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The Membrane Society of Korea (한국막학회)
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Forward Osmotic Pressure-Free (△𝜋≤0) Reverse Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure Approximation of Concentrated NaCl Solutions

정삼투-무삼투압차(△𝜋≤0) 법 역삼투 해수 담수화 및 고농도 NaCl 용액의 삼투압 근사식

  • Chang, Ho Nam (Deparment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Choi, Kyung-Rok (Deparment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Jung, Kwonsu (Deparment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Park, Gwon Woo (Deparment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Kim, Yeu-Chun (Deparment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Suh, Charles (Deparment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Kim, Nakjong (Deparment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Kim, Do Hyun (Deparment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Kim, Beom Su (Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Kim, Han Min (Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Chang, Yoon-Seok (Lab to Market) ;
  • Kim, Nam Uk (Lab to Market) ;
  • Kim, In Ho (Seebio) ;
  • Kim, Kunwoo (Seebio) ;
  • Lee, Habit (Seebio) ;
  • Qiang, Fei (Deparment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology)
  • 장호남 (한국과학기술원 생명화학공학과) ;
  • 최경록 (한국과학기술원 생명화학공학과) ;
  • 정권수 (한국과학기술원 생명화학공학과) ;
  • 박권우 (한국과학기술원 생명화학공학과) ;
  • 김유천 (한국과학기술원 생명화학공학과) ;
  • 서찰스 (한국과학기술원 생명화학공학과) ;
  • 김낙종 (한국과학기술원 생명화학공학과) ;
  • 김도현 (한국과학기술원 생명화학공학과) ;
  • 김범수 (충북대학교 화학공학과) ;
  • 김한민 (충북대학교 화학공학과) ;
  • 장윤석 (랩투마켓) ;
  • 김남욱 (랩투마켓) ;
  • 김인호 (시바이오) ;
  • 김건우 (시바이오) ;
  • 이햇빛 (시바이오) ;
  • 치앙페이 (한국과학기술원 생명화학공학과)
  • Received : 2022.06.28
  • Accepted : 2022.08.05
  • Published : 2022.08.31
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Abstract

Forward osmotic pressure-free reverse osmosis (Δ𝜋=0 RO) was invented in 2013. The first patent (US 9,950,297 B2) was registered on April 18, 2018. The "Osmotic Pressure of Concentrated Solutions" in JACS (1908) by G.N. Lewis of MIT was used for the estimation. The Chang's RO system differs from conventional RO (C-RO) in that two-chamber system of osmotic pressure equalizer and a low-pressure RO system while C-RO is based on a single chamber. Chang claimed that all aqueous solutions, including salt water, regardless of its osmotic pressure can be separated into water and salt. The second patent (US 10.953.367B2, March 23, 2021) showed that a low-pressure reverse osmosis is possible for 3.0% input at Δ𝜋 of 10 to 12 bar. Singularity ZERO reverse osmosis from his third patent (Korea patent 10-22322755, US-PCT/KR202003595) for a 3.0% NaCl input, 50% more water recovery, use of 1/3 RO membrane area, and 1/5th of theoretical energy. These numbers come from Chang's laboratory experiments and theoretical analysis. Relative residence time (RRT) of feed and OE chambers makes Δ𝜋 to zero or negative by recycling enriched feed flow. The construction cost by S-ZERO was estimated to be around 50~60% of the current RO system.

무삼투압차 역삼투압(Δ𝜋= 0)은 KAIST H. N. Chang 명예교수가 2013년 발명, 2014년 미국 특허 출원, 2018년 특허 취득(US 9,950,297) 해수담수화기술. Chang 등의 RO 기술은 삼투압 조정조와 저압 역삼투압의 2 챔버로 구성. Chang 등은 소금물을 비롯한 모든 수용액은 물과 용질(소금)로 완전 분리 가능 주장. 삼투압차 조정조, 저압 역삼투압조 2 챔버로 구성됨. 고농도 용액의 삼투압은 1908년 미국화학회지 출간된 MIT G. N. Lewis식 이용. 두 번째 특허(US 10,953,3367)에서 RO가 10~12 bar 저 삼투압차 수행 가능 증명. 세 번째 특허(Korea 10-2322755, 해외 출원 중) Singularity ZERO 활용하면 기존 RO에 비해 물은 50% 추가, 막 면적은 1/3, 이론에너지는 1/5, 동일 용량의 S-ZERO 기술은 기존 RO 건설비의 50~60%로 예측됨.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and ICT through the National Research. Foundation (NRF) of Korea (NRF-2017R1A2B2008625 and NRF-2019R1H1A2079989). This work is supported by the Korea Technology and Information Promotion Agency for SMEs (TIPA) grant funded by the Ministry of SMEs and Startups (Grant S2948109, TIPS project.)

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