Applied Chemistry for Engineering (공업화학)

The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry (한국공업화학회)
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Adsorption of Cesium Ions on Activated Carbon-Based Capacitive Deionization Electrodes with Polyaniline Electrodeposition

폴리아닐린이 전착된 활성탄소 기반 축전식 탈염전극의 세슘 이온 흡착

  • Yeonseo Lim (Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Seongjae Myeong (Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Seoyeong Cheon (Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Minah Kang (Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Sei-Hyun Lee (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Korea Polytechnic Ⅳ College) ;
  • Young-Seak Lee (Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Chungnam National University)
  • 임연서 (충남대학교 응용화학공학과) ;
  • 명성재 (충남대학교 응용화학공학과) ;
  • 천서영 (충남대학교 응용화학공학과) ;
  • 강민아 (충남대학교 응용화학공학과) ;
  • 이세현 (한국폴리텍IV대학 전기전자제어과) ;
  • 이영석 (충남대학교 응용화학공학과)
  • Received : 2024.12.13
  • Accepted : 2025.01.16
  • Published : 2025.02.10
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Abstract

In this study, to enhance the adsorption capacity of cesium ions, one of the radioactive wastes, an oxygen functional group was introduced onto the activated carbon electrode via an oxygen plasma treatment, and polyaniline (PANI) was electrodeposited to prepare a capacitive deionization (CDI) electrode. The PANI-electrodeposited activated carbon electrodes exhibited a significant improvement in CDI performance, with an increase of up to 1.4 times compared to the non-electrodeposited electrode. This improvement is attributed to the enhanced electrical conductivity and the promotion of interactions between the electrode and cesium ions due to the incorporation of quinonoid imine (=N-), benzenoid amine (-NH-), protonated amine (-N+-), and protonated imine (=N+-) on the electrode surface. Notably, the electrode that was electrodeposited with PANI for 6 minutes showed the highest salt adsorption capacity (49.68 mg/g) and salt adsorption rate (4.19 mg/min), even though the nitrogen functional groups introduced were less compared to the electrode deposited for 8 minutes. This result is due to the optimal balance between the effect of the nitrogen functional groups derived from PANI and the appropriate amount of PANI that does not block the electrode's pores. Consequently, an activated carbon electrode with PANI electrodeposition is expected to serve as a promising CDI electrode for efficient cesium removal.

본 연구에서는 방사성 폐기물 중의 하나인 세슘 이온의 흡착 용량을 높이기 위하여 활성탄소 전극에 산소 플라즈마 반응으로 산소 작용기를 도입하고, 폴리아닐린(PANI)을 전착(electrodeposition)하여 축전식 탈염(CDI) 전극을 제조하였다. 폴리아닐린 전착 활성탄소 전극들은 미전착 전극에 비해 1.4 배까지 크게 향상된 CDI 성능을 보였다. 이는 전극 표면에 도입된 퀴노노이드 이민(=N-), 벤제노이드 아민(-NH-), 양성자화 아민(-N+-) 및 양성자화 이민(=N+-) 질소 작용기로 인해 전기 전도성이 향상되고 전극과 세슘 이온 간의 상호 작용의 촉진에 기인하였다. 특히 6 분 동안 폴리아닐린이 전착된 전극은 8 분 동안 전착된 전극에 비해 도입된 질소 작용기가 적었음에도 불구하고 염 흡착 용량(49.68 mg/g)과 염 흡착 속도(4.19 mg/g/min)가 가장 높았다. 이는 폴리아닐린으로부터 유래한 질소 작용기 도입의 효과와 전극의 기공을 막지 않는 적절한 폴리아닐린의 함량 선정 등 이 두 요인 간의 균형에 기인한다. 결과적으로, 폴리아닐린이 전착된 활성탄소 전극은 세슘을 효과적으로 제거할 수 있는 새로운 CDI 전극으로 응용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 한국 산업기술평가관리원의 탄소산업기반조성사업(고순도 가스 분리용 탄소분자체 및 시스템 제조기술 개발: 20016789)의 지원에 의하여 수행하였으며 이에 감사드립니다.

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