Korean Journal of Environmental Biology (환경생물)

Korean Society of Environmental Biology (한국환경생물학회)
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Bioaccumulation of Ag and Zn in earthworms (Eisenia fetida) from soil contaminated with Ag and Zn nanoparticles using a radiotracer method

방사성동위원소 추적자 기법을 이용한 제조나노입자로 오염된 토양으로부터 지렁이(Eisenia fetida)의 은과 아연 축적 연구

  • Seung Ha Lee (Department of Oceanography, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Byeong-Gweon Lee (Department of Oceanography, Chonnam National University)
  • 이승하 (전남대학교 자연과학대학 해양학과) ;
  • 이병권 (전남대학교 자연과학대학 해양학과)
  • Received : 2021.12.07
  • Accepted : 2021.12.14
  • Published : 2021.12.31
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Abstract

In a radiotracer study, the bioaccumulation and efflux of metals in earthworms (Eisenia fetida) exposed to soil spiked with ZnO and Ag nanoparticles (AgNP) were compared to those exposed to soil spiked with ionic Zn and Ag. Additionally, the bioavailability and chemical mobility of nano- and ionic metals in the soil were estimated using the sequential extraction method and compared to the bioaccumulation factor(BAF). The BAF for ZnO (0.06) was 31 times lower than that for Zn ions (1.86), suggesting that ZnO was less bioavailable than the ionic form in contaminated soil. In contrast, the BAFs for two types of AgNPs coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone (0.12) or citrate (0.11) were comparable to those of ionic Ag (0.17). The sequential extraction of metals from the soil suggests that the chemically mobile fractions in the Zn ion treatment were higher(35%) than those (<20%) in the Ag ion treatment, which was consistent with the greater BAFs in the former than the latter. However, the chemical mobility in the ZnO treatments did not predict bioavailability. The efflux rates of Ag (3.2-3.8% d-1) in the worms were 2-3×those(1.2-1.7% d-1) for Zn.

본 연구에서는 방사성동위원소 추적자 실험을 통해서 산화아연 또는 두 종류의 은나노물질로 오염시킨 토양에서 지렁이(Eisenia fetida)의 금속축적과 제거율을 비교하였고, 이들을 이온상의 Ag와 Zn으로 처리한 대조구와 비교하였다. 추가적으로 토양의 금속을 다단계추출법(sequential extraction method)을 이용하여 금속의 결합 형태로부터 생물이용도(bioavailability)를 예측하고 실제 생물축적(BAF, bioaccumulation factor)과 비교하였다. ZnO 처리구의 BAF (0.06)는 아연이온 처리구 BAF (1.86)보다 31배 낮았는데, 이는 토양에서 ZnO의 생물전이가 매우 낮음을 제시해 준다. 한편, 은의 BAF는 금속의 오염 형태에에 무관하게 0.11~0.17의 범위를 보였다. 다단계추출법을 통해서 아연이온 처리구의 아연은 토양에 비교적 약한 결합을 하는 형태(mobile fraction)에 35% 분포하여 아연이온처리구 값(<20%)보다 높았고, 이는 전자의 더 높은 BAF와 일치한다. 하지만, ZnO 처리구의 다단계추출은 생물이용도나 BAF를 잘 예측하지 못했으며 이는 ZnO가 토양에서 아연이온과 지화학적으로 다른 거동을 하기 때문으로 추정된다. 지렁이 체내에 축적된 은의 제거율(3.2~3.8% d-1)은 아연의 제거율(1.2~1.7% d-1)보다 2~3배 더 높았다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

심사위원들과 편집위원회의 의견과 제시 사항에 감사드리며 양경선 양의 도움에 고마움을 표현합니다.

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