Animal Bioscience

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
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Broken rice in a fermented total mixed ration improves carcass and marbling quality in fattened beef cattle

  • Kotupan, Salisa (Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University) ;
  • Sommart, Kritapon (Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University)
  • Received : 2020.05.01
  • Accepted : 2020.10.26
  • Published : 2021.08.01
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Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effects of replacing cassava chips with broken rice in a fermented total mixed ration diet on silage quality, feed intake, ruminal fermentation, growth performance, and carcass characteristics in the final phase of fattening beef cattle. Methods: Eighteen Charolais-Thai native crossbred steers (average initial body weight: 609.4±46 kg; average age 31.6 mo) were subjected to three ad libitum dietary regimes and were maintained in individual pens for 90 d before slaughter. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design by initial age and body weight with six replicates. The dietary regimens used different proportions of broken rice (0%, 16%, and 32% [w/w] of dry matter [DM]) instead of cassava chips in a fermented total mixed ration. All dietary treatments were evaluated for in vitro gas production and tested in in vivo feeding trials. Results: The in vitro experiments indicated that organic matter from broken rice was significantly more digestible than that from a cassava-based diet (p<0.05). Silage quality, nutrient intake, ruminal fermentation characteristics, carcass fat thickness, and marbling score substantially differed among treatments. The ruminal total volatile fatty acids, propionate concentration, dietary protein intake, and digestibility increased linearly (p<0.05) with broken rice, whereas acetate concentration and the acetate:propionate ratio decreased linearly (p<0.05) with broken rice (added up to 32 g/kg DM). Broken rice did not influence plasma metabolite levels or growth performance (p>0.05). However, the marbling score increased, and the carcass characteristics improved with broken rice. Conclusion: Substitution of cassava chips with broken rice in beef cattle diets may improve fattened beef carcass quality because broken rice increases rumen fermentation, fatty acid biosynthesis, and metabolic energy supply.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the Thailand Research Fund under the Research and Researchers for Industries Scholarship (Project No. MSD60I0055 ID5922042 to Miss Salisa Kotupan). The authors thank the Nong Sung Agricultural Cooperative and Khon Kaen University for their collaboration and granting us access to their infrastructure and laboratory facilities.

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