Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters (한국미생물·생명공학회지)

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
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Potential Probiotic Characteristics and Safety Assessment of Lactobacillus rhamnosus SKG34 Isolated from Sumbawa Mare's Milk

  • Sujaya, I Nengah (School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana) ;
  • Suwardana, Gede Ngurah Rsi (Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana) ;
  • Gotoh, Kazuyoshi (Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University) ;
  • Sumardika, I Wayan (Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana) ;
  • Nocianitri, Komang Ayu (School of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Udayana) ;
  • Sriwidyani, Ni Putu (Department of Pathology Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana) ;
  • Putra, I Wayan Gede Artawan Eka (School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana) ;
  • Sakaguchi, Masakiyo (Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University) ;
  • Fatmawati, Ni Nengah Dwi (Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana)
  • Received : 2021.11.09
  • Accepted : 2022.02.04
  • Published : 2022.03.28
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Abstract

Lactobacillus rhamnosus SKG34 (LrSKG34), a potential probiotic strain, was successfully isolated from Sumbawa Mare's milk. Our previous studies showed that the strain is resistant to gastrointestinal conditions, possesses antioxidant activity, and lowers blood cholesterol levels. Further clarification of the potential probiotic characteristics and safety assessment are necessary. This study aimed to evaluate the adhesion of LrSKG34 to Caco-2 cell monolayers and its effect on mucosal integrity in vitro. We also examined the LrSKG34 safety profile based on antimicrobial susceptibility testing, haemolytic activity determination, Caco-2 cell monolayer translocation evaluation, and in vivo investigation of the effect of LrSKG34 on the physiology, biochemical markers, and histopathological appearance of major organs in an animal model. LrSKG34 attached to Caco-2 cell monolayers and maintained mucosal integrity in vitro. The typical resistance of lactobacilli to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, vancomycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and metronidazole was confirmed for LrSKG34. No haemolytic activity was observed on blood agar plates, and no LrSKG34 translocation was observed in Caco-2 cell monolayers. Administration of LrSKG34 to Sprague-Dawley rats did not adversely affect body weight. No abnormalities in hematological parameters, serum biochemistry levels, or histopathological structures of major organs were observed in LrSKG34-treated rats. Collectively, the results implicate LrSKG34 as a promising and potentially safe probiotic candidate for further development.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was supported by The World Class Research Scheme, Directorate of Research and Community Services, Directorate General for the Research Strengthening and Development, Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education Republic of Indonesia with the grant no. 492.36/UN14.4.A/LT/2019 and Udayana University through Competency Research Grant Scheme with grant no. 86/UN14.22/VII.10/2019. We would like to thank Professor Yukako Fujinaga (Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Japan) for providing Caco-2 cells and Professor Osamu Matsushita (Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University) for the fruitful disccussion. I Putu Bayu Mayura, M.D., Tjokorda Istri Pramitasuri, M.D., I Gusti Putu Bhuana Aristya, Gusti Putu Adi Wira Kusuma, Ida Ayu Kade Ratna Sukmadewi and Wahyu Hidayati for the technical assistance, and Heni Ruswita for the administration assistance.

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