The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology (문화기술의 융합)

The International Promotion Agency of Culture Technology (국제문화기술진흥원)
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Analysis of the Evacuation Safety with the Structure and Opening/Closing of Exits in a Fire at a Highway Service Area

고속도로 휴게소 화재 시 출입문의 구조와 개폐에 따른 피난안전성 분석

  • 이재영 (건양사이버대학교 재난안전소방학과) ;
  • 공하성 (우석대학교 소방방재학과)
  • Received : 2021.04.15
  • Accepted : 2021.05.06
  • Published : 2021.05.31
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Abstract

This study analyzed the safety of evacuation according to the number of exits and the direction of evacuation routes with evacuation simulations of the Pathfinder in case of a fire at a highway service area. It was also analyzed of the difference in RSET by comparing the single or double types of the exit of a facility. The results were as follows. When only one direction exit was opened, all of the RSET were exceeded. When two or more different directions were opened according to the general principle of evacuation, all results met the RSET. The simulations showed that two or more different directions were more shortened in RSET than the one same direction. The result of the types of doors showed that the single type door was shortened in RSET rather than the double type doors. For the evacuation safety in a fire at the highway service areas, firstly, it is necessary to secure two or more exits in a fire at all times. Secondly, the exits should not be same directions. Finally, it is suggested that the exit should be installed with a single type of door.

이 연구는 패스파인더 시뮬레이션 프로그램을 활용하여 고속도로 휴게소에서 화재 시 피난 통로의 개수와 방향에 따른 피난안전성을 분석하였다. 또한, 시설물의 출입구를 2중 문으로 설치했을 경우와 단일 문으로 설치했을 경우를 비교하여 RSET 차이를 분석하였다. 1개의 출입구만을 개방했을 경우는 피난가능시간을 모두 초과하였다. 피난대책의 일반적인 원칙인 두 방향 이상의 피난 통로를 확보하기 위해 2개 이상의 출입구를 개방하였을 경우는 피난가능시간 안에 모두 대피하는 결과를 얻었다. 두 방향 이상의 출입구를 개방할 경우에는 서로 동일방향이 아니어야 RSET가 짧아진다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 2중 문 보다는 단일 문으로 출입문을 설치했을 경우 RSET이 단축된다는 결과를 얻었다. 또한 이 연구를 통하여 고속도로 휴게소의 RSET를 단축시키기 위해 첫째, 두 방향 이상의 피난 통로를 상시 확보할 필요가 있으며, 둘째, 두 방향 이상의 피난 통로는 동일한 방향이 되지 않아야 한다는 것과 마지막으로, 2중 문보다는 단일 문으로 출입구를 설치해야 함을 제안하였다.

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