Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment (환경영향평가)

Korean Society of Environmental Impact Assessment (한국환경영향평가학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Analysis of Microclimate Impact According to Development Scenarios of Vacant Land in Downtown Seoul - A Comparison of Wind Speed and Air Temperature -

서울 도심 공지의 개발 시나리오에 따른 미기후 영향 분석 - 풍속 및 기온 비교 -

  • Baek, Jiwon (Department of Landscape Architecture, General Graduate School, University of Seoul) ;
  • Park, Chan (Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Urban Sciences, University of Seoul) ;
  • Park, Somin (Department of Landscape Architecture, General Graduate School, University of Seoul) ;
  • Choi, Jaeyeon (Department of Landscape Architecture, General Graduate School, University of Seoul) ;
  • Song, Wonkyong (School of Environmental Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Dankook University) ;
  • Kang, Dain (Department of Landscape Architecture, General Graduate School, University of Seoul) ;
  • Kim, Suryeon (Department of Urban Planning & Design, College of Urban Sciences, University of Seoul)
  • 백지원 (서울시립대학교 일반대학원 조경학과) ;
  • 박찬 (서울시립대학교 도시과학대학 조경학과) ;
  • 박소민 (서울시립대학교 일반대학원 조경학과) ;
  • 최재연 (서울시립대학교 일반대학원 조경학과) ;
  • 송원경 (단국대학교 환경원예.조경학부) ;
  • 강다인 (서울시립대학교 일반대학원 조경학과) ;
  • 김수련 (서울시립대학교 도시과학대학 도시공학과)
  • Received : 2021.02.26
  • Accepted : 2021.04.08
  • Published : 2021.04.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In the city of high population density crowded with buildings, Urban Heat Island (UHI) is intensified, and the city is vulnerable to thermal comfort. The maintenance of vacant land in downtown is treated as a factor that undermines the residential environment, spoils the urban landscape, and decreases the economic vitality of the whole region. Therefore, this study compared the effects on microclimate in the surrounding area according to the development scenarios targeting the vacant land in Songhyeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul. The status quo, green oriented, building oriented and green-building mediation scenarios were established and ENVI-met was used to compare and analyze the impact of changes in wind speed, air temperature and mean radiant temperature (MRT) within 1 km of the target and the target site. The result of inside and 1 km radius the targeted area showed that the seasonal average temperature decreased and the wind speed increased when the green oriented scenario was compared with the current state one. It was expected that the temperature lowered to -0.73 ℃ or increased to 1.5 ℃ in summer, and the wind speed was affected up to 210 meters depending on the scenario. And it was revealed that green area inside the site generally affects inside area, but the layout and size of the buildings affect either internal and external area. This study is expected to help as a decision-making support tool for developing Songhyeon-dong area and to be used to reflect the part related to microclimate on the future environmental effects evaluation system.

건물이 밀집되고 인구밀도가 높은 도시는 열섬현상이 가중되고 열쾌적성에 취약하다. 도심에서 방치되고 있는 공지는 주거환경과 도시미관을 저해하고 지역 전체의 경제적 활력이 낮아지며 도시를 쇠퇴하는 하나의 요인으로 다루어진다. 이에 본 연구에서는 서울 종로구 송현동의 공지를 대상으로 개발 시나리오에 따라 주변 미기후 영향을 비교하고자 하였다. 현 상태 유지, 녹지 중심, 건물 중심, 녹지-건물 절충 시나리오를 설정하고, ENVI-met을 사용하여 개별 시나리오별로 대상지와 대상지 주변 1 km 내 변화되는 풍속, 기온, 평균복사온도를 개발 시나리오별 내·외부 영향을 비교분석하였다. 연구 결과, 대상지 내·외부는 녹지 중심의 시나리오가 현 상태 유지 시나리오와 비교했을 때 계절별 평균 기온은 낮아졌고, 풍속이 빨라진 것으로 도출되었다. 여름철 최대 -0.73 ℃가 낮아지거나 1.5 ℃까지 상승될 것으로 예상되었고, 풍속은 시나리오에 따라 최대 210 m 범위까지 영향이 있었다. 또한, 녹지는 내·외부, 건물 배치 및 크기는 녹지보다 효과는 적으나 인접한 외부 공간에 영향을 주는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구는 송현동 개발 방향에 대한 의사결정 지원 도구로써 도움을 줄 수 있고, 향후 환경영향평가 제도에 미기후에 대한 부분을 반영하는데 활용할 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 결과물은 환경부의 재원으로 한국환경산업기술원의 도시생태 건강성 증진 기술개발사업의 지원을 받아 연구되었습니다(2019002760001).

References

  1. Chang SH. 2000. A Two-Sample Comparison for Multiple Ordered Event Data. Biometrics 56: 183-189 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0006-341X.2000.00183.x
  2. Heris MP, Middel A, Muller B. 2020. Impact of form and design policies on urban microclimate: Assessment of zoning design guideline choices in urban redevelopment projects. Landscape and Urban Planning. 202.
  3. Jung MM, Eom HJ. 2011. Understanding and Interpretation of Interaction Effects in Multi-factor ANOVA Designs. Korean Society for Measurement and Evaluation in Physical Education and Sports Science 13(2): 1-15 [Korean Literature]
  4. Jung WS, Park JK, Lee HW. 2006. An Analysis on Influence of Geographical Variation Induced by Development Affecting to the Local Scale Wind Environment -Numerical Simulation using the ENVI-met Model-. Journal of Korea Society for Atmospheric Environment 22(6): 888-903. [Korean Literature]
  5. Kim CH. 2015. Causes and Problems of the Publication from the Urban Planning Pint of View. Journal of Environmental Studies 56: 50-57. [Korean Literature]
  6. Kim DW, Kim JK, Jung EH. 2010. An Analysis of Micro-climate Environmental Changes Followed by Establishment of an Urban Park. Journal of the Urban Design Institute of Korea Urban Design 11(2): 77-94. [Korean Literature]
  7. Kim JK, Jung EH, Kim DW, Ryu JW, Cha JG. 2008. A Study on the microclimate Improvement of an apartment complex using the Envi-Met model. Journal of the Korean Housing Association 297-302. [Korean Literature]
  8. Kim MS, Lim JH. 2017. An Analysis of the Urban Thermal Environment of Songdo International City Using an ENVI-met Model. Journal of Architectural Institute of Korea 37(2): 1014-1017. [Korean Literature]
  9. Kim SE, Noh KC, Oh MD. 2004. Evaluation of the Indoor Thermal Comfort in Consideration of the Solar Radiation. Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering 16(12): 1140-1148. [Korean Literature]
  10. Kim WJ. 2019. A Study on the Relationship between Neighbor- hood Green Space and Community Building in the Newtown -A Case Study on the Resident Participation of the First Village in Sejong City-. Ph.D thesis. Seoul National University. Seoul. [Korean Literature]
  11. Kwon YJ, Lee DK, Ahn SK. 2019. Urban Street Planting Scenarios Simulation for Micro-scale Urban Heat Island Effect Mitigation in Seoul. Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment 28(1): 23-34. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.14249/EIA.2019.28.1.23
  12. Lee GW, Jeong YN. 2019a. An Observation Study of the Relationship of between the Urban And Architectural Form and Microclimate. Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology 9(7): 337-349. [Korean Literature]
  13. Lee GW, Jeong YN, Moon YD. 2019b. The Relation of between the Architectural and Urban Form, Microclimate Factors and Buildings Energy Consumption. Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology 9(10): 923-934. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.35873/ajmahs.2019.9.10.079
  14. Martin MR, Maiullari D, Pijpers-van Esch MME, Schlueter A. 2020. An Integrated Microclimate-Energy Demand Simulation Method for the Assessment of Urban Districts. Frontiers in Built Environment.
  15. Park JB, Im HN, Kim SH, Choi CG. 2017. An Effect of Building-Coverage Ratio and Floor-Area Ratio on Urban Heat Island Effect -Focused on Multi-Family Housing and Apartments with Automatic Weather Station in Seoul-. Journal of Korea Planning Association 52(7): 159-176. [Korean Literature]
  16. Ryu BR, Ko EA. 2010. Wind Simulation and Optimal Building Allocation using Envimet 3-D Model. Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Technology 11(4): 207-215. [Korean Literature]
  17. Song BG, Park KH. 2019. A Study on the Relationship between Land Cover Type and Urban Temperature -focused on Gimhae city-. Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies 22(2): 65-81. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.11108/KAGIS.2019.22.2.065
  18. Song DW. 2012. An Analysis of Local Wind Field by Location of Industrial Complex using CALMET and ENVI-MET. Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment 21(3): 417-429. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.14249/EIA.2012.21.3.417
  19. Song IJ. 2020. A study on the Spatial Characteristics of Climate Environment and the Effect of Planning Techniques on Response to Climate Change in Seoul. Seoul symposium on Climate Change Response.
  20. Suh JE, Park BY, Kim SG, Kim TY, Leigh SB. 2009. An Analysis of Elements that Cause Heat Island in Urban Area-Focused on Seoul Metropolitan Area-. Proceedings of Architectural Institute of Korea 29(1): 581-584. [Korean Literature]
  21. Wilson JD. 1988. A second order closure model for flow through vegetation. Boundary Layer Meteorology 42: 371-392. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00121591
  22. Yoon YH. 2001. The study of Cooling Effect on Heat Island by Parks -Relationship between Wind Velocity-. Journal of Korea Planning Association 36(2): 187-196. [Korean Literature]
  23. National Institute of Korean History: Annals of the Joseon Dynasty [Internet]. Sungjong's Annals vol 125, Jan. 20th. Sungjong 12; [cited 2020 Nov 11]. Available form http://sillok.history.go.kr/id/kia_11201020_006
  24. ENVI_MET: Cities and Health [Internet]. Building Physics; [cited 2020 Oct 03]. Available from: http://www.envi-met.com/
  25. Seoul History Archive: Songhyeon-dong [Internet]. Songhyeon article; [cited 2021 Jan 15] https://museum.seoul.go.kr/www/search/archive/search.jsp?sso=ok
  26. Seoul Opinion Survey: Songhyeon-dong survey [Internet]. Citizen's opinion for songhyeon-dong; [cited 2020 Nov 02] http://research.seoul.go.kr/answerResult/list.do#