Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research (한방비만학회지)

The Society of Korean Medicine for obesity Research (한방비만학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Comparative Study on the Efficacy and Mechanism of Improving Glucose Uptake of Cannabis Root and Stem Extracts

대마 뿌리 및 줄기 추출물의 포도당 흡수 개선 효과 및 기전에 대한 비교 연구

  • Hye-Lin Jin (Department of Diagnostics, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University) ;
  • Ga-Ram Yu (Department of Diagnostics, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University) ;
  • Hyuck Kim (Department of Diagnostics, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University) ;
  • Kiu-Hyung Cho (Gyeongbuk Institute for Bio Industry) ;
  • Ki-Hyun Kim (Gyeongbuk Institute for Bio Industry) ;
  • Dong-Woo Lim (Department of Diagnostics, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University)
  • 진혜린 (동국대학교 한의과대학 진단학교실) ;
  • 유가람 (동국대학교 한의과대학 진단학교실) ;
  • 김혁 (동국대학교 한의과대학 진단학교실) ;
  • 조규형 (경북바이오산업연구원 대마산업총괄지원단) ;
  • 김기현 (경북바이오산업연구원 대마산업총괄지원단) ;
  • 임동우 (동국대학교 한의과대학 진단학교실)
  • Received : 2023.07.22
  • Accepted : 2023.08.29
  • Published : 2023.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives: Despite the pharmacological potential of the roots and stems of hemp based on literatures, active research has not been conducted for a long time. Comparative experiments were conducted on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and improvement of glucose uptake using Cannabis root and stem extracts. Methods: Antioxidant contents in Cannabis root and stem extracts were examined with total phenolic, tannin, flavonoid assay. Anti-inflammatory properties were tested in lipopolysaccharides-treated RAW264.7 cells. Efficacy of Cannabis root and stem extracts on glucose uptake was investigated using fluorescent glucose analog (2-NBDG) in palmitate-treated HepG2 cells. The mechanism of action on metabolism was examined by western blot. Results: Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory efficacy were greater in stem extracts, but improvements in glucose uptake performed under various conditions were found to be greater in root extracts. It is assumed that Cannabis root extracts exhibited an improvement in glucose uptake through mechanisms such as AMP-activated protein kinase activation, not depending on general antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Conclusions: Further research is needed on the mechanisms and substances that exhibit the anti-diabetic effects of Cannabis roots and stems.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 한국보건산업진흥원을 통해 보건복지부 '한의약 혁신기술개발사업'의 재정 지원을 받아 수행된 연구 임(과제고유번호: HF23C0112).

References

  1. Bonini SA, Premoli M, Tambaro S, Kumar A, Maccarinelli G, Memo M, et al. Cannabis sativa: a comprehensive ethnopharmacological review of a medicinal plant with a long history. J Ethnopharmacol. 2018 ; 227 : 300-15.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2018.09.004
  2. Hall W, Solowij N. Adverse effects of cannabis. Lancet. 1998 ; 352(9140) : 1611-6.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(98)05021-1
  3. Han K, Lee MJ, Kim H. Understanding of m edical cannabis and its regulations: a suggestion for medical and scientific needs. J Korean Med Obes Res. 2016 ; 16(2) : 124-32.  https://doi.org/10.15429/jkomor.2016.16.2.124
  4. Park HS, Oh HH, Kim S, Park JY, Kim J, Shim H, et al. Cannabinol synthase gene based molecular markers for identification of drug and fiber type cannabis sativa. Kor J Pharmacog. 2021 ; 52(2) : 69-76. 
  5. Aizpurua-Olaizola O, Soydaner U, Ozturk E, Schibano D, Simsir Y, Navarro P, et al. Evolution of the cannabinoid and terpene content during the growth of cannabis sativa plants from different chemotypes. J Nat Prod. 2016 ; 79(2) : 324-31.  https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00949
  6. Kim YN, Sim KS, Park S, Sohn HY, Kim T, Kim JH. In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of cannabis sativa stem extract. J Med Food. 2022 ; 25(4) : 408-17.  https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2021.K.0200
  7. Ryz NR, Remillard DJ, Russo EB. Cannabis roots: a traditional therapy with future potential for treating inflammation and pain. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res. 2017 ; 2(1) : 210-6.  https://doi.org/10.1089/can.2017.0028
  8. Kim Y, Kim W, Kim SH, Sim KS, Kim KH, Cho KH, et al. Protective effects of hemp (cannabis sativa) root extracts against insulin-deficient diabetes mellitus in mice. Molecules. 2023 ; 28(9) : 3814. 
  9. Heo J. Dongeuibogam. Seoul : Bupin Publisher. 1999. 
  10. Shaw JE, Sicree RA, Zimmet PZ. Global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2010 and 2030. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2010 ; 87(1) : 4-14.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2009.10.007
  11. Guillausseau PJ, Meas T, Virally M, Laloi-Michelin M, Medeau V, Kevorkian JP. Abnormalities in insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab. 2008 ; 34 Suppl 2 : S43-8.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S1262-3636(08)73394-9
  12. Wolosowicz M, Prokopiuk S, Kaminski TW. Recent advances in the treatment of insulin resistance targeting molecular and metabolic pathways: fighting a losing battle? Medicina (Kaunas). 2022 ; 58(4) : 472. 
  13. Farese RV Jr, Zechner R, Newgard CB, Walther TC. The problem of establishing relationships between hepatic steatosis and hepatic insulin resistance. Cell Metab. 2012 ; 15(5) : 570-3.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2012.03.004
  14. Mokashi P, Khanna A, Pandita N. Flavonoids from enicostema littorale blume enhances glucose uptake of cells in insulin resistant human liver cancer (HepG2) cell line via IRS-1/PI3K/Akt pathway. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017 ; 90 : 268-77.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2017.03.047
  15. Li Y, Tran VH, Koolaji N, Duke C, Roufogalis BD. (S)-[6]-Gingerol enhances glucose uptake in L6 myotubes by activation of AMPK in response to [Ca2+]i. J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2013 ; 16(2) : 304-12.  https://doi.org/10.18433/J34G7P
  16. Balbaa M, El-Zeftawy M, Abdulmalek SA. Therapeutic screening of herbal remedies for the management of diabetes. Molecules. 2021 ; 26(22) : 6836. 
  17. Gabay C. Interleukin-6 and chronic inflammation. Arthritis Res Ther. 2006 ; 8 Suppl 2 : S3. 
  18. Rajendram R, Saraswathy S, Rao NA. Photoreceptor mitochondrial oxidative stress in early experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis. Br J Ophthalmol. 2007 ; 91(4) : 531-7.  https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo.2006.101576
  19. Andre CM, Hausm an JF, Guerriero G. Cannabis sativa: the plant of the thousand and one molecules. Front Plant Sci. 2016 ; 7 : 19. 
  20. Judzentiene A, Garjonyte R, Budiene J. Phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of various extracts of fibre hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) cultivated in lithuania. Molecules. 2023 ; 28(13) : 4928. 
  21. Gao D, Nong S, Huang X, Lu Y, Zhao H, Lin Y, et al. The effects of palmitate on hepatic insulin resistance are mediated by NADPH Oxidase 3-derived reactive oxygen species through JNK and p38MAPK pathways. J Biol Chem. 2010 ; 285(39) : 29965-73.  https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M110.128694
  22. Hurrle S, Hsu WH. The etiology of oxidative stress in insulin resistance. Biomed J. 2017 ; 40(5) : 257-62.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bj.2017.06.007
  23. Pan Y, Wang Y, Cai L, Cai Y, Hu J, Yu C, et al. Inhibition of high glucose-induced inflammatory response and macrophage infiltration by a novel curcumin derivative prevents renal injury in diabetic rats. Br J Pharmacol. 2012 ; 166(3) : 1169-82.  https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.01854.x
  24. Patel DK, Prasad SK, Kumar R, Hemalatha S. An overview on antidiabetic medicinal plants having insulin mimetic property. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2012 ; 2(4) : 320-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(12)60032-X