Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
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Effect of High-molecular-weight Maleic Anhydride-grafted Polylactic Acid Compatibilizer on the Properties of Polylactic acid-based Wood Polymer Composites

말레산 무수물로 그래프트된 고분자량의 폴리락트산 상용화제가 폴리락트산 기반의 합성목재에 미치는 영향

  • Han, Dong-Heon (Department of Applied Chemical Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education) ;
  • Lee, Jong In (Department of Applied Chemical Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education) ;
  • Oh, Seung-Ju (Department of Applied Chemical Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education) ;
  • Nam, Byeong Uk (Department of Applied Chemical Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education) ;
  • Bae, Jin Woo (Department of Applied Chemical Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education)
  • 한동헌 (한국기술교육대학교 응용화학공학과) ;
  • 이종인 (한국기술교육대학교 응용화학공학과) ;
  • 오승주 (한국기술교육대학교 응용화학공학과) ;
  • 남병욱 (한국기술교육대학교 응용화학공학과) ;
  • 배진우 (한국기술교육대학교 응용화학공학과)
  • Received : 2021.02.15
  • Accepted : 2021.06.04
  • Published : 2021.06.30
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Abstract

High-molecular-weight maleic anhydride-grafted polylactic acids (HMMA-g-PLA) compatibilizers were prepared by melt grafting in a twin screw extruder using di(tert-butyl-perxoyisopropyl)benzene (PK-14; as initiator), maleic anhydride (MA), and divinylbenzene (DVB). To determine the properties of the prepared HMMA-g-PLA compatibilizers, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Melt index (MI), and back-titration analyses were performed. On increasing DVB concentration, grafting yield of HMMA-g-PLA increased but MI decreased because 𝛽-scission of PLA was restrained by the DVB, and thus, the molecular weight of HMMA-g-PLA increased. PLA-based wood-plastic composites (WPCs) were prepared using HMMA-g-PLA by melt blending through a single screw extruder. The flexural and impact strengths of WPCs compatibilized with HMMA-g-PLA were greater than those of WPCs produced without HMMA-g-PLA. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies indicated that increased mechanical properties were caused by excellent interfacial adhesion between PLA and wood fibers due to the addition of HMMA-g-PLA. However, rather high contents of HMMA-g-PLA reduced the mechanical properties of WPCs. We believe that lower molecular-weight of HMMA-g-PLA added as an compatibilizer, compared with PLA polymer, caused the reduction of mechanical properties.

Maleic anhydride (MA)와 divinylbenzene (DVB)을 개시제인 di(tert-butyl-perxoyisopropyl)benzene (PK-14)과 함께 이축 압출기에서 용융 그래프팅 반응을 통해 상용화제인 high-molecular-weight maleic anhydride-grafted polylactic acids (HMMA-g-PLA)를 제조하였다. 제조된 HMMA-g-PLA의 특성을 분석하기 위해 Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Melt index (MI), 그리고 역적정을 실시하였다. HMMA-g-PLA는 DVB의 함량이 증가함에 따라 MA의 그래프팅율은 증가하나 MI는 감소하였는데, DVB의 도입으로 PLA의 𝛽-scission 반응이 억제되어 분자량이 증가되었기 때문이다. HMMA-g-PLA를 사용한 PLA기반 합성목재(wood-plastic composites, WPCs)는 matrix인 PLA에 보강재인 목재와 무기 충전재인 talc를 첨가하여 일축 압출기로 용융 블렌드하였다. 상용화제인 HMMA-g-PLA가 도입된 WPCs는 도입되지 않은 WPCs와 비교하여 더 높은 굴곡강도 및 충격강도를 보였다. 이것은 Scanning electron microscope (SEM) 분석을 통해 HMMA-g-PLA의 첨가로 PLA와 목분과의 계면 결합력이 우수해졌기 때문인 것을 알 수 있었다. 하지만 HMMA-g-PLA의 함량이 높을 때는 WPCs의 기계적 물성을 악화시켰다. 이는 도입된 HMMA-g-PLA 상용화제의 분자량이 PLA 고분자 수지보다 더 낮아 기계적 물성을 감소시킨 것으로 판단하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 교육부의 산학공동기술개발과제[LINCPLUS-2019-19]와 대학혁신지원사업 및 한국기술교육대학교 교육연구진흥과제의 지원을 받아 연구되었음.

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