Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회지)

Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회)
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NO2 and SO2 Reduction Capacities and Their Relation to Leaf Physiological and Morphological Traits in Ten Landscaping Tree Species

조경수 10개 수종에 있어 NO2, SO2 저감 능력과 잎의 생리적, 형태적 특성과의 관계

  • Kim, Kunhyo (Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University) ;
  • Jeon, Jihyeon (Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University) ;
  • Yun, Chan Ju (Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Tae Kyung (Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University) ;
  • Hong, Jeonghyun (Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University) ;
  • Jeon, Gi-Seong (Korea Expressway Corporation Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Hyun Seok (Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Seoul National University)
  • 김근효 (서울대학교 농림생물자원학부 산림환경학전공) ;
  • 전지현 (서울대학교 농림생물자원학부 산림환경학전공) ;
  • 윤찬주 (서울대학교 농림생물자원학부 산림환경학전공) ;
  • 김태경 (서울대학교 농림생물자원학부 산림환경학전공) ;
  • 홍정현 (서울대학교 농림생물자원학부 산림환경학전공) ;
  • 전기성 (한국도로공사 도로교통연구원) ;
  • 김현석 (서울대학교 농림생물자원학부 산림환경학전공)
  • Received : 2021.05.06
  • Accepted : 2021.06.21
  • Published : 2021.09.30
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Abstract

With increasing anthropogenic emission sources, air pollutants are emerging as a severe environmental problem worldwide. Accordingly, the importance of landscape trees is emerging as a potential solution to reduce air pollutants, especially in urban areas. This study quantified and compared NO2 and SO2 reduction abilities of ten major landscape tree species and analyzed the relationship between reduction ability and physiological and morphological characteristics. The results showed NO2 reduction per leaf area was greatest in Cornus officinalis (19.81 ± 3.84 ng cm-2 hr-1) and lowest in Pinus strobus (1.51 ± 0.81 ng cm-2 hr-1). In addition, NO2 reduction by broadleaf species (14.72 ± 1.32 ng cm-2 hr-1) was 3.1-times greater than needleleaf species (4.68 ± 1.26 ng cm-2hr-1; P < 0.001). Further, SO2 reduction per leaf area was greatest in Zelkova serrata (70.04 ± 7.74 ng cm-2 hr-1) and lowest in Pinus strobus (4.79 ± 1.02 ng cm-2 hr-1). Similarly, SO2 reduction by broadleaf species (44.21 ± 5.01 ng cm-2 hr-1) was 3.9-times greater than needleleaf species (11.47 ± 3.03 ng cm-2 hr-1; P < 0.001). Correlation analysis revealed differences in NO2 reduction was best explained by chlorophyll b content (R2 = 0.671, P = 0.003) and SO2 reduction was best described by SLA and length of margin per leaf area (R2 = 0.456, P = 0.032 and R2 = 0.437, P = 0.001, R2 = 0.872, P < 0.001, respectively). In summary, the ability of trees to reduce air pollutants was related to photosynthesis, evapotranspiration, stomatal conductance, and leaf thickness. These findings highlight effective reduction of air pollutants by landscaping trees requires comprehensively analyzing physiological and morphological species characteristics.

운송 산업과 공장 산업으로 인한 대기 중 오염물질의 증가는 전 세계적으로 중요한 환경 문제 중 하나로 떠오르고 있다. 우리나라의 도시 지역은 산업 단지가 밀집되어 있고 인간의 활동이 집중되어 있어 사람들의 건강을 위협하는 대기오염의 피해가 더욱 심각하다. 대기오염물질을 저감하는 친환경 방안으로 조경수의 활용이 각광받고 있으나, 대기 오염 정화 능력이 뛰어난 수종 선정과 조경수의 관리에 대한 연구는 아직 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 주요 조경수 10수종을 대상으로 NO2와 SO2 저감 능력을 정량화하여 비교하였으며, 수종별 생리적, 형태적 특성과 NO2, SO2 저감 능력의 관계를 분석하였다. 실험은 밀폐 챔버를 통해 진행되었으며, 생리적 특성은 엽록소와 카로티노이드 함량을 측정하였고, 형태적 특성은 잎의 넓이, 잎의 둘레, 엽면적비를 측정하였다. 엽면적당 NO2 저감량은 산수유(19.81 ± 3.84 ng cm-2 hr-1)가 가장 높았고 스트로브잣나무(1.51 ± 0.81 ng cm-2 hr-1)가 가장 낮았으며, 활엽수종(14.72 ± 1.32 ng cm-2 hr-1)이 침엽수종(4.68 ± 1.26 ng cm-2 hr-1)보다 약 3.1배 높았다(P < 0.001). 엽면적당 SO2 저감량은 느티나무(70.04 ± 7.74 ng cm-2 hr-1)가 가장 높고 스트로브잣나무(4.79 ± 1.02 ng cm-2 hr-1)가 가장 낮았으며, 활엽수종(44.21 ± 5.01 ng cm-2 hr-1)이 침엽수종(11.47 ± 3.03 ng cm-2 hr-1)보다 약 3.9배 높았다(P < 0.001). 상관관계 분석 결과 NO2 저감능력은 엽록소 b 함량에 의해 가장 잘 설명되었으며(R2 = 0.671, P = 0.003), SO2 저감능력은 SLA와 엽면적당 둘레비에 의해 가장 잘 설명되었다(각각 R2 = 0.456, P = 0.032와 R2 = 0.437, P = 0.001, R2 = 0.872, P < 0.001). 결과적으로, 수목의 대기오염물질 저감 능력은 광합성, 증발산, 기공전도도, 잎의 두께와 관련이 있는 것으로 판단된다. 따라서, 앞으로 조경수 식재를 위해 수종을 선발하는 경우에는 수종의 생리적, 형태적 특성을 종합적으로 고려하고, 기존에 식재된 수목은 건강한 생리적 활성을 유지하도록 지속적인 관리가 필요하다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 한국도로공사 공공용역사업 '고속도로 환경을 고려한 조경수목 식재실험 모니터링 연구'와 산림청(한국임업진흥원) 산림과학기술 연구개발사업(2020185D10-2122-AA02)의 지원으로 수행되었으며, 본 연구를 수행하는데 물심양면으로 도와주신 서울대학교 칠보산 학술림과 그 관계자 분들께 무한한 감사를 표하는 바입니다.

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