DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of the Head-Turn Gait on Gait Parameters in the Elderly

노인에서 머리회전을 동반한 보행이 보행변수에 미치는 영향

  • 이명희 (위덕대학교 물리치료학과) ;
  • 장종성 (영남이공대학교 물리치료과)
  • Received : 2021.12.13
  • Accepted : 2021.12.17
  • Published : 2021.12.31

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of older adult's head-turn gait on gait parameters by comparing with head oriented forward gait and to provide criteria for their risk of falling compared to young adult. Methods: The subjects were 19 young adults in their 20s and 18 older adults in their 60s or above residing in Daegu or Gyeongsangbuk-do. To evaluate their gait parameters, spatiotemporal gait parameters were measured using a gait analysis tool (Legsys, BioSensics, USA) under two conditions: 1) walking while keeping one's eyes forward and 2) walking while turning the head. The measurement for each test was performed after one practice session, and the mean value of three measurements was analyzed. The collected data were statistically processed using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to compare any differences in gait parameters between the two groups under the two conditions. The statistical significance level was set at α=0.05. Results: According to the comparison of gait parameters in young adult and older adult between the head oriented forward gait and head-turn gait, statistically significant differences were observed in two parameters: stride length according to the height ratio and stride speed obtained by dividing the stride length according to the height ratio by time (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the head-turn gait causes greater differences in stride length and speed among older adult than in young adult and therefore can act as a cause of falling.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 연구 결과물은 2020학년도 위덕대학교 학술진흥연구비 지원에 의하여 이루어졌음.

References

  1. Auvinet B, Touzard C, Montestruc F, et al. Gait disorders in the elderly and dual task gait analysis: a new approach for identifying motor phenotypes. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation. 2017; 14(1):7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12984-017-0218-1
  2. Dixon PC, Smith T, Taylor MJD, et al. Effect of walking surface, late-cueing, physiological characteristics of aging, and gait parameters on turn style preference in healthy, older adults. Human Movement Science. 2019;66:504-510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2019.06.002
  3. Eibling D. Balance disorders in older adults. Clinics in Geriatric Medicine. 2018;34(2):175-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cger.2018.01.002
  4. Espy DD, Yang F, Bhatt T, et al. Independent influence of gait speed and step length on stability and fall risk. Gait & Posture. 2010;32(3):378-382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2010.06.013
  5. Fitzgerald C, Thomson D, Zebib A, et al. A comparison of gait stability between younger and older adults while head turning. Experimental Brain Research. 2020;238(9):1871-1883. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-020-05846-3
  6. Gil JH, Shim JH. Effects of muscle fatigue on gait under the single and dual-task walking conditions in young adults. Korean Journal of Neuromuscular Rehabilitation. 2019;9(1):27-34.
  7. Glaister BC, Bernatz GC, Klute GK, et al. Video task analysis of turning during activities of daily living. Gait & Posture. 2007;25(2):289-294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2006.04.003
  8. Hak L, Houdijk H, Steenbrink F, et al. Speeding up or slowing down?: gait adaptations to preserve gait stability in response to balance perturbations. Gait & Posture. 2012;36(2):260-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2012.03.005
  9. Hausdorff JM, Rios DA, Edelberg HK, et al. Gait variability and fall risk in community-living older adults: a 1-year prospective study. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2001;82(8):1050-1056. https://doi.org/10.1053/apmr.2001.24893
  10. Jahn K. The aging vestibular system: dizziness and imbalance in the elderly. Advances in Oto-rhino-laryngology. 2019;82:143-149. https://doi.org/10.1159/000490283
  11. Lee JH. Gait changes in older people with mild cognitive impairment by dual task prioritization. Ewha Womans University. Dissertation of Doctorate Degree. 2018.
  12. Kwon JW, Yeo SS. A study of the differences in subjective visual vertical between the elderly and young adults and balance, dizziness, and gait changes. PNF and Movement. 2020;18(3):383-392.
  13. Magnani RM, Bruijn SM, van Dieen JH, et al. Head orientation and gait stability in young adults, dancers and older adults. Gait & Posture. 2020;80:68-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.05.035
  14. Matsuda PN, Taylor C, Shumway-Cook A, et al. Examining the relationship between medical diagnoses and patterns of performance on the modified dynamic gait index. Physical Therapy. 2015;95(6):854-863. https://doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20140297
  15. Mille ML, Johnson-Hilliard M, Martinez KM, et al. One step, two steps, three steps more directional vulnerability to falls in community-dwelling older people. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences. 2013;68(12):1540-1548. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glt062
  16. Roeles S, Rowe PJ, Bruijn SM, et al. Gait stability in response to platform, belt, and sensory perturbations in young and older adults. Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing. 2018;56(12):2325-2335. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11517-018-1855-7
  17. Shin SH, Jang DG, Jang JK, et al. The effect of age and dual task to human postural control. Korea Journal of Spot Biomechanics. 2013;23(2):169-177. https://doi.org/10.5103/KJSB.2013.23.2.169
  18. Singh H, Sanders O, McCombe WS, et al. Relationship between head-turn gait speed and lateral balance function in community-dwelling older adults. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2017;98(10): 1955-1961. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2017.05.006
  19. Sivakumaran S, Schinkel-Ivy A, Masani K, et al. Relationship between margin of stability and deviations in spatiotemporal gait features in healthy young adults. Human Movement Science. 2018;57:366-373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2017.09.014
  20. Yeh TT, Cinelli ME, Lyons JL, et al. Age-related changes in postural control to the demands of a precision task. Human Movement Science. 2015;44:134-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2015.08.021
  21. Zacharias A, Pizzari T, Semciw A, et al. Comparison of gluteus medius and minimus activity during gait in people with hip osteoarthritis and matched controls. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. 2019;29(5):696-705. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13379