Structural Engineering and Mechanics

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Shear lag effect of varied sectional cantilever box girder with multiple cells

  • Guo, Zengwei (State Key Laboratory of Mountain Bridge and Tunnel Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University) ;
  • Liu, Xinliang (School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University) ;
  • Li, Longjing (School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University)
  • Received : 2021.10.26
  • Accepted : 2022.09.18
  • Published : 2022.11.10
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This paper proposes a modified bar simulation method for analyzing the shear lag effect of variable sectional box girder with multiple cells. This theoretical method formulates the equivalent area of stiffening bars and the allocation proportion of shear flows in webs, and re-derives the governing differential equations of bar simulation method. The feasibility of the proposed method is verified by the model test and finite element (FE) analysis of a simply supported multi-cell box girder with constant depth. Subsequently, parametric analysis is conducted to explore the mechanism of shear lag effect of varied sectional cantilever box girder with multiple cells. Results show that the shear lag behavior of variable box-section cantilever box girder is weaker than that of box girder with constant section. It is recommended to make the gradient of shear flow in the web with respect to span length vary as smoothly as possible for eliminating the shear lag effect of box girder. An effective countermeasure for diminishing shear lag effect is to increase the number of box chambers or change the variation manner of bridge depth. The shear lag effect of varied sectional cantilever box girder will get more server when the length of central flanges is shorter than 0.26 or longer than 0.36 times of total width of top flange, as well as the cantilever length exceeds 0.29 times of total length of box's flange. Therefore, the distance between central webs can adjust the shear lag effect of box girder. Especially, the width ratio of cantilever plate with respect to total length of top flange is proposed to be no more 1/3.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The research described in this paper was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 51878106), the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Municipality (Grant cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0818), and the Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission (KJZD-K202100704), as well as the Joint Training Base Construction Project for Graduate Students in Chongqing (JDLHPYJD2020023). The authors greatly appreciate these financial supports.

References

  1. Amadio, C. and Fragiacomo, M. (2002), "Effective width evaluation for steel-concrete composite beams", J. Constr. Steel Res., 58(3), 373-388. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0143-974X(01)00058-X.
  2. Bhardwaj, A., Nagpal, A.K., Chaudhary, S. and Matsagar, V. (2021), "Effect of location of load on shear lag behavior of bonded steel-concrete flexural members", Steel Compos. Struct., 41(1), 123-136. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2021.41.1.123.
  3. Boules, P.F., Mehanny, S.S. and Bakhoum, M.M. (2018), "Shear lag effects on wide U-section pre-stressed concrete light rail bridges", Struct. Eng. Mech., 68(1), 67-80. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2018.68.1.067.
  4. Cambronero-Barrientos, F., Diaz-del-Valle, J. and Martinez-Martinez, J.A. (2017), "Beam element for thin-walled beams with torsion, distortion, and shear lag", Eng. Struct., 143, 571-588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.04.020.
  5. Chang, S.T. and Yun, D. (1988), "Shear lag effect in box girder with varying depth", J. Struct. Eng., 114(10), 2280-2292. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1988)114:10(2280).
  6. Chang, S.T. and Zheng, F.Z. (1987), "Negative shear lag in cantilever box girder with constant depth", J. Struct. Eng., 113(1), 20-35. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1987)113:1(20).
  7. Dezi, L. and Mentrasti, L. (1985), "Nonuniform bending-stress distribution (shear lag)", J. Struct. Eng., 111(12), 2675-2690. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1985)111:12(2675).
  8. Dikaros, I. and Sapountzakis, E. (2014), "Nonuniform shear warping effect in the analysis of composite beams by BEM", Eng. Struct., 76, 215-234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.07.009.
  9. Doung, P. and Sasakia, E. (2020), "A simplified method for evaluation of shear lag stress in box T-joints considering effect of column flange flexibility", Struct. Eng. Mech., 73(2), 167-179. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2020.73.2.167.
  10. Fafitis, A. and Rong, A.Y. (1995), "Analysis of thin-walled box girders by parallel processing", Thin Wall. Struct., 21(3), 233-240. https://doi.org/10.1016/0263-8231(94)00003-I.
  11. Gara, F., Ranzi, G. and Leoni, G. (2011), "Simplified method of analysis accounting for shear-lag effects in composite bridge decks", J. Constr. Steel Res., 67(10), 1684-1697. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2011.04.013.
  12. Guo, Z., Li, L. and Zhang, J. (2019), "Theoretical analysis for shear-lag effect of variable box section cantilever girder based on bar simulation method", China Civil Eng. J., 52(8), 72-80. https://doi.org/10.15951/j.tmgcxb.2019.08.006. (in Chinese)
  13. He, X., Xiang, Y. and Chen, Z. (2020), "Improved method for shear lag analysis of thin-walled box girders considering axial equilibrium and shear deformation", Thin Wall. Struct., 151, 106732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2020.106732.
  14. Hwang, W.S., Kim, Y.P. and Park, Y.M. (2004), "Evaluation of shear lag parameters for beam-to-column connections in steel piers", Struct. Eng. Mech., 17(5), 691-706. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2004.17.5.691.
  15. Li, X., Wan, S., Zhang, Y., Zhou, M. and Mo, Y. (2021), "Beam finite element for thin-walled box girders considering shear lag and shear deformation effects", Eng. Struct., 233, 111867. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.111867.
  16. Lopez-Anido, R. and GangaRao, H.V. (1996), "Warping solution for shear lag in thin-walled orthotropic composite beams", J. Eng. Mech., 122(5), 449-457. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1996)122:5(449).
  17. Luo, M. and Lin, P. (2015), "Experimental study of shearing force lag effect of three-cell box girder", J. Exp. Mech., 30(5), 621-628. https://doi.org/10.7520/1001-4888-14-184. (in Chinese)
  18. Luo, Q., Wu, Y., Li, Q., Tang, J. and Liu, G. (2004), "A finite segment model for shear lag analysis", Eng. Struct., 26(14), 2113-2124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2004.07.010.
  19. Sapountzakis, E. and Dikaros, I. (2012a), "Large deflection analysis of plates stiffened by parallel beams", Eng. Struct., 35, 254-271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.11.008.
  20. Sapountzakis, E. and Dikaros, I. (2012b), "Large deflection analysis of plates stiffened by parallel beams with deformable connection", J. Eng. Mech., 138(8), 1021-1041. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0000402.
  21. Sapountzakis, E. and Tsipiras, V. (2009), "Nonlinear inelastic uniform torsion of composite bars by BEM", Comput. Struct., 87(3-4), 151-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2008.11.005.
  22. Sapountzakis, E. and Tsipiras, V. (2010), "Warping shear stresses in nonlinear nonuniform torsional vibrations of bars by BEM", Eng. Struct., 32(3), 741-752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.12.002.
  23. Sapountzakis, E.J. and Dikaros, I.C. (2019), "Advanced 3-D beam element including warping and distortional effects for the analysis of spatial framed structures", Eng. Struct., 188, 147-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.03.006.
  24. Singh, G.J., Mandal, S., Kumar, R. and Kumar, V. (2020), "Simplified analysis of negative shear lag in laminated composite cantilever beam", J. Aerosp. Eng., 33(1), 04019103. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)AS.1943-5525.0001100.
  25. Su, J. and Chen, W. (2004), "Shear distribution analysis of the web of thin-walled box girdler with multi-cell", Proceedings of the 2004 National Bridge Conference Set of the Bridge and Structure Engineering Branch in China Highway Society, People's Communications Press, Beijing, China.
  26. Tahan, N., Pavlovic, M. and Kotsovos, M. (1997), "Shear-lag revisited: The use of single Fourier series for determining the effective breadth in plated structures", Comput Struct., 63(4), 759-767. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7949(96)00065-X.
  27. Taherian, A. and Evans, H. (1977), "The bar simulation method for the calculation of shear lag in multi-cell and continuous box girders", Proc. Inst. Civil Eng., 63(4), 881-897. https://doi.org/10.1680/iicep.1977.3084.
  28. Vojnic-Purcar, M., Prokic, A. and Besevic, M. (2019), "A numerical model for laminated composite thin-walled members with openings considering shear lag effect", Eng. Struct., 185, 392-399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.01.142.
  29. Wang, X. and Rammerstorfer, F.G. (1996), "Determination of effective breadth and effective width of stiffened plates by finite strip analyses", Thin Wall. Struct., 26(4), 261-286. https://doi.org/10.1016/0263-8231(96)00028-6.
  30. Xiang, Y. and He, X. (2017), "Short-and long-term analyses of shear lag in RC box girders considering axial equilibrium", Struct. Eng. Mech., 62(6), 725-737. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2017.62.6.725.
  31. Yamaguchi, E., Chaisomphob, T., Sa-nguanmanasak, J. and Lertsima, C. (2008), "Stress concentration and deflection of simply supported box girder including shear lag effect", Struct. Eng. Mech., 28(2), 207-220. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2008.28.2.207.
  32. Yoshimura, J. and Nirasawa, N. (1975), "On the stress distributions and effective width of curved girder bridges by the folded plate theory", Proceedings of the Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Japan, 45-54.
  33. Zhang, Y.H. (2012), "Improved finite-segment method for analyzing shear lag effect in thin-walled box girders", J. Struct. Eng., 138(10), 1279-1284. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000552.
  34. Zhang, Y.H. and Lin, L.X. (2014), "Shear lag analysis of thin-walled box girders based on a new generalized displacement", Eng. Struct., 61, 73-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.12.031.
  35. Zhao, Z., Lin, P. and Fang, W. (2016), "The bar simulation method for shear lag effect of three-cell box girders", J. Railw. Sci. Eng., 13(4), 697-704. https://doi.org/10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.2016.04.016. (in Chinese)
  36. Zhou, C., Li, L. and Wang, J. (2020), "Modified bar simulation method for shear lag analysis of non-prismatic composite box girders with corrugated steel webs", Thin Wall. Struct., 155, 106957. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2020.106957.