Journal of Ginseng Research

The Korean Society of Ginseng (고려인삼학회)
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Ginsenoside Rg1 promotes neurite growth of retinal ganglion cells through cAMP/PKA/CREB pathways

  • Ye-ying Jiang (Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University) ;
  • Rong-yun Wei (Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University) ;
  • Kai Tang (Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University) ;
  • Zhen Wang (Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University) ;
  • Ning-hua Tan (Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University)
  • Received : 2022.02.23
  • Accepted : 2022.05.02
  • Published : 2024.03.01
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Abstract

Background: Mechanisms of synaptic plasticity in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are complex and the current knowledge cannot explain. Growth and regeneration of dendrites together with synaptic formation are the most important parameters for evaluating the cellular protective effects of various molecules. The effect of ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) on the growth of retinal ganglion cell processes has been poorly understood. Therefore, we investigated the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on the neurite growth of RGCs. Methods: Expression of proteins and mRNA were detected by Western blot and qPCR. cAMP levels were determined by ELISA. In vivo effects of Rg1 on RGCs were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin, and immunohistochemistry staining. Results: This study found that Rg1 promoted the growth and synaptic plasticity of RGCs neurite by activating the cAMP/PKA/CREB pathways. Meanwhile, Rg1 upregulated the expression of GAP43, Rac1 and PAX6, which are closely related to the growth of neurons. Meantime, H89, an antagonist of PKA, could block this effect of Rg1. In addition, we preliminarily explored the effect of Rg1 on enhancing the glycolysis of RGCs, which could be one of the mechanisms for its neuroprotective effects. Conclusion: Rg1 promoted neurite growth of RGCs through cAMP/PKA/CREB pathways. This study may lay a foundation for its clinical use of optic nerve diseases in the future.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the "Double First-Class" University Project (No. CPU2018GF05) of China Pharmaceutical University and the Program of Innovative Research Team of Jiangsu Province.

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