DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Checklist of Mushrooms of Mt. Cleopatra Needle Forest Reserve in Palawan Island, Philippines

  • Kim, Dae Ho (Tree Pathology and Mycology Laboratory, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Ha, Nguyen Manh (Tree Pathology and Mycology Laboratory, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Manalo, Mutya Ma Quintos (Deaprtment o Forest Biological Sciences, University of Philippines Los Banos) ;
  • Baldovino, Manuel (Museum of Natural History, University of Philippines Los Banos) ;
  • Lee, Jong Kyu (Tree Pathology and Mycology Laboratory, Kangwon National University)
  • Received : 2021.02.17
  • Accepted : 2021.04.05
  • Published : 2021.06.30

Abstract

A mushroom survey was conducted in Mt. Cleopatra Needle Forest Reserve (CNFR) northeast of Puerto Pincesa, the capital city of Palawan island, from August 2018 to September 2019. During this period, 433 fungal fruiting bodies were collected from 3 different from survey sites, Concepcion, Kalakwasan, and Tanabag Barangays. The specimens were identified based on their morphological and molecular analyses and classified into 176 species, 114 genera, 55 families, and 22 orders. The mushrooms belong to Ascomycota were classified into 20 species, 15 genera, 12 families, and 7 orders, while those belongs to Basidiomycota were classified into 156 species, 99 genera, 43 families, and 15 orders, respectively. Among these mushrooms, the families with high frequency were Polyporaceae (18.9%), Marasmiaceae (11.5%), Xylariaceae (9.7%), Agaricaceae (8.3%), Auriculariaceae (4.8%), Ganodermataceae (4.2%), Hypoxylaceae (3.2%), and Sarcoscyphaceae (3.0%), and comprised 63.7% of the total specimens identified. This report may be the first checklist of mushrooms in Mt. CNFR and could be used for developing conservation strategies of the critical habitat in Palawan island.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea (NIBR202006203).

References

  1. Alzeus, O., Tantengco, G. and Ragragio, E. 2018. Ethnomycological survey of macrofungi utilized by Ayta communities in Bataan, Philippines. Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology 8(1):104-108. https://doi.org/10.5943/cream/8/1/9
  2. Angeles, L.P., Arma, J.M., Basaca, C.W., Biscocho, H.E.H., Castro, A.E., Cruzate, S.M., Garcia, R.J.G., Maghari, L.M.E., Pagadora, R.S. and Tadiosa, E.R. 2016. Basidiomycetous Fungi in Mt. Palay-palay Protected Landscape, Luzon Island, Philippines. Asian Journal of Biodiversity 7(1):79-94.
  3. Arenas, M.C., Tadiosa, E.R., Alejandro, G.J.D. and Reyes, R.G. 2015. Macroscopic Fungal Flora of Mts. Palaypalay - Mataas na Gulod Protected Landscape, Southern Luzon, Philippines. Asian Jouranl of Biodiversity 6(1):1-22.
  4. Arenas, M.C., Tadiosa, E.R. and Reyes, R.G. 2018. Taxonomic inventory based on physical distribution of macrofungi in Mt. Maculot, Cuenca, Batangas, International Journal of Biology, Pharmacy and Allied Sciences 7(5):672-687.
  5. Beijnen, V.J. and Hoevenaars, K. 2015. The proposed Cleopatra's Needle Forest Reserve, Palawan, Philippines. Technical Report. pp.24.
  6. Chandrasrikul, A. et al.. 2011. Checklist of mushrooms (Basidiomycetes) in Thailand. Office of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy and Planning, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment. Biodiversity Series Vol. 20. pp.432.
  7. Chandrasrikul, A., Suwanit, P., Sangwanit, U., Morinaga, T., Nishizawa, Y. and Murakami, Y. 2008. Diversity of mushrooms and macrofungi in Thailand. Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand. pp.505.
  8. De Leon A.M., Kalaw, S.P., Dulay, R.M., Undan, J.R., Alfonzo, D.O., Undan, J.Q. and Reyes, R.G. 2016. Ethnomycological survey of the Kalanguya indigenous community in Caranglan, Nueva Ecija, Philippines. Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology 6(2):61-66. https://doi.org/10.5943/cream/6/2/1
  9. De Leon A.M., Luangsa-ard, J.J.D., Karunarathna S.C., Hyde K.D., Reyes R.G. and Dela C.T. 2013. Species listing, distribution, and molecular identification of macrofungi in six Aeta tribal communities in Central Luzon, Philippines. Mycosphere 4(3):478-494. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/4/3/4
  10. De Leon A.M., Reyes, R.G. and Dela C.T. 2012. Ligninolytic and leaf litter degrading mushrooms from the Philippines with antioxidant activities. Mycosphere 3(2):251-259. https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/3/2/9
  11. De Leon, A.M., Reyes, R.G., Thomas E.E. and Dela C.T. 2013. Lentinus squarrosulus and Polyporus grammocephalus: Newly Domesticated, Wild Edible Macrofungi from the Philippines. The Philippine Agriultural Scientist 96(4): 411-418.
  12. Hong, M.Y., Park, S.W., Kim, D.H., Saysavanh, V. and Lee, J.K. 2019. A checklist of mushrooms of Phousabous National Protected Area (PNPA) of Lao-PDR. Journal of Forest & Environmental Science 35(4):268-271. https://doi.org/10.7747/JFES.2019.35.4.268
  13. Imazeki, R. and Hongo, T. 1987. Colored illustrations of mushrooms of Japan I. Hoikusha Publishing Co. Japan. pp.325.
  14. Imazeki, R. and Hongo, T. 1989. Colored illustrations of mushrooms of Japan II. Hoikusha Publishing Co. Japan. pp.315.
  15. Index Fungorum System (www.indexfungorum.org).
  16. Kim, N.K., Lee, J.H., Jo, J.W. and Lee, J.K. 2017. A checklist of mushrooms of Cambodia. Journal of Forest & Environmental Science 33(1):49-65. https://doi.org/10.7747/JFES.2017.33.1.49
  17. Lazo, C.R.M., Kalaw, S.P. and De Leon A.M. 2015. Ethnomycological Survey of Macrofungi Utilized by Gaddang Communities in Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines. Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology 5(3):256-262. https://doi.org/10.5943/cream/5/3/8
  18. Lee, J.H., Kim, D.H., Yun, J.H., Hong, M.Y. and Lee, J.K. 2018. A checklist of mushrooms of Phou Khao Khuoay National Protected Area (PKKNPA) of Lao-PDR. Journal of Forest & Environmental Science 34(6):457-460. https://doi.org/10.7747/JFES.2018.34.6.457
  19. Lee, J.K., Kim, N.K., Lee, J.H., Jo, J.W., Yoon, Y.H., Kim, Y.T., Ngeth, C. and Bunthoeun, R. 2015. Biodiversity of Cambodia - Mushrooms. National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, pp.280.
  20. Lee, J.K., Lee, J.H., Kim, D.H., Yun, J.H., Veosavanh, S. and Soulilath, K. 2017. Biodiversity of Lao PDR. Phou Khao Khuoay and Phosabous National Protected Area. National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, pp.512.
  21. Lee, S.S., Allias, S.A., Jones, E.G.B., Zainuddin, N. and Chan, H.D. 2012. Checklist of fungi of Malaysia. Research Pamphlet No. 132. Forest Research Institute of Malaysia (FRIM). pp.556.
  22. Lowy, B. 1951. A morphological basis for classifying the species of Auricularia. Mycologia 43(3):351-358. https://doi.org/10.2307/3755598
  23. Lucas, C., Nanthavong, K. and Millet, J. 2013. Environmental and human influence on forest composition, structure and diversity in Laos. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 25(3):410-420.
  24. Musngi, R.B., Abella, E.A., Lalap, A.L. and Reyes, R.G. 2005. Four species of wild Auricularia in Central Luzon, Philippines as sources of cell lines for researchers and mushroom growers. Journal of Agricultural Technology 1(2):279-299.
  25. Paquit, J.C. and Pampolina, N.M. 2017. Tree and macrofungal diversity of the two different habitat types in Mt. Makiling forest reserve. International Journal of Microbiology and Mycology 10(4):1-8.
  26. Phillips, R. 2005. Mushrooms and other fungi of North America. New York, USA. pp.319.
  27. Quimio, T.H. 2001. Common mushrooms of Mt. Makiling (Philippines). Museum of Natural History, University of the Philippines Los Banos. ISBN 971-547-186-2. pp.83.
  28. Reyes, R.G. and Nair, M.G. 2016. Ligninolytic and leaf litter degrading mushrooms from the Philippines with antioxidant activities. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Allied Sciences 5(4):67-74.
  29. Sanoamuang, N. 2010. Wild Mushrooms of Thailand: Biodiversity and Utilization. Universal Graphic and Trading Limited Partnership, Bangkok. pp.424.
  30. Sibounnavong, P., Cynthia.C.D., Kalaw, S.P., Reyes, R.G. and Soytong, K. 2008. Some species of macrofungi at Puncan, Carranglan, Nueva Ecija in the Philippines. Journal of Agricultural Technology 4(2):105-115.
  31. Stuntz, D.E. 1973. How to identify mushrooms to genus. IV. Keys to families and genera. Mad River Press, Inc. pp.94.
  32. Sydow, H. and Sydow, P. 1912. Fungi from the island of Palawan. Leaflets of Philippine Botany. Art. 76:1533-1547.
  33. Tadiosa, E.R., Agbayani, E.S. and Agustin, N.T. 2011. Preliminary study on the macrofungi of Bazal-Baubo Watershed, Aurora Province, Central Luzon, Philippines. Asian Journal of Biodiversity 2(4):149-171.
  34. Tadiosa, E.R. and Briones, R.U. 2013. Fungi of Taal Volcano Protected Landscape, Southern Luzon, Philippines. Asian Journal of Biodiversity 4(1):46-64.
  35. Wannathes, N., Desjardin, D.E., Hyde, K.D., Perry, B.A. and Lumyong, S. 2009. A monograph of Marasmius (Basidiomycota) from Northern Thailand based on morphological and molecular (ITS sequences) data. Fungal Diversity 37:209-306.
  36. Whalley, A.J.S., Phosri, C., Ruchikachorn, N., Sihanonth, P., Sangvichien, E., Suwannasai, N., Thienhirun, S. and Whalley, M. 2012. Interesting or rare Xylariaceae in Thailand. Life Sciences Environmental Journal 13(1):9-19.
  37. Zhishu, B., Guoyang, Z. and Taihui, L. 1993. The macrofungus flora of China's Guangdong province. The Chinese University Press. pp.734.