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노르웨이 성 중립 징병제와 한국군에 주는 시사점

The Norwegian Forces' Gender Neutral Draft and Its Implication on the ROK Forces

  • 투고 : 2022.01.27
  • 심사 : 2022.03.08
  • 발행 : 2022.03.31

초록

성 중립 징병제는 인구절벽 시대에서 군이 요구하는 인력 수준을 유지하고 양성평등의 개념을 확대할 수 있는 제도이다. 유럽 최초로 성 중립 징병제를 시행한 노르웨이의 사례를 통해 선택적 징병제 검토 필요성, 양성평등을 위한 군내 조직문화 개선 필요성 등 한국군에 주는 시사점을 도출해보았다. 여성의 사회참여 확대와 인권향상으로 전통적 남성의 영역이었던 군도 여성에게 개방되는 속도가 빨라지고 있다. 다만, 우리나라에 징병제를 여성까지 확대하기 위해서는 필요한 제반 시설, 복무기간, 급여수준, 전투력 유지 등에 대한 각종 우려를 극복해야 할 것이다. 국가가 처한 안보환경과 여성의 사회참여 정도, 국가내 소수자들의 처우 등이 모두 다르기에 우리도 성 중립 징병제를 시행하는 것이 옳다는 결론을 내리기는 어렵다. 그렇지만 미래를 대비하는 국가전략은 결론이 쉽게 나오지 않고 결론이 불편한 진실이라고 해서 멈출 수 없기에 이 논문을 시작으로 여성을 징병제에 포함하는 방안에 대한 건전한 담론이 형성되길 기대한다.

Gender neutral draft is the system that the level of manpower which military demands right now can be kept and the concept of gender equality can enlarge itself. This thesis draws implications on the necessity of optional review of draft and the amelioration of military organizational culture for the military through the example of Norway that has adopted gender neutral draft initially in Europe. The Military that is characterized by traditionally male led domain accelerates itself the openness to female by the aggrandizement of social participation and the improvement of human right for female. The various concerns about a necessary facilities, the period ofmilitary service, the level of salary, the keeping of combat power, etc just should be overcome in order to enlarge conscription to female in Korea. Situations such as the environment of national security, the level of social participation to female, the treatment to minority are different, so it is difficult for us to draw any conclusion whether the adoption of sex neutral conscription is right or not. Nonetheless, the national strategy that prepares for future may not be concluded easily and we can not stop it even though it is discomfortable truth. In Conclusion, we anticipate that the sound discourse on measures of including female in draft will be continued from the start with this thesis.

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참고문헌

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