International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering

The Society of Naval Architects of Korea (대한조선학회)
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Computational simulations of transitional flows around turbulence stimulators at low speeds

  • Lee, Sang Bong (Department of Naval Architecture and Offshore Engineering, Dong-A University) ;
  • Seok, Woochan (Research Institute of Marine Systems Engineering, Seoul National University) ;
  • Rhee, Shin Hyung (Research Institute of Marine Systems Engineering, Seoul National University)
  • Received : 2020.06.11
  • Accepted : 2021.03.18
  • Published : 2021.11.30
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Abstract

In this study, direct numerical and large eddy simulations of transitional flows around studs were conducted to investigate the effectiveness of turbulence stimulators at very low speeds for the minimum propulsion power condition of four knots. For simplicity, the studs were assumed to be installed on a flat plate, while the wake was observed up to 0.23 m downstream behind the second stud. For applicability to a model ship, we also studied the flow characteristics behind the first and second studs installed on a curved plate, which was designed to describe the geometry of a bulbous bow. A laminar-to-turbulent transition was observed in the wake at ReD ≥ 921 (U∞≥0.290 m/s), and the wall shear stress at ReD = 1162 (U∞ = 0.366 m/s) in the second wake was similar to that of the fully developed turbulent boundary layer after a laminar-to-turbulent transition in the first wake. At ReD = 581 (U∞ = 0.183 m/s), no turbulence was stimulated in the wake behind the first and second studs on the flat plate, while a cluster of vortical structures was observed in the first wake over the curved plate. However, a cluster of vortical structures was revealed to be generated by the reattachment process of the separated shear layer, which was disturbed by the first stud rather than directly initiated by the first stud. It was quite different from a typical process of transition, which was observed at relatively high ReD that the spanwise scope of the turbulent vortical structures expanded gradually as it went downstream.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the Dong-A University research fund.

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