Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning (농촌계획)

Korean Society of Rural Planning (한국농촌계획학회)
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The Characteristics of Traditional Irrigation Farming System of Uiseong-gun

의성 전통수리 농업시스템의 특징

  • Lee, Yoo-Jick (Department of Landscape Architecture, Pusan National University) ;
  • Lee, Seung-Hye (Department of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School of Pusan National University) ;
  • Lee, Da-Young (Department of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School of Pusan National University) ;
  • Jeong, Jae-Hyeon (Department of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School of Pusan National University) ;
  • Park, Jin-Wook (Department of Landscape Architecture, Keimyung University) ;
  • Gu, Jin Hyuk (Regional Planning Institute NURI)
  • Received : 2023.02.15
  • Accepted : 2023.02.27
  • Published : 2023.02.28
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Abstract

Uiseong-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do, one of the representative small rain regions, has developed a traditional irrigation farming system while overcoming and adapting to unfavorable agricultural environments from the days of the ancient nation of Jomunguk to the present. In 2018, its value was recognized and designated as Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage System No. 10. This study was conducted with the purpose of examining the characteristics of the traditional irrigation farming system in Uiseong from the viewpoints of irrigation facilities, irrigation communities, and agricultural activities. The research results are as follows. Uiseong-gun has been expanding irrigation facilities for agriculture since long ago, and it has been investigated that a total of 6,227 irrigation facilities are currently distributed along the Wicheon water system that crosses Uiseong-gun from east to west. Irrigation facilities appear differently depending on the topography. The irrigation facility has a 'su-tong' as an irrigation passage and a corkscrew structure 'mot-tchong' as a water quantity control device, so the amount of water was adjusted as needed. Through this facility, surface water with warmer temperature is supplied to the farmland to prevent cold damage to crops. Uiseong has developed activities to organize irrigation communities in one village or several villages to secure agricultural water from an early age. Currently, this tradition continues, and a total of 213 irrigation communities manage 375 irrigation facilities (6.0% of all irrigation facilities). Through this organization, called Mong-ri-gye, water for agriculture is obtained, managed, and distributed equitably. In order to increase agricultural production, Uiseong implemented double cropping by converting rice fields and fields. In the case of Mt. Geumseong, double cropping of rice and barley was mainly carried out until the 1970s, but since the 1980s, double cropping of rice and garlic has been implemented with higher income. One of the unique features of the agricultural system of this region is the spectacular landscape that changes simultaneously from field to rice field in spring and from rice field to field in autumn.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 부산대학교 기본연구지원사업(2년)에 의하여 연구되었음.

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