The korean journal of orthodontics (대한치과교정학회지)

The Korean Association Of Orthodontists (대한치과교정학회)
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Differences in the heritability of craniofacial skeletal and dental characteristics between twin pairs with skeletal Class I and II malocclusions

  • Park, Heon-Mook (Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Pil-Jong (Biomedical Knowledge Engineering Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University) ;
  • Sung, Joohon (Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Seoul National University) ;
  • Song, Yun-Mi (Department of Family Medicine, Samsung Medical Center and Center for Clinical Research, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine) ;
  • Kim, Hong-Gee (Biomedical Knowledge Engineering Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Young Ho (Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Oral Health Science, Ajou University School of Medicine) ;
  • Baek, Seung-Hak (Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University)
  • Received : 2020.11.24
  • Accepted : 2021.01.11
  • Published : 2021.11.25
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Abstract

Objective: To investigate differences in the heritability of skeletodental characteristics between twin pairs with skeletal Class I and Class II malocclusions. Methods: Forty Korean adult twin pairs were divided into Class I (C-I) group (0° ≤ angle between point A, nasion, and point B [ANB]) ≤ 4°; mean age, 40.7 years) and Class II (C-II) group (ANB > 4°; mean age, 43.0 years). Each group comprised 14 monozygotic and 6 dizygotic twin pairs. Thirty-three cephalometric variables were measured using lateral cephalograms and were categorized as the anteroposterior, vertical, dental, mandible, and cranial base characteristics. The ACE model was used to calculate heritability (A > 0.7, high heritability). Thereafter, principal component analysis (PCA) was performed. Results: Twin pairs in C-I group exhibited high heritability values in the facial anteroposterior characteristics, inclination of the maxillary and mandibular incisors, mandibular body length, and cranial base angles. Twin pairs in C-II group showed high heritability values in vertical facial height, ramus height, effective mandibular length, and cranial base length. PCA extracted eight components with 88.3% in the C-I group and seven components with 91.0% cumulative explanation in the C-II group. Conclusions: Differences in the heritability of skeletodental characteristics between twin pairs with skeletal Class I and II malocclusions might provide valuable information for growth prediction and treatment planning.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We would like to appreciate Dr. Eung-Min Kim's help in digitizing the cephalometric landmarks.

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