Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association (한국가정과교육학회지)

Korea Home Economics Education Association (한국가정과교육학회)
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A Latent Profile Analysis of Middle School Students' Core Competencies: Focused on the Effects of ParentChild Relationships

중학생의 핵심역량 잠재프로파일 분류 및 부모자녀와의 관계 탐색

  • Received : 2022.06.15
  • Accepted : 2022.06.29
  • Published : 2022.06.30
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify the latent profiles according to the core competencies of middle school students and to examine whether the parent-child relationship predicts the latent profiles based on the core competencies for students defined by the Korean Ministry of Education. To achieve the purpose of the study, a total of 6,065 second-year middle school students were analyzed from the fourth year of the Korean Educational Longitudinal Study (KELS 2013), which was conducted by the Korean Educational Development Institute in 2016. The results of latent profile analysis and multinomial logistic regression are as follows. First, three latent profiles (higher competency group (19.54%), middle competency group (49.03%), and lower competency group (31.43%)) were derived according to the core competencies. For all groups, the highest competency was communication ability, and the lowest was creative ability. Second, the variables of the parent-child relationship (i.e., parental academic support, emotional support, and attachment level) were significant in predicting differences among the core competency latent profiles. In particular, the emotional support of parents was found to have the greatest influence on the core competencies of middle school students. This study identified the influence of the parent-child relationship on the development of core competencies. Further, it showed that a good family relationship is important for the holistic development of adolescents.

본 연구는 중학생의 핵심역량에 따른 잠재프로파일을 분류하고, 부모자녀 관계가 핵심역량 잠재프로파일을 다르게 예측하는지 살펴보는 데 목적이 있었다. 이를 위해 2016년에 실시된 '한국교육종단연구 2013' 4차년도 자료 중 중학생 2학년 6,065명을 대상으로 분석하였다. 잠재프로파일 분석과 다항 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 핵심역량에 따라 3개 잠재프로파일('상위 역량 집단(19.54%)', '중위 역량 집단(49.03%)', '하위 역량 집단(31.43%)')을 도출하였다. 모든 집단에서 공통적으로 의사소통 역량이 가장 높고, 창의적 사고 역량이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 둘째, 부모자녀 관계 변인(부모의 학업적 지원과 정서적 지원, 애착 수준)은 모두 각 핵심역량 잠재프로파일별 유의한 차이를 예측하였다. 특히 부모의 정서적 지원은 중학생의 핵심역량에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 핵심역량 발달에 있어 부모자녀 관계의 영향력을 파악하고, 나아가 가족관계가 청소년의 전인적 발달에 중요함을 보여주었다.

Keywords

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