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Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (생화학분자생물학회)
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The role of tRNA-derived small RNAs in aging

  • Seokjun G. Ha (Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Seung-Jae V. Lee (Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology)
  • Received : 2022.11.17
  • Accepted : 2023.01.17
  • Published : 2023.02.28
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Abstract

Aging is characterized by a gradual decline in biological functions, leading to the increased probability of diseases and deaths in organisms. Previous studies have identified biological factors that modulate aging and lifespan, including non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Here, we review the relationship between aging and tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), ncRNAs that are generated from the cleavage of tRNAs. We describe age-dependent changes in tsRNA levels and their functions in age-related diseases, such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. We also discuss the association of tsRNAs with aging-regulating processes, including mitochondrial respiration and reduced mRNA translation. We cover recent findings regarding the potential roles of tsRNAs in cellular senescence, a major cause of organismal aging. Overall, our review will provide useful information for understanding the roles of tsRNAs in aging and age-associated diseases.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We thank all Lee lab members for comments and discussion. This research was supported by the KAIST Key Research Institutes Project (Interdisciplinary Research Group) to S.J.V.L.

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