Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회지)

Korean Society of Food Science and Technology (한국식품과학회)
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Criteria for diet pattern and meal management to improve cognitive function: A systematic review

체계적 문헌 고찰을 통한 인지기능 개선에 도움을 주는 식사 관리에 대한 연구

  • Park, Young-Sook (Department of Food & Nutrition, Hanyang University) ;
  • Lee, Hyun-Jung (Department of Food & Nutrition, Hanyang University) ;
  • Choi, Kui-Jeong (Department of Food & Nutrition, Hanyang University) ;
  • Xu, Lin (Department of Food & Nutrition, Hanyang University) ;
  • Nam, Ye-Rim (Department of Food & Nutrition, Hanyang University) ;
  • Kim, Yoon-Ha (Department of Food & Nutrition, Hanyang University) ;
  • Kim, Min-Ji (Department of Food & Nutrition, Hanyang University) ;
  • Shin, Weon-Sun (Department of Food & Nutrition, Hanyang University)
  • 박영숙 (한양대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 이현정 (한양대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 최귀정 (한양대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 허림 (한양대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 남예림 (한양대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김윤하 (한양대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 김민지 (한양대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 신원선 (한양대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Received : 2020.06.23
  • Accepted : 2020.08.20
  • Published : 2020.10.31
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the current published research related to improvement in cognitive function. A systematic search was performed in three bibliographic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE) using "dementia", "memory", "food", "diet", and "nutrition" as keywords. Meal management intervention, including Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, Mediterranean (Med) diet, Diet Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet, and other studies, was also included in the analysis. Through extensive screening, 21 articles, out of 2101 papers retrieved, were used for the final systematic review. The methodological quality of the randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. These articles recommended vegetables, fruits, whole grains, olive oil, fish, berries, nuts, and beans. In conclusion, this study suggests the potential use of meal management to improve cognitive function.

본 논문에서는 인지기능과 식사중재 프로그램의 관련 효과를 확인하고자 체계적 고찰을 시행하였다. 2019년 데이터베이스 검색, 선별을 통해 총 21편의 연구를 비뚤림 평가하였다. 고혈압 예방 식사인 대시 식단(Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, DASH diet) 1편, 지중해 식단(Med diet) 8편, 마인드 식단(Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay, MIND diet) 2편이었다(Table 1). 그리고 그 외의 식이중재는 10편이였다(Table 2). 인지 기능 개선을 위해 대표되는 식단 대시 식단(DASH diet), 지중해 식단(Med diet), 마인드 식단(MIND diet) 비교해 본 결과 공통적으로 야채류, 너트류를 권장하고 붉은 육류는 제한한다. 전세계적으로 각 나라마다 고령자의 인지 개선을 위한 연구가 실행되고 있으며 중재 식사관리는 지중해 식단과 비슷한 식단으로 구성되어 있으며 연구 결과 식이교육, 식이중재 시 인지 개선 효과가 있었다. 이 연구를 통해 식이패턴과 식사의 질을 높이는 것이 중요하고 인지기능 개선에 높은 효과를 보인다는 것을 확인할 수 있었고 치매의 치료법은 아직 개발되지 않았으므로 치매의 진행을 예방하고 발병을 지연시키기 위해 식단 구성시 정제되지 않은 통곡물, 야채, 과일, 베리류, 생선, 올리브유, 너트류, 콩류 섭취를 권장한다. 이 고찰을 통해 인지기능 개선을 위해 단일 영양소, 단일 식품의 섭취의 한계를 확인하였고 한국 고령자에게 맞는 맞춤형 식사교육을 통한 식사관리 중재 프로그램이 필요하다는 것을 확인하였다. 그리고, 이 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 한국형 식사관리 중재 프로그램의 기초를 마련하고자 한다.

Keywords

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