Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
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Interplay between the Gut Microbiome and Metabolism in Ulcerative Colitis Mice Treated with the Dietary Ingredient Phloretin

  • Ren, Jie (School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University) ;
  • Li, Puze (School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University) ;
  • Yan, Dong (School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University) ;
  • Li, Min (School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University) ;
  • Qi, Jinsong (Department of Interventation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University) ;
  • Wang, Mingyong (Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University) ;
  • Zhong, Genshen (Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University) ;
  • Wu, Minna (School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University)
  • Received : 2021.04.28
  • Accepted : 2021.08.06
  • Published : 2021.10.28
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Abstract

A growing number of healthy dietary ingredients in fruits and vegetables have been shown to exhibit diverse biological activities. Phloretin, a dihydrochalcone flavonoid that is abundant in apples and pears, has anti-inflammatory effects on ulcerative colitis (UC) mice. The gut microbiota and metabolism are closely related to each other due to the existence of the food-gut axis in the human colon. To investigate the interplay of faecal metabolites and the microbiota in UC mice after phloretin treatment, phloretin (60 mg/kg) was administered by gavage to ameliorate dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC in mice. Gut microbes and faecal metabolite profiles were detected by high-throughput sequencing and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis, respectively. The correlations between gut microbes and their metabolites were evaluated by Spearman correlation coefficients. The results indicated that phloretin reshaped the disturbed faecal metabolite profile in UC mice and improved the metabolic pathways by balancing the composition of faecal metabolites such as norepinephrine, mesalazine, tyrosine, 5-acetyl-2,4-dimethyloxazole, and 6-acetyl-2,3-dihydro-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4(1H)-pyridinone. Correlation analysis identified the relations between the gut microbes and their metabolites. Proteus was negatively related to many faecal metabolites, such as norepinephrine, L-tyrosine, laccarin, dopamine glucuronide, and 5-acetyl-2,4-dimethyloxazole. The abundance of unidentified Bacteriodales_S24-7_group was positively related to ecgonine, 15-KETE and 6-acetyl-2,3-dihydro-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4(1H)-pyridinone. The abundance of Christensenellaceae_R-7_group was negatively related to the levels of 15-KETE and netilmicin. Stenotrophomonas and 15-KETE were negatively related, while Intestinimonas and alanyl-serine were positively related. In conclusion, phloretin treatment had positive impacts on faecal metabolites in UC mice, and the changes in faecal metabolites were closely related to the gut microbiota.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by Key Scientific and Technological Research Projects in Henan Province [No. 192102310169]; and the Program for Innovative Research Team (in Science and Technology) in Universities of Henan Province [No. 20IRTSTHN030].

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