Journal of Ginseng Research

The Korean Society of Ginseng (고려인삼학회)
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The effects of Korean Red Ginseng on heme oxygenase-1 with a focus on mitochondrial function in pathophysiologic conditions

  • Chang-Hee Kim (Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine) ;
  • Hahn Young Kim (Department of Neurology, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine) ;
  • Seung-Yeol Nah (Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University) ;
  • Yoon Kyung Choi (Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University)
  • Received : 2022.11.14
  • Accepted : 2023.04.07
  • Published : 2023.09.01
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Abstract

Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) plays a key role in heme oxygenase (HO)-1 induction under physical and moderate oxidative stress conditions. The transient and mild induction of HO-1 is beneficial for cell protection, mitochondrial function, regeneration, and intercellular communication. However, chronic HO-1 overexpression is detrimental in severely injured regions. Thus, in a chronic pathological state, diminishing HO-1-mediated ferroptosis is beneficial for a therapeutic approach. The molecular mechanisms by which KRG protects various cell types in the central nervous system have not yet been established, especially in terms of HO-1-mediated mitochondrial functions. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the multiple roles of KRG in the regulation of astrocytic HO-1 under pathophysiological conditions. More specifically, we discuss the role of the KRG-mediated astrocytic HO-1 pathway in regulating mitochondrial functions in acute and chronic neurodegenerative diseases as well as physiological conditions.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This paper was supported by Konkuk University Premier Research Fund in 2021.

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