Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

The Korea Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (대한기생충학·열대의학회)
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Free-Living Amoeba Vermamoeba vermiformis Induces Allergic Airway Inflammation

  • Lee, Da-In (Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University) ;
  • Park, Sung Hee (Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kang, Shin-Ae (Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Do Hyun (Department of Premedicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University) ;
  • Kim, Sun Hyun (Department of Premedicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University) ;
  • Song, So Yeon (Department of Premedicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University) ;
  • Lee, Sang Eun (Department of Premedicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University) ;
  • Yu, Hak Sun (Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University)
  • Received : 2022.07.04
  • Accepted : 2022.08.01
  • Published : 2022.08.31
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Abstract

The high percentage of Vermamoeba was found in tap water in Korea. This study investigated whether Vermamoeba induced allergic airway inflammation in mice. We selected 2 free-living amoebas (FLAs) isolated from tap water, which included Korean FLA 5 (KFA5; Vermamoeba vermiformis) and 21 (an homolog of Acanthamoeba lugdunensis KA/E2). We axenically cultured KFA5 and KFA21. We applied approximately 1×106 to mice's nasal passages 6 times and investigated their pathogenicity. The airway resistance value was significantly increased after KFA5 and KFA21 treatments. The eosinophil recruitment and goblet cell hyperplasia were concomitantly observed in bronchial alveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and lung tissue in mice infected with KFA5 and KFA21. These infections also activated the Th2-related interleukin 25, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, and thymus and activation-regulated chemokines gene expression in mouse lung epithelial cells. The CD4+ interleukin 4+ cell population was increased in the lung, and the secretion of Th2-, Th17-, and Th1-associated cytokines were upregulated during KFA5 and KFA21 infection in the spleen, lung-draining lymph nodes, and BAL fluid. The pathogenicity (allergenicity) of KFA5 and KFA21 might not have drastically changed during the long-term in vitro culture. Our results suggested that Vermamoeba could elicit allergic airway inflammation and may be an airway allergen.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by a 2-Year Research Grant of Pusan National University.

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