Journal of Environmental Health Sciences (한국환경보건학회지)

Korean Society of Environmental Health (한국환경보건학회)
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Association between Urinary 3-Phenoxybenzoic Acid Concentrations and Self-Reported Diabetes in Korean Adults: Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) Cycle 2~3 (2012~2017)

한국 성인에서 요중 3-페녹시벤조익산 농도와 자가보고 당뇨와의 연관성: 제2~3기 국민환경보건기초조사(2012~2017)

  • Choi, Yun-Hee (Department of Health and Safety Convergence Science, College of Health Science, Korea University) ;
  • Moon, Kyong Whan (BK21 FOUR R&E Center for Learning Health System, Korea University)
  • 최윤희 (고려대학교 보건과학대학 보건안전융합과학과) ;
  • 문경환 (고려대학교 4단계 BK21 러닝헬스시스템융합사업단)
  • Received : 2022.03.17
  • Accepted : 2022.04.14
  • Published : 2022.04.30
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Abstract

Background: Pyrethroid insecticides account for more than 30% of the global insecticide market and are frequently used in agricultural settings and residential and public pest control among the general population. While several animal studies have suggested that exposure to pyrethroids can alter glucose homeostasis, there is only limited evidence of the association between environmental pyrethroid exposure and diabetes in humans. Objectives: This study aimed to report environmental 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) concentrations in urine and evaluate its association with the risk of diabetes in Korean adults. Methods: We analyzed data from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) Cycle 2 (2012~2014) and Cycle 3 (2015~2017). A total of 10,123 participants aged ≥19 years were included. Multiple logistic regressions were used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) for diabetes according to log-transformed urinary 3-PBA levels. We also evaluated age, sex, education, monthly income, marital status, alcohol drinking, physical activity, urinary cotinine, body mass index, and sampling season as potential effect modifiers of these associations. Results: After adjusting for all the covariates, we found significant dose-response relationships between urinary 3-PBA as quartile and the prevalence of diabetes in pooled data of KoNEHS Cycles 2 and 3. In subgroup analyses, the adverse effects of pyrethroid exposure on diabetes were significantly stronger among those aged 19~39 years (p-interaction<0.001) and those who consumed high levels of cotinine (p-interaction=0.020). Conclusions: Our findings highlight the potential diabetes risk of environmental exposure to pyrethroids and should be confirmed in large prospective studies in different populations in the future.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 환경부 국립환경과학원 제2기와 제3기 국민환경보건기초조사 자료를 제공받았으며(제2기: NIER-2012-00-01-944, 제3기: NIER-2017-01-01-001), 2021년 교육부의 재원으로 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 수행되었습니다 (NRF-2021R1F1A1063967).

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