DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Experimental analysis of thermal gradient in concrete box girder bridges and effects of polyurethane insulation in thermal loads reduction

  • Raeesi, Farzad (Department of Civil Engineering, University of Tabriz) ;
  • Heydari, Sajad (School of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran) ;
  • Veladi, Hedayat (Department of Civil Engineering, University of Tabriz)
  • 투고 : 2021.12.25
  • 심사 : 2022.06.15
  • 발행 : 2022.09.10

초록

Environmental thermal loads such as vertical and lateral temperature gradients are significant factors that must be taken into account when designing the bridge. Different models have been developed and used by countries for simulating thermal gradients in bridge codes. In most of the codes only vertical temperature gradients are considered, such as Iranian Standard Loads for Bridge code (ISLB), which only considers the vertical gradient for bridge design proposes. On the other hand, the vertical gradient profile specified in ISLB, has many lacks due to the diversity of climate in Iran, and only one vertical gradient profile is defined for whole Iran. This paper aims to get the both vertical and lateral gradient loads for the concrete box girder using experimental analysis in the capital of Iran, Tehran. To fulfill this aim, thermocouples are installed in experimental concrete segment and temperatures in different location of the segment are recorded. A three dimensional finite element model of concrete box-girder bridge is constructed to study the effects of thermal loads. Results of investigation proved that the effects of thermal loads are not negligible, and must be considered in design processes. Moreover, a solution for reducing the negative effects of thermal gradients in bridges is proposed. Results of the simulation show that using one layer polyurethane insulation can significantly reduce the thermal gradients and thermal stresses.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Abid, S.R., Abbass, A.A. and Alhatmey, I.A. (2019), "Seasonal temperature gradient distributions in concrete bridge girders: A finite element study", 2019 12th International Conference on Developments in eSystems Engineering (DeSE), October.
  2. Cai, C., Huang, S., He, X., Zhou, T. and Zou, Y. (2022), "Investigation of concrete box girder positive temperature gradient patterns considering different climatic regions", Struct., 35, 591-607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2021.11.030.
  3. Cao, Y., Yim, J., Zhao, Y. and Wang, M.L. (2011), "Temperature effects on cable stayed bridge using health monitoring system: A case study", Struct. Hlth. Monit., 10(5), 523-537. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475921710388970.
  4. Elbadry, M.M. and Ghali, A. (1983), "Temperature variations in concrete bridges", J. Struct. Eng., 109(10), 2355-2374. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)07339445(1983)109:10(2355).
  5. Guo, T., Liu, J., Zhang, Y. and Pan, S. (2015), "Displacement monitoring and analysis of expansion joints of long-span steel bridges with viscous dampers", J. Bridge Eng., 20(9), 04014099. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000701.
  6. He, J., Xin, H., Wang, Y. and Correia, J.A. (2021), "Effect of temperature loading on the performance of a prestressed concrete bridge in Oklahoma: Probabilistic modelling", Struct., 34, 1429-1442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2021.08.007.
  7. Ho, D. and Liu, C.H. (1989), "Extreme thermal loadings in highway bridges", J. Struct. Eng., 115(7), 1681-1696. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1989)115:7(1681).
  8. Hossain, T., Segura, S. and Okeil, A.M. (2020), "Structural effects of temperature gradient on a continuous prestressed concrete girder bridge: Analysis and field measurements", Struct. Infrastr. Eng., 16(11), 1539-1550. https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2020.1713167.
  9. Kehlbeck, F. (1981), "Effect of solar radiation on bridge structure", Chinese Railway Publishing Company, Beijing, China.
  10. Laosiriphong, K., GangaRao, H.V., Prachasaree, W. and Shekar, V. (2006), "Theoretical and experimental analysis of GFRP bridge deck under temperature gradient", J. Bridge Eng., 11(4), 507-512. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0702(2006)11:4(507).
  11. Lee, J.H. and Kalkan, I. (2012), "Analysis of thermal environmental effects on precast, prestressed concrete bridge girders: Temperature differentials and thermal deformations", Adv. Struct. Eng., 15(3), 447-459. https://doi.org/10.1260/1369-4332.15.3.447.
  12. Li, D., Maes, M.A. and Dilger, W.H. (2004), "Thermal design criteria for deep prestressed concrete girders based on data from Confederation Bridge", Can. J. Civil Eng., 31(5), 813-825. https://doi.org/10.1139/l04-041.
  13. Li, S. (1996), Solar Physics.
  14. Mirambell, E. and Aguado, A. (1990), "Temperature and stress distributions in concrete box girder bridges", J. Struct. Eng., 116(9), 2388-2409. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1990)116:9(2388).
  15. Peng, Y. (2007), "Studies on theory of solar radiation thermal effects on concrete bridges with application", Southwest Jiaotong University, Sichuan, China.
  16. Roberts-Wollman, C.L., Breen, J.E. and Cawrse, J. (2002), "Measurements of thermal gradients and their effects on segmental concrete bridge", J. Bridge Eng., 7(3), 166-174. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0702(2002)7:3(166).
  17. Saetta, A., Scotta, R. and Vitaliani, R. (1995), "Stress analysis of concrete structures subjected to variable thermal loads", J. Struct. Eng., 121(3), 446-457. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1995)121:3(446).
  18. Taysi, N. and Abid, S. (2015), "Temperature distributions and variations in concrete box-girder bridges: Experimental and finite element parametric studies", Adv. Struct. Eng., 18(4), 469-486. https://doi.org/10.1260/1369-4332.18.4.469.
  19. Westgate, R., Koo, K.Y. and Brownjohn, J. (2015), "Effect of solar radiation on suspension bridge performance", J. Bridge Eng., 20(5), 04014077. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000668.
  20. Xia, Y., Xu, Y.L., Wei, Z.L., Zhu, H.P. and Zhou, X.Q. (2011), "Variation of structural vibration characteristics versus nonuniform temperature distribution", Eng. Struct., 33(1), 146-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2010.09.027.
  21. Xia, Y., Chen, B., Zhou, X. and Xu, Y.l. (2013), "Field monitoring and numerical analysis of Tsing Ma Suspension Bridge temperature behavior", Struct. Control Hlth. Monit., 20(4), 560-575. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.515.
  22. Xia, X., Wu, S., Wei, X., Jiao, C. and Chen, X. (2021), "Experimental and numerical study on seismic behavior of a self-centering railway bridge pier", Earthq. Struct., 21, 173-183. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2021.21.2.173.
  23. Zhou, G.D. and Yi, T.H. (2013), "Thermal load in large-scale bridges: A state-of-the-art review", Int. J. Distrib. Sensor Network., 9(12), 217983. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/217983.
  24. Zhou, L., Xia, Y., Brownjohn, J.M. and Koo, K.Y. (2016), "Temperature analysis of a long-span suspension bridge based on field monitoring and numerical simulation", J. Bridge Eng., 21(1), 04015027. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000786.