DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Colonization of Pathogens in Earphones and Observation of Effective Sterilization Methods and Cycles

  • Kwon, Hyeokjin (Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan) ;
  • Jeong, Myeongguk (Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan) ;
  • Go, Shinjee (Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan) ;
  • Kim, Yeojin (Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan) ;
  • Kim, Yein (Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan) ;
  • Kim, Yeeun (Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan) ;
  • Roh, Seungjun (Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan) ;
  • Lee, Seonggwang (Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan) ;
  • Choi, Go-Eun (Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan)
  • 투고 : 2022.09.19
  • 심사 : 2022.09.23
  • 발행 : 2022.09.30

초록

The use of earphones has recently been widely used around the world. In currently, students wear earphones a lot in a daily life. The types of earphones are open-earphones, Canalphones, and headphones. Many students don't periodically to sterilization their earphones. Therefore, it can be an incubator that can induced ear infections. The objective of this study was to detect the pathogenic bacteria from the earphones used by the students. A total of 3 type earphones swabs were collected by sterile cotton swabs. The swabs were inoculated onto BHI agar and incubated aerobically 48 hour at 37℃. 16s rRNA PCR, electrophoresis and sequencing were performed to confirm the identification of all the bacterial isolates. As a result, 24 pathogens were identified in sequencing. Three types of earphones were sterilized in three ways: ultraviolet (UV), 70% ethyl alcohol, and antibacterial wet tissue. If you use earphones for a long time without disinfecting them for a long time, it causes various diseases such as external ear infections. The findings of this study the users periodically to sterilization their respective earphones.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Abbinay S, Bharathi P. Mobile phones in hospital settings: Aserious threat to infection control practices. Occup Health Saf. 2012. 74: 115-118.
  2. Boustred N. Practical guide to otitis externa. Australian Family Physician. 1999. 28: 217-221.
  3. Buonanno M, Ponnaiya B, Welch D, Stanislauskas M, Randers-Pehrson G, Smilenov L, Lowy FD, Owens DM, Brenner DJ. Germicidal efficacy and mammalian skin safety of 222-nm uv light. Radiation Research. 2017. 187: 493-501. https://doi.org/10.1667/RR0010CC.1
  4. Ijaz T, Anjum AA, Aslam S, Raja SA, Khawaja AR, Ijaz S. Microbial profiling and risk factors assessment for otitis media and otitis externa. Advancements in Life Sciences. 2014. 1: 191-196.
  5. Ku ES, Kim SJ. A study on user experience through the analysis of generation Z's earphone use behavior. Digital Convergence Research. 2020: 18: 317-323.
  6. Lane DJ, Pace B, Olsen GJ, Stahl DA, Sogin ML, Pace NR. Rapid determination of 16s ribosomal rna sequences for phylogenetic analyses. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 1985. 82: 6955-6959. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.82.20.6955
  7. Lee SJ. Mental health analysis of smartphone addicted adolescents. Youth Welfare Research. 2018. 20: 47-67.
  8. Madigan MT, Martinko JM, Parker J. Brock biology of microorganisms. 2006. 11. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ.
  9. Marchesi JR, Sato T, Weightman AJ, Martin TA, Fry JC, Hiom SJ, Wade WG. Design and evaluation of useful bacterium-specific pcr primers that amplify genes coding for bacterial 16s rrna. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 1998. 64: 795-799. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.64.2.795-799.1998
  10. Musso MF, Crews JD. Infections of the external ear. In: Infectious Diseases in Pediatric Otolaryngology. Springer, Cham, 2016. p. 15-28.
  11. Nichols AW. Nonorthopaedic problems in the aquatic athlete. Clinics in Sports Medicine. 1999. 18: 395-411. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-5919(05)70154-X
  12. Oughton MT, Loo VG, Dendukuri N, Fenn S, Libman MD. Hand hygiene with soap and water is superior to alcohol rub and antiseptic wipes for removal of clostridium difficile. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology. 2009. 30: 939-944. https://doi.org/10.1086/605322
  13. Roland PS, Stroman DW. Microbiology of acute otitis externa. The Laryngoscope. 2002. 112: 1166-1177. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005537-200207000-00005
  14. Rosenfeld RM, Schwartz SR, Cannon CR, Roland PS, Simon GR, Kumar KA, Huang WW, Haskell HW, Robertson PJ. Clinical practice guideline: Acute otitis externa. Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. 2014. 150: S1-S24.
  15. Sander RW. Otitis externa: A practical guide to treatment and prevention. American Family Physician. 2001. 63: 927.
  16. Southern EM. Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. Journal of Molecular Biology. 1975. 98: 503-517. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-2836(75)80083-0
  17. Wiegand S, Berner R, Schneider A, Lundershausen E, Dietz A. Otitis externa: Investigation and evidence-based treatment. Deutsches Arzteblatt International. 2019. 116: 224.