Applied Chemistry for Engineering (공업화학)

The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry (한국공업화학회)
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CO2 Adsorption Characteristics of Rice Husk-Based Activated Carbon with Silica Removal and N/F Functional Groups Introduced by Dry Etching

건식 식각에 의해 실리카 제거와 질소/불소 작용기가 도입된 쌀겨 기반 활성탄소의 CO2 흡착 특성

  • Soo Go (Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Seongjae Myeong (Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Eunseon Chae (Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University) ;
  • In Woo Lee (Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Young-Seak Lee (Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University)
  • 고수 (충남대학교 응용화학공학과) ;
  • 명성재 (충남대학교 응용화학공학과) ;
  • 채은선 (충남대학교 응용화학공학과) ;
  • 이인우 (충남대학교 응용화학공학과) ;
  • 이영석 (충남대학교 응용화학공학과)
  • Received : 2024.11.25
  • Accepted : 2025.01.07
  • Published : 2025.02.10
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Abstract

In this study, rice husk-based activated carbon (RHAC) was prepared using a dry silica etching method instead of conventional toxic solvents to remove the silica component present in rice husk. Ammonium fluoride was used to prepare carbide (char) and simultaneously etch the silica present in rice husk. Chemical activation was then performed with potassium carbonate (K2CO3). This resulted in RHAC with a specific surface area of 1924.9 ㎡/g and micropores of 0.67 ㎤/g. This is due to the removal of silica by ammonium fluoride and the simultaneous introduction of nitrogen and fluorine into the carbon skeleton. These introduced nitrogen and fluorine functional groups retained some of their heteroelements even after activation. The CO2 adsorption properties of RHACs were also analyzed to study the effect of pore structure and surface functional groups on CO2 adsorption. The results showed that RHACs exhibited CO2 adsorption up to 5.50 mmol/g and good CO2 selectivity for CO2/N2 gas mixtures. This was attributed to the ultra-micropore distribution below 0.7 nm and semi-ionic C-F bonds. Therefore, this study provides new possibilities for the preparation of activated carbon using rice husk and its application in CO2 adsorption.

본 연구에서는 쌀겨에 포함된 실리카 성분을 제거하기 위하여 기존 독성 용매 대신, 건식 실리카 식각법을 이용하여 쌀겨 기반 활성탄소(RHAC)를 제조하였다. 불화 암모늄을 이용하여 탄화물(char)를 제조하고 동시에 쌀겨에 존재하는 실리카를 식각하였다. 이후 탄산칼륨(K2CO3)로 화학적 활성화를 수행하였다. 그 결과 1924.9 ㎡/g의 비표면적과 0.67 ㎤/g의 미세기공을 가진 RHAC를 제조할 수 있었다. 이는 불화 암모늄이 실리카를 제거함과 동시에 질소와 불소가 탄소 골격으로 도입됨에 기인한다. 이렇게 도입된 질소 및 불소 작용기는 활성화 이후에도 이종 원소 일부가 잔류하였다. 또한 RHAC의 CO2 흡착 특성을 분석하여 기공 구조와 표면 작용기가 CO2 흡착에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 그 결과, RHAC는 최대 5.50 mmol/g의 CO2 흡착량과 CO2/N2 혼합가스에 대한 우수한 CO2 선택도를 보였다. 이는 0.7 nm 이하의 초미세기공 분포와 semi-ionic C-F 결합에 기인하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구는 쌀겨를 이용한 활성탄소 제조 및 CO2 흡착 응용에 대한 새로운 가능성을 제시한다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 한국 산업기술평가관리원의 탄소산업기반조성사업(고순도 가스 분리용 탄소분자체 및 시스템 제조기술 개발: 20016789)의 지원에 의하여 수행하였으며 이에 감사드립니다.

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