KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research (대한토목학회논문집)

Korean Society of Civil Engeneers (대한토목학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Seasonal Variation of Airborne Chlorides in Coast by Sea Area and Region, South Korea

해역 및 지역에 따른 해안가 대기중 염분량의 계절적 변동

  • 정자혜 (한국건설기술연구원 지반연구본부) ;
  • 이종석 (한국건설기술연구원 구조연구본부)
  • Received : 2023.05.04
  • Accepted : 2023.07.18
  • Published : 2023.10.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The first survey of the airborne chlorides along the nationwide coast of South Korea was conducted 18 years ago, and the area index of coastal airborne chlorides and salt attack environmental rating are being utilized in the design, construction, and maintenance of domestic structures. However, due to environmental changessuch as climate change and coastal topography changes, changes of airborne chlorides along the coast are expected to occurregionally and by sea area. Therefore, the second survey has been conducted since 2021. Inthis paper, we analyzed the seasonal variations of airborne chlorides along the coast by region and sea area for one year of the second survey. Additionally, we compared the results withthe survey results of Japan's coastal airborne chlorides, which islocated close to South Korea and has a similar climate, to increase the objectivityofthe analysis. The averageairborne chloridesin the second surveywas highest on the west coast, and the seasonal variation was also the largest on the west coast. Looking at the seasonal variations by sea area, the East Sea had highairborne chloridesinthe summer and autumn,theWestSea inthe autumnandwinter, and the SouthSea in the summer. In addition, compared to the firstsurvey, allsea areasshowed short periods ofsignificantly higher coastalsalinity and clearerseasonal variations.

우리나라의 전국 해안가 대기중 염분량 1차 조사는 2003년에 3년 동안 실시되었으며, 그 결과인 해안가 비래염분 지역계수 및 염해환경 등급은 국내 구조물의 설계/시공/유지관리에 반영되어 활용되고 있다. 그러나 그 동안 기후 변화와 해안가 지형 변화 등에 의한 환경변화로 지역별, 해역별 해안가 대기중 염분량에도 변화가 예상되어 2021년부터 2차 조사를 실시중이다. 본 논문에서는 2차 조사의 1년 동안의 지역별, 해역별로 해안가 대기중 염분량의 계절적 변동에 대한 특징을 분석하였다. 또한 우리나라와 가까이 위치해 있고, 기후가 비슷한 일본의 해안가 비래염분량 조사 결과와 비교하여 분석 결과의 객관성을 높이고자 하였다. 2차 조사 결과 평균 비래염분량은 서해안이 가장 높았으며, 계절적 변동 또한 서해안이 가장 크게 나타났다. 해역별 계절적 변동을 보면, 동해안은 여름과 가을철에, 서해안은 가을과 겨울철에, 남해안은 여름에 비래염분량이 높게 나타났으며, 1차 조사에 비해 모든 해역에서 비래염분량이 월등히 높은 기간이 짧게 나타나 계절적 변동이 더 뚜렷하게 나타났다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 과학기술정보통신부 한국건설기술연구원 연구운영비 지원(주요사업)사업으로 수행되었습니다(과제번호 20230073-001, DNA 기반 노후 교량 구조물 스마트 유지관리 플랫폼 및 활용기술 개발).

References

  1. Japan Road Association (JARA) (1984). Guidelines for Countermeasures against Salt Damage in Road Bridges.Commentary, Tokyo, Japan (in Japanese). 
  2. Japan Road Association (JARA) (2017). Road Bridges Specifications.Commentary, Tokyo, Japan (in Japanese). 
  3. Jeon, D., Jung, J., Park, J., Min, J., Oh, J. E., Moon, J., Lee, J. S. and Yoon, S. (2022). "Predicting airborne chloride deposition in marine bridge structures using an artificial neural network model." Construction and Building Materials, Elsevier, Vol. 337, 127623, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.127623. 
  4. Jung, J. and Lee, J. S. (2022). "Regional and seasonal distribution properties of airborne chlorides in Jeju island, South Korea." Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute, KRCRI, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 300-306, https://doi.org/10.14190/JRCR.2022.10.3.300 (in Korean). 
  5. Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency (KHOA) (2023). Summary of East Sea, Available at: https://www.khoa.go.kr/eng/kcom/cnt/selectContentsPage.do?cntId=31060100 (Accessed: March 29, 2023). 
  6. Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT) (2006). Long Term Measurement of Airborne Chlorides and Durability of Concrete Mixed with Sea Sand (in Korean). 
  7. Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) (2022). Analysis Report of Typhoon Affecting the Korean Peninsula in 2021 (in Korean). 
  8. Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) (2023). Open METdata Portal, Availabel at: https://data.kma.go.kr/cmmn/main.do (Accessed: February 15, 2023). 
  9. Korean Society of Steel Construction (2019). Guidelines for the use of Uncoated Weathering Steel in Bridges (in Korean). 
  10. Korean Standards Association (KSA) (2012). Corrosion of metals and alloys - Corrosivity of atmospheres - Measurement of environmental parameters affecting corrosivity of atmospheres, (KS D ISO 9225) (in Korean). 
  11. Lee, J. S., Ahn, K. H., Kim, D. G. and Park, J. J. (2010). "Distribution properties of airborne chlorides in Korea." Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute, KCI, Vol. 22, No. 6, pp. 769-776, https://doi.org/10.4334/JKCI.2010.22.6.769 (in Korean). 
  12. Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (MOLIT) (2021). Detailed Guidelines for Safety and Maintenance of Facilities (Performance Evaluation) (in Korean). 
  13. Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (MOF) (2023). Korea Design Standard for Port and Harbour Facilities (KDS 64 10 20) (in Korean). 
  14. Moon, H. Y. and Lee, J. S. (2004). "A study on performance of devices for measuring the sea-salt flying to the concrete structures in the seashore." KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research, KSCE, Vol. 24, No. 2A, pp. 417-422 (in Korean). 
  15. National Geographic Information Institute (NGII) and Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (MOLIT) (2020). The National Atlas of Korea II 2020 (in Korean). 
  16. Public Works Research Institute (PWRI) (1988). Survey on the Geographical Distribution of Chloride Particle Carried by the Sea Wind (3), Tsukuba, Japan (in Japanese). 
  17. Public Works Research Institute (PWRI) (1993). Nation-wide Investigation on Air-borne Chloride(4)-Relationship between Geographical Distribution of Air-borne Chloride and Wind- (4), Tsukuba, Japan (in Japanese).