Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
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Biodegradation and Removal of PAHs by Bacillus velezensis Isolated from Fermented Food

  • Sultana, Omme Fatema (Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University) ;
  • Lee, Saebim (Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University) ;
  • Seo, Hoonhee (Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University) ;
  • Al Mahmud, Hafij (Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University) ;
  • Kim, Sukyung (Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University) ;
  • Seo, Ahyoung (Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University) ;
  • Kim, Mijung (Probiotics Microbiome Convergence Center, Soonchunhyang University) ;
  • Song, Ho-Yeon (Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University)
  • Received : 2021.04.15
  • Accepted : 2021.05.20
  • Published : 2021.07.28
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Abstract

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous in the environment. They are highly toxigenic and carcinogenic. Probiotic bacteria isolated from fermented foods were tested to check their ability to degrade and/or detoxify PAHs. Five probiotic bacteria with distinct morphologies were isolated from a mixture of 26 fermented foods co-cultured with benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) containing Bushnell Haas minimal broth. Among them, B. velezensis (PMC10) significantly reduced the abundance of BaP in the broth. PMC10 completely degraded BaP presented at a lower concentration in broth culture. B. velezensis also showed a clear zone of degradation on a BaP-coated Bushnell Haas agar plate. Gene expression profiling showed significant increases of PAH ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases and 4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase genes in B. velezensis in response to BaP treatment. In addtion, both live and heat-killed B. velezensis removed BaP and naphthalene (Nap) from phosphate buffer solution. Live B. velezensis did not show any cytotoxicity to macrophage or human dermal fibroblast cells. Live-cell and cell-free supernatant of B. velezensis showed potential anti-inflammatory effects. Cell-free supernatant and extract of B. velezensis also showed free radical scavenging effects. These results highlight the prospective ability of B. velezensis to biodegrade and remove toxic PAHs from the human body and suggest that the biodegradation of BaP might be regulated by ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase-initiated metabolic pathway.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was financially supported by the Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy (MOTIE), Korea, under the "Regional Industry-based Organization Support Program" (Ref. No. P0001942) supervised by the Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology (KIAT). This study was also supported by Soonchunhyang University Research Fund. We want to thank all the lab members for their support during this study.

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