Journal of dental hygiene science (치위생과학회지)

The Korean Society of Dental Hygiene Science (한국치위생과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Comparison of the Tongue-Palate Pressure Patterns According to the Tongue Pressure in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

  • Min-Ji Jo (Oral Science Laboratory, Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University) ;
  • Soo-Min Kim (Oral Science Laboratory, Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University) ;
  • Seong-Chan Park (Oral Science Laboratory, Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University) ;
  • Hye-Jin Park (Oral Science Laboratory, Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University) ;
  • Yun-Seon Lee (Oral Science Laboratory, Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University) ;
  • Tae-Woo Kim (Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Ji-Seon Hong (Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine) ;
  • Eui-Yeon Lee (Department of Occupational Therapy, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University) ;
  • Sung-Hoon Kim (Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine) ;
  • Sun-Young Han (Oral Science Laboratory, Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Software and Digital Healthcare Convergence, Yonsei University)
  • Received : 2023.11.14
  • Accepted : 2023.12.07
  • Published : 2023.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Background: Oral frailty has garnered considerable interest following its identification as a risk factor for physical frailty. The Korean oral frailty diagnosis criteria have emphasized the need for extensive research on oral frailty diagnostic items and interventions. Our study performed an in-depth analysis of the tongue-palate pressure patterns in healthy community-dwelling older adults. Methods: Of the 217 older adults aged ≥60 years who visited a senior center in Wonju, 205 participants who completed tongue pressure measurement were included in the final analysis. Pressure changes over time were recorded by instructing the participants to press their tongue against the hard palate with for 7 seconds per cycle. The participants were divided into the normal and abnormal tongue pressure (NTP and ATP, respectively) groups based on whether they achieved the target tongue pressure at least once; tongue pressure patterns were compared between the groups. Furthermore, the average time taken to achieve the standard tongue pressure value was calculated for the participants in the NTP group and used to evaluate the decrease in tongue pressure in the ATP group. Results: Among the 205 participants, 40.5% had ATP. The tongue pressure graph revealed a gentle and consistent incline that was maintained even after achieving standard tongue pressure in the NTP group. The graph was more extreme in the ATP group, and the changes in the pressure type varied across individuals; the tongue pressure was only 48.4%, 40.7%, 31.9%, and 22.6% of the NTP in the participants in their 60s, 70s, 80s, and ≥90s, respectively (p<0.05). Conclusion: Tongue pressure weakness was observed in 40.5% of the healthy community-dwelling older adults. Furthermore, ATP graphs were observed in the patients with tongue pressure weakness. Thus, activities improving the oral function in community-dwelling older adults and systematic oral rehabilitation programs should be devised to promote normal swallowing.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by "Regional Innovation Strategy (RIS)" through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (MOE) in 2023 (2022RIS-005).

References

  1. Statistics Korea: 2022 Elderly statistics. Retrieved September 14, 2023, from https://kostat.go.kr/board.es?mid=a10301010000&bid=10820&tag=&act=view&list_no=420896&ref_bid= (2022, September 29).
  2. Fried LP, Ferrucci L, Darer J, Williamson JD, Anderson G: Untangling the concepts of disability, frailty, and comorbidity: implications for improved targeting and care. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 59: 255-263, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/59.3.m255
  3. Tanaka T, Hirano H, Ikebe K, et al.: Oral frailty five-item checklist to predict adverse health outcomes in community-dwelling older adults: a Kashiwa cohort study. Geriatr Gerontol Int 23: 651-659, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.14634
  4. Tanaka T, Takahashi K, Hirano H, et al.: Oral frailty as a risk factor for physical frailty and mortality in community-dwelling elderly. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 73: 1661-1667, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glx225
  5. Jung EJ, Song AH: Relationship between frailty and oral health among the elderly. J Korean Soc Dent Hyg 20: 347-357, 2020. https://doi.org/10.13065/jksdh.20200032
  6. Park JW: Aging process in swallowing function. JKDS 3: 17-19,
  7. Kawashima K, Motohashi Y, Fujishima I: Prevalence of dysphagia among community-dwelling elderly individuals as estimated using a questionnaire for dysphagia screening. Dysphagia 19: 266-271, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00455-004-0013-6
  8. Aslam M, Vaezi MF: Dysphagia in the elderly. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y) 9: 784-795,
  9. Tak NY, Gu HN, Kim HJ, Kwon JY, Lim HJ: The review of interventions to improve the swallowing function in the elderly. J Dent Hyg Sci 23: 69-87, 2023. https://doi.org/10.17135/jdhs.2023.23.2.69
  10. Moon JH, Kim HJ, Kang MK, Won YS: Effects of tongue strength and accuracy training on tongue strength, swallowing function, and quality of life in chronic stroke patients with dysphagia. J Korea Contents Assoc 16: 605-613, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2016.16.11.605
  11. Fei T, Polacco RC, Hori SE, et al.: Age-related differences in tongue-palate pressures for strength and swallowing tasks. Dysphagia 28: 575-581, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00455-013-9469-6
  12. Lee JH, Kim HS, Yun DH, et al.: The relationship between tongue pressure and oral dysphagia in stroke patients. Ann Rehabil Med 40: 620-628, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2016.40.4.620
  13. Choi SH, Kim HH, Choi CH, Seo HN, Park CR: Characteristics of tongue pressures based on swallowing tasks in Korean healthy older adults. Audiol Speech Res 14: 194-203, 2018. https://doi.org/10.21848/asr.2018.14.3.194
  14. Jeong DM, Shin YJ, Lee NR, et al.: Maximal strength and endurance scores of the tongue, lip, and cheek in healthy, normal Koreans. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg 43: 221-228, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5125/jkaoms.2017.43.4.221
  15. Park JS, Yu SJ, Jung CH: Age and sex differences in orofacial strength of healthy Korean adult. Korean J Occup Ther 21: 103-116,
  16. World Health Organization (WHO): A healthy lifestyle-WHO recommendations. Retrieved September 14, 2023, from https://www.who.int/europe/news-room/fact-sheets/item/a-healthy-lifestyle---who-recommendations (2010, May 6).
  17. World Health Organization: Decade of healthy ageing: baseline report. Retrieved September 14, 2023, from https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240017900 (2021, January 14).
  18. Choi YK, Yun JH, Cha EK, Jeon HS, Park HA: A survey on the oral recognition and oral functional rehabilitation exercise program demand among elderly day and night care center worker. J Korean Soc Dent Hyg 23: 147-156, 2023. https://doi.org/10.13065/jksdh.20230016
  19. Park JS, Kim HJ, Oh DH: Effect of tongue strength training using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument in stroke patients with dysphagia. J Phys Ther Sci 27: 3631-3634, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.27.3631
  20. Park JS, Lee SH, Jung SH, Choi JB, Jung YJ: Tongue strengthening exercise is effective in improving the oropharyngeal muscles associated with swallowing in community-dwelling older adults in South Korea: a randomized trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 98: e17304, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000017304
  21. Lin CH, Chung SY, Lin CT, Hwu YJ: Effect of tongue-to-palate resistance training on tongue strength in healthy adults. Auris Nasus Larynx 48: 116-123, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2020.07.014
  22. Lee KH, Jung ES, Choi YY: Effects of lingual exercises on oral muscle strength and salivary flow rate in elderly adults: a randomized clinical trial. Geriatr Gerontol Int 20: 697-703, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.13944
  23. Lee JH, Choi SY: Criteria to assess tongue strength for predicting penetration and aspiration in patients with stroke having dysphagia. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 56: 375-385, 2020. https://doi.org/10.23736/S1973-9087.20.06180-8
  24. Yano J, Yamamoto-Shimizu S, Yokoyama T, Kumakura I, Hanayama K, Tsubahara A: Effects of tongue-strengthening exercise on the geniohyoid muscle in young healthy adults. Dysphagia 35: 110-116, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00455-019-10011-2
  25. Park JS, Hwang NK, Kim HH, Choi JB, Chang MY, Jung YJ: Effects of lingual strength training on oropharyngeal muscles in South Korean adults. J Oral Rehabil 46: 1036-1041, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.12835
  26. Park HS, Oh DH, Yoon T, Park JS: Effect of effortful swallowing training on tongue strength and oropharyngeal swallowing function in stroke patients with dysphagia: a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Int J Lang Commun Disord 54: 479-484, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1111/1460-6984.12453
  27. Vanderwegen J, Guns C, Van Nuffelen G, Elen R, De Bodt M: The influence of age, sex, bulb position, visual feedback, and the order of testing on maximum anterior and posterior tongue strength and endurance in healthy Belgian adults. Dysphagia 28: 159-166, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00455-012-9425-x
  28. Yoon HY: Diet modification for dysphagia in oral phase associated with aging. JKDS 6: 20-25, 2016. https://doi.org/10.34160/jkds.2016.6.1.004
  29. Lee CK, Kim JA: Pattern of post-stroke swallowing disorder according to the brain lesion. J Korean Acad Rehabil Med 25: 193-201, 2001.
  30. Park HS, Kim JU, Park JY, Oh DH, Kim HJ: Comparison of orbicularis oris muscle strength and endurance in young and elderly adults. J Phys Ther Sci 30: 1477-1478, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.30.1477
  31. VanRavenhorst-Bell HA, Mefferd AS, Coufal KL, Scudder R, Patterson J: Tongue strength and endurance: comparison in active and non-active young and older adults. Int J Speech Lang Pathol 19: 77-86, 2017. https://doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2016.1154983