Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship (벤처창업연구)

The Korean Society of Business Venturing (한국벤처창업학회)
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A Study on the Effect of SMEs' Organizational Culture and Self-Efficacy on Job Crafting and Job Satisfaction

소기업의 조직문화와 자기효능감이 잡 크래프팅과 직무만족도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

  • 배근수 (호서대학교 벤처대학원 정보경영학과) ;
  • 허철무 (호서대학교 벤처대학원 정보경영학과)
  • Received : 2021.08.17
  • Accepted : 2021.10.25
  • Published : 2021.10.31
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Abstract

This study tried to verify the causal relationship that SMEs' organizational culture and self-efficacy would affect job crafting and job satisfaction. Unlike previous domestic studies that have been studied for organizational culture at the organizational level and self-efficacy at the individual level, this study tried to verify the interaction between job crafting and job satisfaction using different mechanisms as antecedent factors. In order to verify the research model of this study, questionnaires of 144 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) workers located in Seoul and metropolitan areas were analyzed. Factor analysis and correlation analysis were performed to verify the reliability and validity of the research model on the relationship between variables, and empirical analysis was performed using regression analysis and mediation effect analysis to verify the hypothesis. The results of the study were first, that organizational culture and self-efficacy had a positive (+) effect on job crafting. On the other hand, relationship-oriented culture and hierarchical-oriented culture, which are sub-factors of organizational culture, were found to be insignificant. Second, organizational culture and self-efficacy were found to have a positive (+) effect on job satisfaction. On the other hand, it was found that market-oriented culture and hierarchical-oriented culture, which are sub-factors of organizational culture, were not significant. Third, job crafting was found to have a positive (+) effect on job satisfaction. On the other hand, it was found that the sub-factors of job crafting, disruptive job demands and social job resources, were not significant. This means that organizational culture partially affects job crafting and job satisfaction of SMEs, and job crafting also partially affects job satisfaction. The implications of this study are first, suggesting the meaning of SME organizational culture for stable and efficient human resource management for SMEs suffering from low productivity and high turnover rate. Second, it was meaningful to understand the possibility of introducing job crafting as an effective job management plan for SMEs. Third, in the current situation where there are few cases of practical introduction of job crafting, research on understanding job crafting for SMEs and improving job satisfaction is thought to be helpful in improving the productivity of SMEs.

본 연구에서는 중소기업의 조직문화와 자기효능감이 잡 크래프팅과 직무만족도에 영향을 미칠 것이라는 인과적 관계를 검증하고자 하였다. 조직 차원의 조직문화와 개인 차원의 자기효능감으로 각각 연구되어 오던 기존의 국내 선행연구들과 달리 서로 상이한 기제를 선행요인으로 잡 크래프팅과 직무만족도의 상호작용을 검증하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 연구모형을 검증하기 위해 서울 및 수도권 소재 중소기업 근로자 144명의 설문을 분석하였다. 변수 간의 관계에 대한 연구모형의 신뢰성과 타당성을 검증하기 위해 요인분석 및 상관관계 분석을 시행하였고, 가설의 검증을 위해 회귀분석 및 매개효과분석을 사용하여 실증분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과는 첫째, 조직문화와 자기효능감은 잡 크래프팅에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 조직문화의 하위요인인 관계지향문화와 위계지향문화는 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 조직문화와 자기효능감은 직무만족도에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 조직문화의 하위요인인 시장지향문화와 위계지향문화는 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 잡 크래프팅은 직무만족도에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 잡 크래프팅의 하위요인인 방해적 직무요구와 사회적 직무자원은 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 조직문화는 중소기업의 잡 크래프팅과 직무만족도에 부분적 영향을 미치며, 잡 크래프팅 또한 직무만족도에 부분적 영향을 미친다는 것을 의미한다. 본 연구의 시사점은 첫째, 낮은 생산성과 높은 이직률로 고민하는 중소기업에 안정적이고 효율적인 인적자원 운영을 위한 중소기업 조직문화의 의미를 제시하였다. 둘째, 중소기업의 효과적인 직무관리방안으로 잡 크래프팅의 도입 가능성을 파악하게 되어 의미가 있었다. 셋째, 현재 잡 크래프팅에 대한 실질적인 도입을 한 사례가 미미한 상황에서 중소기업을 대상으로 한 잡 크래프팅의 이해와 직무만족도 향상을 위한 연구는 중소기업의 생산성 향상에 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다.

Keywords

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