Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology

  • 제15권1호
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  • Pages.198-206
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  • 2024
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  • 2093-8551(pISSN)
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  • 2288-9221(eISSN)
한국전기화학회 (The Korean Electrochemical Society)
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Exploiting Natural Diatom Shells as an Affordable Polar Host for Sulfur in Li-S Batteries

  • Hyean-Yeol Park (Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)) ;
  • Sun Hyu Kim (Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education (KOREATECH)) ;
  • Jeong-Hoon Yu (Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)) ;
  • Ji Eun Kwon (Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)) ;
  • Ji Yang Lim (Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education (KOREATECH)) ;
  • Si Won Choi (Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education (KOREATECH)) ;
  • Jong-Sung Yu (Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST)) ;
  • Yongju Jung (Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education (KOREATECH))
  • 투고 : 2023.09.25
  • 심사 : 2023.10.18
  • 발행 : 2024.02.29
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초록

Given the high theoretical capacity (1,675 mAh g-1) and the inherent affordability and ubiquity of elemental sulfur, it stands out as a prominent cathode material for advanced lithium metal batteries. Traditionally, sulfur was sequestered within conductive porous carbons, rooted in the understanding that their inherent conductivity could offset sulfur's non-conductive nature. This study, however, pivots toward a transformative approach by utilizing diatom shell (DS, diatomite)-a naturally abundant and economically viable siliceous mineral-as a sulfur host. This approach enabled the development of a sulfurlayered diatomite/S composite (DS/S) for cathodic applications. Even in the face of the insulating nature of both diatomite and sulfur, the DS/S composite displayed vigorous participation in the electrochemical conversion process. Furthermore, this composite substantially curbed the loss of soluble polysulfides and minimized structural wear during cycling. As a testament to its efficacy, our Li-S battery, integrating this composite, exhibited an excellent cycling performance: a specific capacity of 732 mAh g-1 after 100 cycles and a robust 77% capacity retention. These findings challenge the erstwhile conviction of requiring a conductive host for sulfur. Owing to diatomite's hierarchical porous architecture, eco-friendliness, and accessibility, the DS/S electrode boasts optimal sulfur utilization, elevated specific capacity, enhanced rate capabilities at intensified C rates, and steadfast cycling stability that underscore its vast commercial promise.

키워드

과제정보

This work was supported by the Education and Research Promotion Program (2022) of KOREATECH and Individual Basic Science and Engineering Research Program funded by the Ministry of Education through the National Research Foundation of Korea (Grant No.: 2021R1F1A1062040 and RS-2023-00223196). The authors express their gratitude to the KBSIs at Pusan and Daegu for TEM/SEM analysis and the Cooperative Equipment Center at KOREATECH for their valuable assistance in analysis.

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