BMB Reports

생화학분자생물학회 (Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology)
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The translational landscape as regulated by the RNA helicase DDX3

  • Park, Joon Tae (Division of Life Sciences, Incheon National University) ;
  • Oh, Sekyung (Department of Medical Science, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine)
  • 투고 : 2021.12.07
  • 심사 : 2022.02.16
  • 발행 : 2022.03.31
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초록

Continuously renewing the proteome, translation is exquisitely controlled by a number of dedicated factors that interact with the ribosome. The RNA helicase DDX3 belonging to the DEAD box family has emerged as one of the critical regulators of translation, the failure of which is frequently observed in a wide range of proliferative, degenerative, and infectious diseases in humans. DDX3 unwinds double-stranded RNA molecules with coupled ATP hydrolysis and thereby remodels complex RNA structures present in various protein-coding and noncoding RNAs. By interacting with specific features on messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), DDX3 facilitates translation, while repressing it under certain conditions. We review recent findings underlying these properties of DDX3 in diverse modes of translation, such as cap-dependent and cap-independent translation initiation, usage of upstream open reading frames, and stress-induced ribonucleoprotein granule formation. We further discuss how disease-associated DDX3 variants alter the translation landscape in the cell.

키워드

과제정보

The authors thank members of the Park and the Oh laboratories for critical reading of the manuscript. This research was funded by The National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2018R1D1A1B07045410 and NRF-2021R1A2C1011293 to S.O.).

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