DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

NEW CONGRUENCES WITH THE GENERALIZED CATALAN NUMBERS AND HARMONIC NUMBERS

  • Elkhiri, Laid (Department of Mathematics Recits Laboratory USTHB Bab Ezzouar Tiaret University) ;
  • Koparal, Sibel (Department of Mathematics Kocaeli University) ;
  • Omur, Nese (Department of Mathematics Kocaeli University)
  • Received : 2020.04.19
  • Accepted : 2021.06.04
  • Published : 2021.09.30

Abstract

In this paper, we give new congruences with the generalized Catalan numbers and harmonic numbers modulo p2. One of our results is as follows: for prime number p > 3, $${\sum\limits_{k=(p+1)/2}^{p-1}}\;k^2B_{p,k}B_{p,k-(p-1)/2}H_k{\equiv}(-1)^{(p-1)/2}\(-{\frac{521}{36}}p-{\frac{1}{p}}-{\frac{41}{12}}+pH^2_{3(p-1)/2}-10pq^2_p(2)+4\({\frac{10}{3}}p+1\)q_p(2)\)\;(mod\;p^2),$$ where qp(2) is Fermat quotient.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The author would like to thank the referee for carefully reading the paper and valuable comments to improve its presentation.

References

  1. N. H. Abel, Untersuchungen uber die Reihe $1+{\frac{m}{1}}x+{\frac{m(m-1)}{1.2}}x^2+{\frac{m(m-1)(m-2)}{1.2.3}}x^3+{\cdot}{\cdot}{\cdot}$, J. Reine Angew. Math. 1 (1826), 311-339. https://doi.org/10.1515/crll.1826.1.311
  2. H. Alzer, D. Karayannakis, and H. M. Srivastava, Series representations for some mathematical constants, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 320 (2006), no. 1, 145-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2005.06.059
  3. X. Chen and W. Chu, Moments on Catalan numbers, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 349 (2009), no. 2, 311-316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2008.08.042
  4. J. Choi and H. M. Srivastava, Some summation formulas involving harmonic numbers and generalized harmonic numbers, Math. Comput. Modelling 54 (2011), no. 9-10, 2220-2234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcm.2011.05.032
  5. E. Deutsch and L. Shapiro, A survey of the Fine numbers, Discrete Math. 241 (2001), no. 1-3, 241-265. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-365X(01)00121-2
  6. D. H. Greene and D. E. Knuth, Mathematics for the analysis of algorithms, third edition, Progress in Computer Science and Applied Logic, 1, Birkhauser Boston, Inc., Boston, MA, 1990. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-8176-4729-2
  7. V. J. W. Guo and J. Zeng, Factors of binomial sums from the Catalan triangle, J. Number Theory 130 (2010), no. 1, 172-186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnt.2009.07.005
  8. J. M. Gutierrez, M. A. Hernandez, P. J. Miana, and N. Romero, New identities in the Catalan triangle, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 341 (2008), no. 1, 52-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2007.09.073
  9. P. Hilton and J. Pedersen, Catalan numbers, their generalization, and their uses, Math. Intelligencer 13 (1991), no. 2, 64-75. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03024089
  10. S. Koparal and N. Omur, On congruences involving the generalized Catalan numbers and harmonic numbers, Bull. Korean Math. Soc. 56 (2019), no. 3, 649-658. https://doi.org/10.4134/BKMS.b180454
  11. E. Lehmer, On congruences involving Bernoulli numbers and the quotients of Fermat and Wilson, Ann. of Math. (2) 39 (1938), no. 2, 350-360. https://doi.org/10.2307/1968791
  12. P. J. Miana and N. Romero, Computer proofs of new identities in the Catalan triangle, in Proceedings of the "Segundas Jornadas de Teoria de Numeros", 203-208, Bibl. Rev. Mat. Iberoamericana, Rev. Mat. Iberoamericana, Madrid, 2008.
  13. N. Omur and S. Koparal, Some congruences involving numbers Bp,k-d, Util. Math. 95 (2014), 307-317.
  14. L. W. Shapiro, A Catalan triangle, Discrete Math. 14 (1976), no. 1, 83-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-365X(76)90009-1
  15. J. Spiess, Some identities involving harmonic numbers, Math. Comp. 55 (1990), no. 192, 839-863. https://doi.org/10.2307/2008451
  16. Z.-H. Sun, Congruences concerning Bernoulli numbers and Bernoulli polynomials, Discrete Appl. Math. 105 (2000), no. 1-3, 193-223. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-218X(00)00184-0
  17. Z.-W. Sun, On harmonic numbers and Lucas sequences, Publ. Math. Debrecen 80 (2012), no. 1-2, 25-41. https://doi.org/10.5486/PMD.2012.4809
  18. Z.-W. Sun, Arithmetic theory of harmonic numbers, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 140 (2012), no. 2, 415-428. https://doi.org/10.1090/S0002-9939-2011-10925-0
  19. J. Wolstenholme, On certain properties of prime numbers, Quart. J. Math. 5 (1862), 35-39.