Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters (한국미생물·생명공학회지)

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Climate Factors and Their Effects on the Prevalence of Rhinovirus Infection in Cheonan, Korea

  • Lim, Dong Kyu (Department of Medical Laser, Dankook University Graduate School of Medicine) ;
  • Jung, Bo Kyeung (Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Jae Kyung (Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Dankook University)
  • Received : 2020.11.17
  • Accepted : 2021.02.14
  • Published : 2021.09.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The use of big data may facilitate the recognition and interpretation of causal relationships between disease occurrence and climatic variables. Considering the immense contribution of rhinoviruses in causing respiratory infections, in this study, we examined the effects of various climatic variables on the seasonal epidemiology of rhinovirus infections in the temperate climate of Cheonan, Korea. Trends in rhinovirus detection were analyzed based on 9,010 tests performed between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2018, at Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea. Seasonal patterns of rhinovirus detection frequency were compared with the local climatic variables for the same period. Rhinovirus infection was the highest in children under 10 years of age, and climatic variables influenced the infection rate. Temperature, wind chill temperature, humidity, and particulate matter significantly affected rhinovirus detection. Temperature and wind chill temperature were higher on days on which rhinovirus infection was detected than on which it was not. Conversely, particulate matter was lower on days on which rhinovirus was detected. Atmospheric pressure and particulate matter showed a negative relationship with rhinovirus detection, whereas temperature, wind chill temperature, and humidity showed a positive relationship. Rhinovirus infection was significantly related to climatic factors such as temperature, wind chill temperature, atmospheric pressure, humidity, and particulate matter. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to find a relationship between daily temperatures/wind chill temperatures and rhinovirus infection over an extended period.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (grant number: R-2020-00217). The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

References

  1. Rotbart HA. 2002. Treatment of picornavirus infections. Antiviral Res. 53: 83-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-3542(01)00206-6
  2. Van Kempen M, Bachert C, van Cauwenberge P. 1999. An update on the pathophysiology of upper respiratory tract infections. Rhinology 37: 97-103.
  3. Makela MJ, Puhakka T, Ruuskanen O, Leinonen M, Saikku P, Kimpimaki M, et al. 1998. Viruses and bacteria in the etiology of common cold. J. Clin. Microbiol. 36: 539-542. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.36.2.539-542.1998
  4. Miller MJ. 1997. Viral taxonomy. Clin. Infect. Dis. 25: 18-19. https://doi.org/10.1086/514508
  5. Park JS. 2009. Acute viral lower respiratory tract infections in children. Korean J. Pediatr. 52: 269-276. https://doi.org/10.3345/kjp.2009.52.3.269
  6. Choi EH, Lee HJ, Kim SJ, Eun BW, Kim NH, Lee JA, et al. 2006. The association of newly identified respiratory viruses with lower respiratory tract infections in Korean children, 2000-2005. Clin. Infect. Dis. 43: 585-592. https://doi.org/10.1086/506350
  7. Gwaltney JM, Hendley JO, Simon G, Jordan WS. 1967. Rhinovirus infections in an industrial population. II. Characteristics of illness and antibody response. JAMA 202: 494-500. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1967.03130190100014
  8. Turner RB. 2001. Treatment of rhinovirus infections: progress and potential. Antiviral Res. 49: 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-3542(00)00135-2
  9. Rivers MN, Alexander JL, Rohde RE, Pierce JR. 2009. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in Texas: 1993-2006. South Med. J. 102: 36-41. https://doi.org/10.1097/SMJ.0b013e318187d06f
  10. Sloan C, Moore ML, Hartert T. 2011. Impact of pollution, climate, and sociodemographic factors on spatiotemporal dynamics of seasonal respiratory viruses. Clin. Transl. Sci. 4: 48-54. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-8062.2010.00257.x
  11. Jacobs SE, Lamson DM, St George K, Walsh TJ. 2013. Human rhinoviruses. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 26: 135-162. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00077-12
  12. Rotbart HA, Hayden FG. 2000. Picorna virus infections: a primer for the practitioner. Arch. Fam. Med. 9: 913-920. https://doi.org/10.1001/archfami.9.9.913
  13. Turner RB. 1998. The common cold. Pediatr. Ann. 27: 790-795. https://doi.org/10.3928/0090-4481-19981201-06
  14. Tyrrell DA, Cohen S, Schlarb JE. 1993. Signs and symptoms in common colds. Epidemiol. Infect. 111: 143-156. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268800056764
  15. Bardin PG, Fraenkel DJ, Sanderson G, Dorward M, Lau LC, Johnston SL, et al. 1994. Amplified rhinovirus colds in atopic subjects. Clin. Exp. Allergy 24: 457-464. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1994.tb00934.x
  16. Turner RB, Hendley JO, Gwaltney JM. 1982. Shedding of infected ciliated epithelial cells in rhinovirus colds. J. Infect. Dis. 145: 849-853. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/145.6.849
  17. Gern JE. 2010. The ABCs of rhinoviruses, wheezing, and asthma. J. Virol. 84: 7418-7426. https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.02290-09
  18. Ikaheimo TM, Jaakkola K, Jokelainen J, Saukkoriipi A, Roivainen M, Juvonen R, et al. 2016. A decrease in temperature and humidity precedes human rhinovirus infections in a cold climate. Viruses 8: 244. https://doi.org/10.3390/v8090244
  19. Lambkin-Williams R, Noulin N, Mann A, Catchpole A, Gilbert AS. 2018. The human viral challenge model: accelerating the evaluation of respiratory antivirals, vaccines, and novel diagnostics. Respir. Res. 19: 123. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-018-0784-1
  20. He Y, Lin GY, Wang Q, Cai XY, Zhang YH, Lin CX, et al. 2014. A 3-year prospective study of the epidemiology of acute respiratory viral infections in hospitalized children in Shenzhen, China. Influenza Other Respir. Viruses. 8: 443-451. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12257
  21. Lee HK, Lee MJ, Mun SK, Kim WH, Cho HG, Yoon MH, et al. 2012. Serotype distribution of human respiratory adenovirus isolated in Gyeonggi Province. Korean J. Microbiol. 48: 175-179. https://doi.org/10.7845/KJM.2012.018
  22. Lee JY. 2005. Between life and death of the virus, pp. 278. 1st Ed. Jiho Publishing, Seoul. Korea.
  23. Gern JE, Swenson C, Shen G, Busse WW. 1997. Rhinovirus infection preferentially increases lower airway responsiveness in allergic subjects. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 155: 1872-1876. https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.155.6.9196088
  24. Puhakka T, Makela MJ, Alanen A, Kalio T, Korsof L, Arstila P, et al. 1998. Sinusitis in the common cold. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 102: 403-408. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0091-6749(98)70127-7
  25. Gwaltney JM, Miller RD, Riker DK. 1994. Computed tomographic study of the common cold. N. Engl. J. Med. 330: 25-30. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199401063300105
  26. Pitkaranta A, Savolainen S, Povry T, Suomalainen I, Hyypia T, Carpen O, et al. 2001. Rhinovirus RNA in the maxillary sinus epithelium of adult patients with acute sinusitis. Clin. Infect. Dis. 33: 909-911. https://doi.org/10.1086/322678
  27. Rodrigues AF, Santos AM, Ferreira AM, Marino R, Barreira ME, Cabeda JM. 2019. Year-long rhinovirus infection is influenced by atmospheric conditions, outdoor air virus presence, and immune system-related genetic polymorphisms. Food Environ. Virol. 11: 340-349. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12560-019-09397-x
  28. Hung HM, Yang SL, Chen CJ, Chiu CH, Kuo CY, Huang KYA, et al. 2019. Molecular epidemiology and clinical features of rhinovirus infections among hospitalized patients in a medical center in Taiwan. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. 52: 233-241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2018.08.009
  29. Ng KT, Oong XY, Lim SH, Chook JB, Takebe Y, Chan YF, et al. 2018. Viral load and sequence analysis reveal the symptom severity, diversity, and transmission clusters of rhinovirus infections. Clin. Infect. Dis. 67: 261-268. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciy063
  30. Liu Y, Guo Y, Wang C, Li W, Lu J, Shen S, et al. 2015. Association between temperature change and outpatient visits for respiratory tract infections among children in Guangzhou, China. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 12: 439-454. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120100439
  31. Vandini S, Corvaglia L, Alessandroni R, Aquilano G, Marsico C, Spinelli M, et al. 2013. Respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants and correlation with meteorological factors and air pollutants. Ital. J. Pediatr. 39: 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/1824-7288-39-1
  32. Liu Y, Xie S, Yu Q, Huo X, Ming X, Wang J, et al. 2017. Short-term effects of ambient air pollution on pediatric outpatient visits for respiratory diseases in Yichang city, China. Environ. Pollut. 227: 116-124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.04.029
  33. Zhu L, Ge X, Chen Y, Zeng X, Pan W, Zhang X, et al. 2017. Short-term effects of ambient air pollution and childhood lower respiratory diseases. Sci. Rep. 7: 4414. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-04310-7
  34. Jeon W, Kim H. 2016. Associations of air pollution on asthma hospitalization in Seoul and Shanghai. Korean J. Public Health. 53: 17-26. https://doi.org/10.17262/KJPH.2016.03.53.1.17
  35. Oh JS, Park SH, Kwak MK, Pyo CH, Park KH, Kim HB, et al. 2017. Ambient particulate matter and emergency department visit for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J. Korean Soc. Emerg. Med. 28: 32-39.
  36. Chen G, Zhang W, Li S, Zhang Y, Williams G, Huxley R, et al. 2017. The impact of ambient fine particles on influenza transmission and the modification effects of temperature in China: a multi-city study. Environ. Int. 98: 82-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2016.10.004
  37. Ciencewicki J, Jaspers I. 2007. Air pollution and respiratory viral infection. Inhal. Toxicol. 19: 1135-1146. https://doi.org/10.1080/08958370701665434
  38. Shin DC. 2007. Health effects of ambient particulate matter. J. Korean Med. Assoc. 50: 175-182. https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2007.50.2.175
  39. Cheon JM, Yang YJ, Yoon SK, Lee ES, Lee JH, Huh Y, et al. 2019. Influence of fine particulate dust particulate matter 10 on respiratory virus infection in the Republic of Korea. Korean J. Fam. Pract. 9: 454-459. https://doi.org/10.21215/kjfp.2019.9.5.454
  40. Yeo NK, Hwang YJ, Kim ST, Kwon HJ, Jang YJ. 2010. Asian sand dust enhances rhinovirus-induced cytokine secretion and viral replication in human nasal epithelial cells. Inhal. Toxicol. 22: 1038-1045. https://doi.org/10.3109/08958378.2010.516282