Journal of Ginseng Research

  • 제47권1호
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  • Pages.97-105
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  • 2023
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  • 1226-8453(pISSN)
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  • 2093-4947(eISSN)
고려인삼학회 (The Korean Society of Ginseng)
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A systematic exploration of ginsenoside Rg5 reveals anti-inflammatory functions in airway mucosa cells

  • Hyojin, Heo (Department of Applied Biotechnology, Ajou University) ;
  • Yumin, Kim (Korea Bioinformation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology) ;
  • Byungsun, Cha (Department of Biological Sciences, Ajou University) ;
  • Sofia, Brito (Department of Applied Biotechnology, Ajou University) ;
  • Haneul, Kim (Department of Biological Sciences, Ajou University) ;
  • Hyunjin, Kim (Department of Biological Sciences, Ajou University) ;
  • Bassiratou M., Fatombi (Department of Biological Sciences, Ajou University) ;
  • So Young, Jung (Department of Applied Biotechnology, Ajou University) ;
  • So Min, Lee (Department of Biological Sciences, Ajou University) ;
  • Lei, Lei (Department of Biological Sciences, Ajou University) ;
  • Sang Hun, Lee (Department of Biological Sciences, Ajou University) ;
  • Geon-woo, Park (Department of Applied Biotechnology, Ajou University) ;
  • Byeong-Mun, Kwak (Department of Meridian and Acupoint, College of Korean Medicine, Semyung University) ;
  • Bum-Ho, Bin (Department of Applied Biotechnology, Ajou University) ;
  • Ji-Hwan, Park (Korea Bioinformation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology) ;
  • Mi-Gi, Lee (Bio-Center, Gyeonggi-do Business and Science Accelerator)
  • 투고 : 2021.05.18
  • 심사 : 2022.06.20
  • 발행 : 2023.01.02
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초록

Background: Hyperactivated airway mucosa cells overproduce mucin and cause severe breathing complications. Here, we aimed to identify the effects of saponins derived from Panax ginseng on inflammation and mucin overproduction. Methods: NCI-H292 cells were pre-incubated with 16 saponins derived from P. ginseng, and mucin overproduction was induced by treatment with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). Mucin protein MUC5AC was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and mRNA levels were analyzed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Moreover, we performed a transcriptome analysis of PMA-treated NCI-H292 cells in the absence or presence of Rg5, and differential gene expression was confirmed using qPCR. Phosphorylation levels of signaling molecules, and the abundance of lipid droplets, were measured by western blotting, flow cytometry, and confocal microscopy. Results: Ginsenoside Rg5 effectively reduced MUC5AC secretion and decreased MUC5AC mRNA levels. A systematic functional network analysis revealed that Rg5 upregulated cholesterol and glycerolipid metabolism, resulting in the production of lipid droplets to clear reactive oxygen species (ROS), and modulated the mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor (NF)-kB signaling pathways to regulate inflammatory responses. Rg5 induced the accumulation of lipid droplets and decreased cellular ROS levels, and N-acetyl-ⳑ-cysteine, a ROS inhibitor, reduced MUC5AC secretion via Rg5. Furthermore, Rg5 hampered the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 proteins, affecting the NF-kB signaling pathway and pro-inflammatory responses. Conclusion: Rg5 alleviated inflammatory responses by reducing mucin secretion and promoting lipid droplet-mediated ROS clearance. Therefore, Rg5 may have potential as a therapeutic agent to alleviate respiratory disorders caused by hyperactivation of mucosa cells.

키워드

과제정보

We would like to thank Editage for the English language editing. The current study was supported by grants from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (grant no. 2019005607 to B.H.B. and grant no. 2020M3A9I6A01036057 to J.H.P.), the Rural Development Administration(grant no. PJ014868042022 by M.G.L.), the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) Research Initiative Program (grant no. KGM5422221 to J.H.P.), the Ajou University Research Fund (B.H.B.), and the Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator (GBSA) grant.

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