DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Review of the Literature on Level of Biological Exposure and Trends in Possible and Probable Occupational Disease among Chromium Workers

크롬 직업병 유소견자와 요관찰자 추이 및 취급 근로자의 생물학적 노출수준 고찰

  • Park, Sang-il (Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Soonchunhyang University) ;
  • Kim, Nam-Soo (Department of Preventive Medicine & Institute of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University) ;
  • Hwangbo, Young (Department of Preventive Medicine & Institute of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University) ;
  • Kim, Hwa-Sung (Department of Preventive Medicine & Institute of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University) ;
  • Lee, Sung-Soo (Department of Preventive Medicine & Institute of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University) ;
  • Kim, Yong-Bae (Department of Preventive Medicine & Institute of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University)
  • 박상일 (순천향대학교 대학원 의과학과) ;
  • 김남수 (순천향대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실 및 환경산업의학연구소) ;
  • 황보영 (순천향대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실 및 환경산업의학연구소) ;
  • 김화성 (순천향대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실 및 환경산업의학연구소) ;
  • 이성수 (순천향대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실 및 환경산업의학연구소) ;
  • 김용배 (순천향대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실 및 환경산업의학연구소)
  • Received : 2021.07.07
  • Accepted : 2021.09.11
  • Published : 2021.09.30

Abstract

Objectives: This study identifies the trends in possible and probable occupational disease among chromium workers and reviews the literature on domestic and foreign chromium workers to review the industries, biological exposure levels, and major results. Methods: The results of the Ministry of Employment and Labor's special health-screening program for hazard agents among workers from 2009 to 2019 were used. Also, the industries, biological exposure levels, and major results on chromium workers were reviewed using PubMed and RISS. Results: The average annual proportion of both possible and probable occupational disease for chromium workers has recently increased. The average annual proportion of possible and probable occupational disease that can occur was high for both men and women in their 60s or older by age and 10 to 14 years by work duration. By industry, possible occupational disease showed high in manufacturing. In the literature review, many electroplating-related chromium-workers reported high levels of exposure to blood and urine chromium, as did dental technicians; tannery, tile factory or glass mill workers; cement workers; and sodium bichromate workers. Furthermore, a number of main findings in recent studies have reported that chromium exposure is related to genetic toxicity among workers. Conclusions: In this study, the average annual rate of both possible and probable occupational disease in domestic chromium workers is increasing, and a body of literature shows that chromium exposure is related to genetic toxicity and associated indicators among workers, which requires more systematic study.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 순천향대학교 학술연구비 지원으로 수행하였음.

References

  1. Ambreen K, Khan FH, Bhadauria S, Kumar S. Genotoxicity and oxidative stress in chromium-exposed tannery workers in North India. Toxicol Ind Health 2014; 30(5):405-14 https://doi.org/10.1177/0748233712457447
  2. Bai Y, Long C, Hu G, Zhou D, Gao X et al. Association of blood chromium and rare earth elements with the risk of DNA damage in chromate exposed population. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2019;72: 103237 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etap.2019.103237
  3. Balachandar V, Arun M, Mohana Devi S, Velmurugan P, Manikantan P et al. Evaluation of the genetic alterations in direct and indirect exposures of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] in leather tanning industry workers North Arcot District, South India. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2010;83(7):791-801 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-010-0562-y
  4. Beattie H, Keen C, Coldwell M, Tan E, Morton J et al. The use of bio-monitoring to assess exposure in the electroplating industry. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2017;27(1):47-55 https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2015.67
  5. Berniyanti T, Palupi R, Kriswandini IL, Bramantoro T, Putri IL. Suitability of MDA, 8-OHdG and wild-type p53 as genotoxic biomarkers in metal (Co, Ni and Cr) exposed dental technicians: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2020;20(1):65 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-020-1049-1
  6. Brooks B, O'Brien BJ, Ceryak S, Wise Sr JP, Wise SS et al. Excision repair is required for genotoxin-induced mutagenesis in mammalian cells. Carcinogenesis 2008;28:1064-1069
  7. Browning CL, Qin Q, Kelly DF, Prakash R, Vanoli F et al. Prolonged particulate hexavalent chromium exposure suppresses homologous recombination repair in human lung cells. Toxicol Sci 2016;153(1): 70-78 https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfw103
  8. Cha SS, A study on the heavy metals concentrations in the air of the dental laboratories, in the blood and urine of dental laboratory technicians. Journal of Technologic Dentistry 1988;10(1):11-24
  9. Chou TC, Wang PC, Wu JD, Sheu SC. Chromium-induced skin damage among Taiwanese cement workers. Toxicol Ind Health. 2016;32(10):1745-51 https://doi.org/10.1177/0748233715584699
  10. Goldoni M, Caglieri A, De Palma G, Acampa O, Gergelova P et al. Chromium in exhaled breath condensate (EBC), erythrocytes, plasma and urine in the biomonitoring of chrome-plating workers exposed to soluble Cr(VI). J Environ Monit 2010;12(2):442-7 https://doi.org/10.1039/B914673C
  11. Halasova E, Matakova T, Musak L, Polakova V, Letkova L et al. Evaluating chromosomal damage in workers exposed to hexavalent chromium and the modulating role of polymorphisms of DNA repair genes. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2012;85(5):473-81 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-011-0684-x
  12. Hu G, Li P, Cui X, Li Y, Zhang J et al. Cr(VI)-induced methylation and down-regulation of DNA repair genes and its association with markers of genetic damage in workers and 16HBE cells. Environ Pollut 2018;238:833-843 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.03.046
  13. Hu G, Long C, Hu L, Xu BP, Chen T et al. Circulating lead modifies hexavalent chromium-induced genetic damage in a chromate-exposed population: An epidemiological study. Science of the Total Environment 2021;752:14182
  14. Hu G, Wang T, Liu J, Chen Z, Zhong L et al. Serum protein expression profiling and bioinformatics analysis in workers occupationally exposed to chromium (VI). Toxicol Lett 2017;277:76-83 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.05.026
  15. Jia J, Li T, Yao C, Chen J, Feng L, Jiang Z et al. Circulating differential miRNAs profiling and expression in hexavalent chromium exposed electroplating workers. Chemosphere 2020;260:127546 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127546
  16. Junaid M, Hashmi MZ, Malik RN. Evaluating levels and health risk of heavy metals in exposed workers from surgical instrument manufacturing industries of Sialkot, Pakistan. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23(18):18010-26 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6849-0
  17. Jeong EG, Ha GC. Development of occupational and industrial health guide and occupational health summary for manufacturing plan. Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute Research.; 2018. p. 190-443
  18. Kargar Shouroki F, Shahtaheri SJ, Golbabaei F, Barkhordari A, Rahimi-Froushani A. Biological Monitoring and Lung Function Assessment among Workers Exposed to Chromium in the Ceramic Industry. J Res Health Sci 2018;18(1):e00408
  19. Khan DA, Mushtaq S, Khan FA, Khan MQ. Toxic effects of chromium on tannery workers at Sialkot (Pakistan). Toxicol Ind Health 2013;29(2):209-15 https://doi.org/10.1177/0748233711430974
  20. Kim KW, Kim KS, Park IJ, Kang SK, Oh SS et al. Effects of occupational chromium exposure on plasma homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12 concentration. J Korean Soc Occup Environ Hyg 2006;16(2):245-253
  21. Kim NS, Kim YB. Relationship of Follow-up Management, Trend of Possible Occupational Disease and Probable Occupational Disease: Focusing on Lead or Cadmium Workers. J Korean Soc Occup Environ Hyg 2020;30(4):378-386
  22. Kim JI, Kim JH, Kang DM, Kim JW, Kim JE et al. Epidemiologic characteristics of occupational lung cancer in the Busan area. Korean J Occup Environ Med, 2005;18(1):53-58 https://doi.org/10.35371/kjoem.2006.18.1.53
  23. Lee JT, Shin YC. Relationship between worker's exposure to airborne chromium and blood and urine chromium levels in plating process. J Korean Soc Occup Environ Hyg 2001;27(3):1-10
  24. Leese E, Morton J, Gardiner PHE, Carolan VA. The simultaneous detection of trivalent & hexavalent chromium in exhaled breath condensate: A feasibility study comparing workers and controls. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2017;220(2 Pt B):415-423 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.12.003
  25. Li Y, Li P, Yu S, Zhang J, Wang T et al. miR-3940-5p associated with genetic damage in workers exposed to hexavalent chromium. Toxicol Lett 2014;229(1): 319-26 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2014.06.033
  26. Li P, Li Y, Zhang J, Yu SF, Wang ZL et al. Establishment of a reference value for chromium in the blood for biological monitoring among occupational chromium workers. Toxicol Ind Health 2016;32(10):1737-44 https://doi.org/10.1177/0748233715580227
  27. Maeng SH, Yu IJ, Kim HY, Lee KS, Im CH et al. A study on genetic and oxidative damage by metallic compounds. Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute Research.; 2001. p. 33-34
  28. Maeng SH, Lee YM, Yu IJ, Im CH, Lee KY et al. A study on the genotoxicity of industrial chemicals -Chromosomal rearrangements in chromium exposed workers using fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH). Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute Research.; 1999. p. 33-34
  29. Ministry of Employment and Labor(MoEL). Results of workers' health examination in 2016.; 2016. p. 41-173
  30. Ministry of Employment and Labor(MoEL). Results of workers' health examination in 2019.; 2019. p. 39-171
  31. Ministry of Employment(MoE). Results report for chemicals statistic survey; 2019 [Accessed 2021 July 27]. Available from: https://kosis.kr/statisticsList/statistics ListIndex.do?menuId=M_01_01&vwcd=MT_ZTITLE&parmTabId=M_01_01&outLink=Y&entrType=#content-group
  32. Nickens KP, Patierno SR, Ceryak S. Chromium genotoxicity: a double-edged sword. Chem Biol Interact 2010;188:276-288 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2010.04.018
  33. Pan CH, Jeng HA, Lai CH. Biomarkers of oxidative stress in electroplating workers exposed to hexavalent chromium. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2018;28(1):76-83 https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2016.85
  34. Proctor PM, Suh M, Campleman SL, Thompson CM. Assessment of the mode of action for hexavalent chromium-induced lung cancer following inhalation exposures. Toxicology 2014;325:160-179 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2014.08.009
  35. Roh JH, Won JU, Choi HC, Cho KH, Kim CN. A study on plans for applying BEI of chemicals in Korea. Ulsan; Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute Research.; 2007. p. 209-224
  36. Srigboh RK, Basu N, Stephens J, Asampong E, Perkins M et al. Multiple elemental exposures amongst workers at the Agbogbloshie electronic waste (e-waste) site in Ghana. Chemosphere 2016;164:68-74 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.089
  37. Su TY, Pan CH, Hsu YT, Lai CH. Effects of Heavy Metal Exposure on Shipyard Welders: A Cautionary Note for 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019;16(23):4813 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234813
  38. Tsuchiyama T, Tazaki A, Hossain MM, Yajima I, Ahsan N et al. Increased levels of renal damage biomarkers caused by excess exposure totrivalent chromium in workers in tanneries. Environmental Research 2020;188:109770 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.109770
  39. Urbano AM, Ferreira LM, Alpoim MC. Molecular and cellular mechanisms of hexavalent chromium-induced lung cancer: an updated perspective. Curr Drug Metabol 2012;13:284-305 https://doi.org/10.2174/138920012799320464
  40. Wang TC, Feng WY, Kuang D, Deng QF, Zhang WZ et al. The effects of heavy metals and their interactions with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on the oxidative stress among coke-oven workers. Environ Res 2015;140:405-13 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2015.04.013
  41. Wang TC, Jia G, Zhang J, Ma YH, Feng WY et al. Renal impairment caused by chronic occupational chromate exposure. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2011;84(4):393-401 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-010-0569-4
  42. Wang TC, Jia G, Zhang J, Ma YH, Liu LZ et al. Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency and elevated plasma total homocysteine in workers with chronic exposure to chromate. Occup Environ Med 2011;68(12):870-5 https://doi.org/10.1136/oem.2010.063305
  43. Wang TC, Jia G, Song YS, Zhang J, Ma YH et al. Effects of chronic chromate exposure on human serum prostate specific antigen: a cross sectional study. Ind Health 2012;50(2):95-102 https://doi.org/10.2486/indhealth.MS1278
  44. Wang TC, Song YS, Yu SF, Zhang J, Wang H et al. Association of folate deficiency and selected tumor marker concentrations in long-term hexavalent chromium exposed population. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2014;217(1):88-94 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2013.03.013
  45. Xia H, Ying S, Feng L, Wang H, Yao C et al. Decreased 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (hOGG1) expression and DNA oxidation damage induced by Cr (VI). Chem Biol Interact 2019;299:44-51 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2018.11.019
  46. Yang L, Xia B, Yang X, Ding H, Wu D et al. Mitochondrial DNA hypomethylation in chrome plating workers. Toxicol Lett 2016;243:1-6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.11.031
  47. Zhang XH, Zhang X, Wang XC, Jin LF, Yang ZP et al. Chronic occupational exposure to hexavalent chromium causes DNA damage in electroplating workers. BMC Public Health 2011;11:224 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-224
  48. Zhang XH, Zhang X, Zhang L, Chen Q, Yang Z et al. XRCC1 Arg399Gln was associated with repair capacity for DNA damage induced by occupational chromium exposure. BMC Res. Notes 2012;5:263 https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-5-263