Applied Chemistry for Engineering (공업화학)

The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry (한국공업화학회)
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Key Variable Identification for Early Anomaly Detection in Low-Pressure Compressors of On-Site Hydrogen Refueling Stations

제조식 수소충전소 저압 압축기의 조기 이상 감지를 위한 핵심 변수 도출

  • Jongyeon Oh (Hydrogen Energy Solution Center, Institute for Advanced Engineering) ;
  • Daewoong Jung (Hydrogen Energy Solution Center, Institute for Advanced Engineering) ;
  • Kyuhwan Hyun (Hydrogen Energy Solution Center, Institute for Advanced Engineering)
  • 오종연 (고등기술연구원 수소에너지솔루션센터) ;
  • 정대웅 (고등기술연구원 수소에너지솔루션센터) ;
  • 현규환 (고등기술연구원 수소에너지솔루션센터)
  • Received : 2025.03.17
  • Accepted : 2025.03.27
  • Published : 2025.04.10
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Abstract

In on-site hydrogen production, compression, and refueling stations, low-pressure compressors operate continuously for 24 hours to ensure an uninterrupted hydrogen supply. These compressors play a critical role in compressing hydrogen below 7 bar and transferring it to high-pressure storage vessels. However, prolonged continuous operation leads to component wear, increased thermal load, and a higher risk of performance degradation and failure. Therefore, continuous maintenance and reliability assurance are essential. This study analyzes 18 months of operational data collected from the first Hydrogen Motherstation in Korea, the Chungju Bio-Green Hydrogen Refueling Station, to identify significant variables for early detection of performance degradation and propose a proactive preventive maintenance strategy. A Pearson correlation coefficient analysis was conducted to compare normal and abnormal operation data, revealing that discharge temperature-based anomaly detection is more effective for early detection than the conventional discharge pressure-based approach. Furthermore, the discharge temperature-based approach could detect anomalies up to 1.5 months earlier than the discharge pressure-based approach. This demonstrates that a temperature-based approach enables more proactive and effective preventive maintenance compared to a conventional pressure-based approach.

수소를 현장에서 생산·압축·충전하는 제조식 수소충전소에서는 수소 공급의 연속성을 위해 저압 압축기는 24 시간 가동된다. 저압 압축기는 7 bar 이하의 수소를 압축하여 고압 저장 용기로 이송하는 핵심 장비이며, 장기 연속운전에 따라 부품 마모, 열 부하 증가 등의 요인으로 성능 저하 및 고장 위험성이 높아진다. 이에 따라 지속적인 유지보수 및 신뢰성 확보가 필수적이다. 본 연구는 대한민국 최초의 수소 마더스테이션인 충주 바이오그린수소충전소에서 18개월간 수집된 3단 저압 압축기 운전 데이터를 분석하여, 성능 저하를 조기에 감지할 수 있는 핵심변수를 도출하는것을 목표로 한다. 피어슨 상관관계 분석을 통해 정상운전 데이터와 열화운전 데이터 간의 변화를 비교한 결과, 기존 토출압력 기반 고장 판단 방식보다 토출온도 기반 고장 판단 방식이 조기 감지에 더욱 유용한 방법임을 확인하였다. 또한, 토출온도 방식은 토출압력 방식에 비해 최대 1.5 개월 선제적으로 이상을 감지할 수 있었으며, 이는 기존의 유지보수 방식보다 더 선제적이고 효과적인 예방 유지보수를 가능하게 한다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 산업통상자원부(MOTIE)와 한국에너지기술평가원(KETEP)의 지원을 받아 수행한 연구 과제입니다. (RS-2024-00419764, 수소충 전소내 핵심설비와 부품 내구성 및 효율 향상)

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