Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation (재활치료과학)

Korean Society of Neurological Occupational Therapy (대한신경계작업치료학회)
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Developing Social Play Evaluation Items for Preschool Children: A Delphi Study

학령전기 아동의 사회적 놀이 평가 문항 개발: 델파이 연구

  • Lee, Sun-Hee (Rodem Pediatric Clinic Child Development Clinic) ;
  • Jung, Min-Ye (Dept. of Occupational Therapy, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University) ;
  • Yoo, Eun-Young (Dept. of Occupational Therapy, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University) ;
  • Hong, Ickpyo (Dept. of Occupational Therapy, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University) ;
  • Kim, Jung-Ran (Dept. of Dementia Prevention and Rehabilitation, College of Human Service, Catholic Kwandong University) ;
  • Park, Hae Yean (Dept. of Occupational Therapy, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University)
  • 이선희 (로뎀소아청소년과의원 아동발달클리닉) ;
  • 정민예 (연세대학교 소프트웨어디지털헬스케어융합대학 작업치료학과) ;
  • 유은영 (연세대학교 소프트웨어디지털헬스케어융합대학 작업치료학과) ;
  • 홍익표 (연세대학교 소프트웨어디지털헬스케어융합대학 작업치료학과) ;
  • 김정란 (가톨릭관동대학교 휴먼서비스대학 치매전문재활학과) ;
  • 박혜연 (연세대학교 소프트웨어디지털헬스케어융합대학 작업치료학과)
  • Received : 2020.09.27
  • Accepted : 2020.12.02
  • Published : 2021.08.31
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Abstract

Objective : This study aimed to develop evaluation items based on Parten's social play developmental stages to measure social play in preschool children. Methods : Through a literature review, the investigation items according to Parten's social play developmental stages were collected. Two Delphi surveys were conducted using 22 expert panels. An understanding of the contents of the preliminary items was determined via parents of preschool children. The evaluation method was established through an expert advisory meeting. Results : Through data collection and the Delphi survey, a total of 89 items were drawn, including 12 unoccupied behaviors, 7 onlooker behaviors, 14 solitary play, 16 parallel play, 17 associative play, and 23 cooperative play items. The average content validity ratio of the Delphi survey was 0.85. The stability was 0.15. The consensus was 0.78. The final preliminary evaluation items comprised a total of 40 items, including 17 for associative play and 23 for cooperative play. Conclusion : An evaluation items that can measure social play in preschool children was developed, and its content validity was verified. It is expected to be used as an evaluation tool in clinical practice.

목적 : 본 연구는 Parten의 사회적 놀이의 발달 단계를 바탕으로 학령전기 아동의 사회적 놀이를 측정할 수 있는 평가 문항을 개발하고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 문헌 고찰을 통해 Parten의 사회적 놀이의 발달 단계에 따른 조사 문항을 수집하였다. 이후 아동 작업치료 혹은 놀이와 관련된 치료 경력 7년 이상의 전문가 패널 22명을 대상으로 총 2회의 델파이 조사를 실시하였다. 전문가 패널에게 각 조사 문항에 대한 적절성 여부를 평정하게 한 후 학령전기 아동의 보호자를 대상으로 예비 문항의 내용에 대한 이해도 조사를 실시하였다. 보호자의 예비 문항 이해도 조사 후 전문가 자문 회의를 거쳐 평가 방법을 수립하였다. 결과 : 자료 수집과 델파이 조사를 통해 학령전기 아동의 사회적 놀이는 Parten의 사회적 놀이의 발달 단계인 6개 영역(몰입되지 않은 행동, 방관자적 행동, 혼자 놀이, 평행 놀이, 연합 놀이, 협동 놀이)으로 구성하였고, 몰입되지 않은 행동 12문항, 방관자적 행동 7문항, 혼자 놀이 14문항, 평행 놀이 16문항, 연합 놀이 17문항, 협동 놀이 23문항으로 총 89문항이 도출되었다. 델파이 조사의 평균 내용 타당도 비율은 0.85, 안정도 0.15, 합의도 0.78로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 연합 놀이 17문항, 협동 놀이 23문항인 총 40문항을 최종 예비 문항으로 구성하였다. 결론 : 학령전기 아동의 사회적 놀이를 측정할 수 있는 평가 문항을 개발하고 내용 타당도를 검증하였다. 향후에는 평가 문항에 대한 타당도를 검증하여 임상에서 평가도구로써 활용되기를 기대한다.

Keywords

References

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