Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction (한국건축시공학회지)

The Korean Institute of Building Construction (한국건축시공학회)
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Development of a Server-independent System to Identify and Communicate Fire Information and Location Tracking of Evacuees

화재정보 확인과 대피자 위치추적을 위한 서버 독립형 시스템 개발

  • Lee, Chijoo (Construction Economy & Industry Research Division, Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements) ;
  • Lee, Taekwan (Housing Works Business Team, Building Works Division, Hyundai Engineering & Construction Corporation)
  • Received : 2021.10.24
  • Accepted : 2021.12.01
  • Published : 2021.12.20
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Abstract

If a fire breaks out in a building, occupants can evacuate more rapidly if they are able to identify the location of the fire, the exits, and themselves. This study derives the requirements of system development, such as distance non-limitation, a non-additional device, a non-centralized server system, and low power for an emergency, to identify information about the fire and the location of evacuees. The objective is to receive and transmit information and reduce the time and effort of the database for location tracking. Accordingly, this study develops a server-independent system that collects information related to a building fire and an evacuee's location and provides information to the evacuee on their mobile device. The system is composed of a transmitting unit to disseminate fire location information and a mobile device application to determine the locations of the fire and the evacuee. The developed system can contribute to reducing the damage to humans because evacuees can identify the location of the fire, exits, and themselves regardless of the impaired server system by fire, the interruption of power source, and the evacuee's location. Furthermore, this study proposes a theoretical basis for reducing the effort required for database construction of the k-nearest neighbor fingerprint.

화재가 발생했을 때, 대피자가 화재 위치와 규모 등의 화재정보, 그리고 출구 위치와 대피자 스스로의 위치를 확인할 수 있다면, 신속하게 대피할 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구에서는 화재정보를 대피자에게 전송하고 대피자의 위치를 확인할 수 있는 시스템을 개발하였다. 선행연구를 통하여 시스템 개발에 필요한 요구사항을 네 가지 도출하였다. 요구사항에는 시스템이 작동하는데 필요한 전력이 크지 않아야 하며, 화재정보를 송·수신하기 위해서 필요한 거리 제한과 추가 장비, 그리고 중앙 서버가 없어도 시스템이 작동할 수 있어야 한다는 것이 포함된다. 이와 같은 요구사항을 기반으로, 본 연구에서는 건물 화재정보를 대피자의 모바일 기기로 전송할 수 있고, 대피자의 위치를 추적할 수 있는 서버 독립형 시스템을 개발하였다. 개발된 시스템은 화재정보를 전송하는 장치와 화재정보를 수신하고 대피자 위치를 추적할 수 있는 모바일 기기의 어플리케이션으로 구성된다. 화재에 의해서 중앙 서버가 손상되어도 대피자는 개발된 시스템을 사용하여 화재 위치와 규모, 출구의 위치와 대파자의 위치를 확인할 수 있으므로, 인명피해를 감소시키는데 기여할 수 있을 것이다. 또한, 실내위치추적에 사용되는 fingerprint 알고리듬의 사용성 향상을 위한 이론적 기초로도 활용될 수 있을 것이다. Fingerprint 사용을 위한 데이터베이스를 구축할 때에 소요되는 노력과 비용을 감소시키는 방법을 제안했기 때문이다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors express their thanks to Professor Ghang Lee (Department of Architectural Engineering, Yonsei University, South Korea) for his advice and generosity about information offering.

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