Purpose: This study examines recent policies and programs to address loneliness in the UK using the WHO's three dimensions of intervention as a framework for analysis, and makes policy and practice recommendations for loneliness policy in Korea based on these findings. Research design and methodology: This paper examines the UK government's loneliness policies by dividing them into individual and relationship, community, and societal dimensions according to the World Health Organization's analytical framework. Results: First, we looked at Link Work's proposed program of social prescribing as a prime example of intervention at the individual and relational level. The next example of a community-level intervention is the Gateway Service. It involves taking loneliness into account in land planning and housing design, expanding local infrastructure, and improving transportation networks. At the societal level, there are campaigns to end loneliness and loneliness funding. Conclusions: First, it is important to recognize that the social risk of loneliness can be universal. Second, it is necessary to develop and operate educational programs on talking about loneliness, being concerned about the loneliness of others, and interacting and connecting with others. Third, it is necessary to build infrastructure in the community, not only in the social welfare service sector but also in a wide range of allied sectors. Finally, a range of programs and policies are needed for individual, community, and social interventions, and more importantly, the development of effective interventions to ensure connectivity between them.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effects of Interactive Metronome (IM) training on impulsivity, attention, emotional, and behavioral regulation in a child with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Research Design, Data, and Methodology: A single-case study was conducted with a 9-year-old child diagnosed with ADHD. The study followed an ABA' design, consisting of three phases: baseline, intervention, and follow-up. The intervention included a total of 12 IM training sessions. To assess pre- and post-intervention changes, the Abbreviated Conners Rating Scale (ACRS), Interactive Metronome's Long Form Assessment (LFA), and Short Form Assessment (SFA) were used. Results: The results indicated positive changes in impulsivity and emotional regulation. The child's ACRS total score decreased from 26 to 16, demonstrating an improvement in behavioral symptoms. Additionally, significant improvements were observed in attention-related indicators, including SFA scores and synchronization rate (SRO), with sustained effects over time. Conclusion: These findings suggest that IM training can effectively enhance self-regulation, emotional control, and attention in children with ADHD, highlighting its clinical and homebased applicability. However, given the limitations of a single-case study, further research involving larger samples and long-term follow-ups is necessary.

Purpose: This narrative review aims to synthesize global evidence on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), evaluating their sources, distribution, and health impacts across urban, industrial, landfill, and indoor settings to inform mitigation strategies and public health policies. Research design, data and methodology: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar for peer-reviewed studies (2010-2025), using keywords like "VOCs," "SVOCs," "health impacts," and "air pollution." From 1,800 articles, 120 were screened, and 35 were analyzed based on methodological quality. Data on emission sources, concentrations, exposure pathways, and health effects were extracted, categorized by setting and compound type, and synthesized narratively with tabular summaries. Results: VOCs (e.g., benzene, toluene) and SVOCs (e.g., phthalates, PAHs) from landfills, vehicles, industries, and household products pose significant carcinogenic (e.g., leukemia, cancer risks up to 1.67 × 10^-3) and non-carcinogenic risks (e.g., asthma, neurological disorders). Landfill emissions (18.1-806.3 mg/m³) and indoor concentrations (2-5 times higher than outdoors) disproportionately affect vulnerable populations like children and landfill workers. Conclusions: VOCs and SVOCs are critical global pollutants requiring urgent mitigation through biochar, ventilation, and regulatory reforms. Comprehensive monitoring and AI-based modeling are essential to protect public health.

Purpose: To collect and analyze microplastics in the atmosphere, a pretreatment method is necessary to remove interfering substances. Research design, data and methodology: Currently, the most reliable pretreatment methods widely used in academia are oxidative treatment and density separation. These methods vary depending on the sample size and the analytical instruments used, and each requires different considerations and processes. Results: Oxidative treatment, for instance, is used to remove organic matter from samples. This typically involves adding 20 mL of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and 20 mL of Fenton's reagent to the sample, then heating it at 60℃ for two hours. During this process, the organic matter in the sample is oxidized and removed. Density separation, on the other hand, is used to remove inorganic substances from the sample. In this method, 40 mL of a ZnBr₂ (zinc bromide) density separation solution is added to the sample. The mixture is then left to settle in a separatory funnel for 24 hours. After settling, the supernatant is collected for filtration, and the bottom of the separatory funnel is opened to discharge the inorganic matter that has precipitated due to the difference in density. Conclusions: Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the current status of analytical methods using Raman spectroscopy in Korea and to identify the optimal pretreatment method suitable for analyzing substances as small as microplastics.

In response to escalating global imperatives for sustainable development and intensifying stakeholder demands for Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) implementation, ESG management has emerged as a pivotal organizational strategy transcending traditional for-profit boundaries. This empirical investigation examines the influence of ESG management on organizational performance within social welfare institutions, analyzing the mediating functions of organizational commitment and innovative behavior through theoretical frameworks of institutional isomorphism and public service motivation. Analysis of comprehensive survey data collected from 425 employees across social welfare institutions in metropolitan regions (Seoul, Gyeonggi, Incheon) revealed that environmental responsibility (p<.001) and governance structure (p<.001) components significantly and positively influenced organizational performance, while the social responsibility dimension demonstrated no significant direct effect (p>.05). This pattern was consistent for organizational commitment, while for innovative behavior, environmental (p<.001) and governance (p<.001) factors showed significant effects, with social responsibility exhibiting a marginally significant relationship (p=.061). The research confirms that organizational commitment and innovative behavior significantly mediate the relationship between all ESG dimensions and organizational performance, with innovative behavior demonstrating stronger mediating effects. This study contributes to ESG literature by extending theoretical application to non-profit contexts and demonstrates that social welfare institutions require contextualized measurement approaches. Future research should develop specialized ESG measurement instruments that establish clearer conceptual boundaries between inherent social missions and supplementary social responsibility actions, ultimately enhancing both organizational effectiveness and social value creation.

This study analyzed the effects of coaching leadership sub-factors (direction, accountability, development, relationship) on constructive voice behavior through leader trust and psychological safety as mediators among 219 employees in small and medium-sized automotive parts manufacturing companies. To address multicollinearity issues among coaching leadership sub-factors, partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was applied, and latent profile analysis (LPA) was integrated to consider the heterogeneous characteristics of organizational members. The results revealed that among the coaching leadership sub-factors, direction and relationship factors had the greatest impact on constructive voice behavior through leader trust and psychological safety. Sequential mediation effects of leader trust and psychological safety were confirmed, and four distinct leadership profiles were derived through latent profile analysis. This study provides refined understanding of coaching leadership effectiveness by integrating variable-centered and person-centered approaches, offering practical implications for leadership development strategies in small and medium-sized automotive parts manufacturing companies. The findings suggest that coaching leadership effects vary significantly across different organizational contexts and member characteristics, highlighting the importance of customized leadership approaches in manufacturing environments.

This study examined the impact of physicians' coaching leadership on physician-patient relationships and its effects on patient well-being and service outcomes from a healthcare management perspective in primary care settings, where establishing trust-based relationships is crucial for effective healthcare delivery. The study employed a cross-sectional survey design with 306 adult patients from primary care institutions in Korea. A structural multilevel model was applied using PLS-SEM to address multicollinearity issues among coaching leadership sub-factors. Coaching leadership was measured using Stowell's four-dimension framework, while psychological safety and customer satisfaction served as mediating variables. Rigorous common method bias testing was conducted to ensure validity. Results revealed that physicians' coaching leadership had significant direct effects on patients' psychological safety (β=0.803, p<.001) and customer satisfaction (β=0.476, p<.001). The relationship between coaching leadership and psychological safety was significantly moderated by frequency of healthcare utilization, with stronger effects among regular healthcare users. All hypothesized mediation paths were statistically significant, with coaching leadership influencing word-of-mouth intention through psychological safety and customer satisfaction. This study contributes to healthcare management literature by empirically validating the effectiveness of coaching leadership in primary care settings and identifying boundary conditions for its effectiveness across different patient characteristics. The findings provide practical implications for healthcare managers seeking to enhance patient experiences and service outcomes.

This study investigated the relationships between coaching leadership dimensions and organizational commitment through self-leadership mediation among 300 small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) employees in Seoul and Gyeonggi metropolitan areas. Utilizing partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), three comparative models were analyzed: a basic path model, an instrumental support moderation model, and an organization-based self-esteem moderation model. Findings demonstrated that direction, a fundamental coaching leadership dimension, exhibited the strongest association with natural reward strategies (β = 0.336, p < .001), which subsequently predicted organizational commitment (β = 0.228, p < .001). Natural reward strategies partially mediated the relationship between direction and organizational commitment (indirect effect = 0.077, p < .01). Relationship-focused leadership significantly correlated with constructive thought patterns (β = 0.164, p < .05), which also predicted organizational commitment (β = 0.202, p < .001). Organization-based self-esteem demonstrated substantially stronger moderating effects (f² = 0.375) compared to instrumental support (f² = 0.041) in the self-leadership-commitment relationship. The organization-based self-esteem model explained 70.1% of organizational commitment variance, significantly surpassing alternative models. These results suggest that SME leaders should emphasize clear direction-setting and relationship-building while cultivating environments that enhance employees' organization-based self-esteem. This study advances understanding of how coaching leadership and self-leadership function complementarily within resource-constrained SME contexts, supporting Stewart et al.'s (2019) collaborative self-leadership paradox theory.

This study aims to investigate cases of new service marketing markets emerging through the convergence of big data, artificial intelligence (AI), and ICT technologies across various industries in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, and to create demand accordingly. Individual medical biosignals are stored as separate medical data, which are managed as integrated medical big data. This data constitutes personal information that can be provided to desired medical institutions based on the individual's consent. Furthermore, as regular medical information accumulates daily as personal biosignals through smart medical devices, the created medical big data can be utilized diversely through medical information platform services employing AI-based medical image processing technologies and distributed medical data sharing systems designed to protect personal information, enabling expansion into related industrial fields. However, since 'individual medical information' has the potential for misuse, it is essential to establish and apply security technologies for personal information protection. Therefore, with respect to various medical information platforms currently under active development-for example, blockchain-based security technologies for personal information protection such as the 'Blockchain for Medical Platform'-this study analyzed the importance of individual characteristic factors focusing on determinants of 'service acceptance intention' from a marketing perspective targeting service users.

Purpose: This study investigates the differences in safety perceptions between workers and managers, a key factor contributing to high accident rates in the construction industry, and reveals different perspectives between the two groups according to their work content, responsibility, and exposure to risk. Research design, data and methodology: Based on survey data collected from workers and managers, the difference in safety perception is analyzed based on key items such as recognition of the work environment as safe, margin for fair pressure, recognition of the Serious Accident Punishment Act, and recognition of safety education Results: It was confirmed that there were significant differences in the manager group, such as being highly aware of legal compliance and responsibility, while the worker group was more aware of the degree of awareness of safety education Conclusions: This study analyzes the causes of this gap and proposes the necessity of a cooperative approach such as system promotion and enhanced education at the government level to resolve it.