Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas (한국가스학회지)

The Korean Institute of GAS (한국가스학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study on the Safety Distance of the Fuelling Facilities by the Radiation Heat in the Fire at the Gas Station

주유소 내 부대시설 화재발생시 복사열에 따른 주유설비 안전거리에 관한 연구

  • Kim, Kisung (Corp. Korea fire & explosion solution) ;
  • Lee, Sangwon (KEPCO, Korea Electric Power Corporation) ;
  • Song, Dongwoo (Dept. Fire and Disaster Prevention Engineering, Halla University)
  • Received : 2021.08.18
  • Accepted : 2021.12.07
  • Published : 2021.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Various research has been done on fires and explosions at gas stations at home and abroad. However, only studies of off-site damage in the event of fire at the gas station were conducted, and research on fire at the auxiliary facilities in the gas station was insufficient. The gas station is a place where anyone can easily access dangerous goods. As the risk of fire increases due to the recent increase of auxiliary facilities such as convenience stores and car repair shops in gas stations, it is important to detect the effects of fire on the main oil refinery in case of fire and to verify the validity of existing regulations. In this thesis, we conducted a study to find out the effect of radiation heat on the separation between fixed and fixed oil reactors in the event of fire at an auxiliary facility. Simulation was modelled using FDS 5.5.3 Version, and the size of the fire source was configured with 13 fire assessment devices and the heat emission rate per unit area was entered. Simulation shows that the separation distance of 2 m does not secure the safety of the gas pump in the event of fire at the auxiliary facilities, and radiation heat does not damage at the separation distance of at least 4 m. Accordingly, facilities that can block radiant heat in the event of fire at auxiliary facilities, and measures to limit the use of auxiliary facilities or to re-impose the separation between buildings and fixtures will be needed.

최근 주유취급소 내의 건축물에 편의점, 자동차 수리점 등의 부대시설이 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라 부대시설에서 화재 발생 시 고정주유기에 미치는 화재의 영향을 알아보고 현행 규정의 타당성을 검증할 필요성이 있다. 본 논문에서는 부대시설에서의 화재 시 고정주유기까지의 이격거리에 따라 미치는 복사열의 영향을 알아보는 연구를 진행하였다. FDS 5.5.3을 사용하여 화재모델링을 하였고, 화원의 크기는 실규모 화재평가 장치를 이용한 사무실의 연소실험을 통한 단위면적당 열방출율을 입력하였다. 화원과 고정주유기의 이격 거리는 '위험물안전관리법 시행규칙 별표13 주유취급소의 위치·구조 및 설비의 기준'에서 명시하는 2 m 부터 이격거리를 1 m 간격으로 늘여가며 10 m까지 화원의 크기를 Case A의 경우 512.41 kW/m2, Case B의 경우 250 kW/m2로 설정하여 총 13개의 시나리오를 구성하여 연구를 진행하였다. 시뮬레이션을 통해 2 m의 이격거리는 부대시설의 화재 시에 주유기의 안전성을 확보하지 못하는 것으로 나타났으며 최소 4m 이상의 이격거리에서 복사열이 피해를 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 따라 부대시설의 화재 발생시 복사열을 차단할 수 있는 설비가 필요하며 부대시설의 용도를 제한하거나 건축물과 고정주유기의 이격거리를 다시 제고하는 방안이 필요할 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. W. E. Park, "A Study on the Improvement of Petrol Station", Mokwon University, (2014)
  2. T. H. Jung, "A study on the safety distance estimbetween CNG and gasoline station through risk quantification", Kwangwoon University, (2000)
  3. Jin Hwan Yoo, Bum Su Kim, Heon Seok Lee, Euy Seok Ko, Gi Baek Lee, "A Study on Consequence Analysis of LNG/LPG/Gasoline Station", JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN INSTITUTE OF GAS 13(3), 54-60, (2009)
  4. E. J. Kim, J. D. Park and I. Moon, "Simulation of Hydrogen Leak and Explosion for the Safey Design of Hydrogen Fueling Station in Korea", International Journal of hydrogen energy, 38, 1737-1743, (2013) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.08.079
  5. J. Hietaniemi, S. Hostikka and J. Vaari, "FDS simulation of fire spread comparison of model results with experimental data", VTT working papers, 33-38, (2004)
  6. Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, "KOSHA GUIDE P-102-2012"
  7. Ministry of Government Legislation, "Act On The Safety Control Of Hazqrdous Substances"
  8. National Fire Agency, "http://fire.seoul.go.kr
  9. K. B. McGrattan and G. P. Forney, "Fire Dynamics Simulator (Ver. 5) Technical-Reference-Guide", (2008)
  10. Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, "Development of the optimum conutermeasures for fire-damaged underground structures", 64-67, (2008)
  11. The Eupopean Union Per Regulation, "EN 1991-1-2 :2002 General Actions -Actions on structures exposed to fire", 51, (2002)
  12. Kim, S. C., Ko, G. H., & Lee, S. H., "On the reliability of the computational fire model based on the yield rate concept of combustion gases", Fire Science and Engineering, 23(4), 130-136, (2009)
  13. United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, "Verification and Validation of Selected Fire Models for Nuclear Power Plant Applications (NUREG-1824)", (2016)