This paper analyzed the characteristics of the claw pole PM step motor by using 3D FEM. In case of analysing this type of motor, 3 dimensional analysis is necessary for an accurate analysis due to the magnetizing component of the z-axis direction. As a main design variable, the magnetization, width and the effects of skewing was selected. The variation of the detent torque and the back EMF depending on the shape of the pole is also shown.

Super high speed motors and generators are increasing in various applications such as air compressor, gas turbine and fuel cell systems because of small size and light weight at the same power level. This paper presents an experiment and simulation for a permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM) in super high speed applications.

A design and fabrication result of a ultra-small brushless DC motor is presented. The outer diameter of the motor is 3mm. This motor is designed to 3 phase coreless winding, and operated with synchronous type driver. The experimental results for back EMF value, static torque and speed characteristics are presented and discussed.

The torque characteristics of permanent magnet(PM) motor is varied according to magnet width. In this paper, the design method of magnet and magnetic circuit is proposed in order to improve the torque of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor(IPMSM). This paper presents the effects of pole arc ratio and salient pole ratio on the torque and torque ripple in the IPMSM with concentrated winding.

Due to the high peripheral speed of the rotor and the relatively high conductivity of the magnets used, rotor eddy current loss can be substantial. On the basis of the coupled FEM and analytical method, this paper deals with the rotor loss analysis in permanent magnet high-speed machine with 3-phase rectifier.

최근 모든 산업분야에서 축소화 및 대용량화가 요구되고 있으며, 전력기기 분야에서도 보다 작은 크기의 제품에 보다 큰 용량의 전류를 차단 또는 통전시키는 제품 개발이 활발히 진행되고 있다. 이러한 발열밀도가 높은 전력기기의 실정 설계에는 높은 정확도를 가지며, 그리고 효율적인 열설계가 가능한 방법이 점점 중요해지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 전력기기 열설계를 위한 해석적 방법을 구축하기 위하여 기초현상 파악 등에 적합한 3차원 CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics) 상용 프로그램과 설계 초기 단계에서 parameter 검토 등 근본적인 설계에 적합한 열회로망법을 이용하여 자체 개발한 프로그램을 이용하여 배선용 차단기의 열설계에 관하여 검토하였다.

The linear motor is widely used to generate linear motion. In this paper, the iron loss analysis of the linear motor is performed by using ANSYS, a commercial FEA tool and iron loss curves obtained by an Epsteiin test apparatus. For the validation of the iron loss analysis result, the experiment measuring the iron loss of the linear motor is peformed and this result is compared with iron loss analysis result.

This paper presents a new approach regarding thermal characteristics associated with a design of the high efficiency motor. The adjoint variable design sensitivity equations for both electromagnetics with respect to permeability and heat transfer considering conduction and convection terms are derived using the continuum method. For multi-objective topology optimization, FEA is validated in terms of electromagnetics and heat transfer by experiments. The proposed method is applied to a single-phase induction motor of the scroll compressor in order to control the direction of heat flow by maximizing/minimizing the temperature of the target area while maintaining the efficiency.

최근 높은 임계전류를 지닌 고온초전도선재를 이용한 초전도 전력기기의 개발이 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 고온초전도선재의 임계전류는 자장에 대한 의존성을 지니고 있으며 이로 인해 고온초전도선재가 코일의 형태로써 초전도 전력기기의 개발에 이용되는 경우, 권선 방식에 따라 다른 전기적 특성을 지니게 된다. 이러한 특성은 초전도선재의 전력기기의 효율에 큰 영향을 미치므로 권선 방식에 따른 코일의 특성을 연구하는 것은 초전도선재를 이용한 전력기기의 효율을 높이는데 있어서 중요한 의미를 갖는다. 본 논문에서는 권선 방식에 따른 코일의 특성을 비교하기 위해 동일한 턴 수와 사용 선재길이를 가진 팬케이크 코일과 솔레노이드 코일을 설계, 제작하고 두 코일의 임계전류를 측정하였다. 또한 인가전류에 대한 두 코일의 전압, 저항특성과 교류손실 특성을 측정하고 비교하였다. 측정결과, 두 코일의 임계전류는 솔레노이드 코일이 109A로 팬케이크 코일에 비해 약 $36\%$ 더 높았다. 코일에 가해준 인가전류가 증가함에 따라 코일에서 발생하는 전압 중 손실에 관련된 저항성 성분의 전압이 변화하고 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 교류손실은 인가 전류의 피크값이 팬케이크 코일의 임계전류 이하인 구간에서 팬케이크 코일이 솔레노이드 코일의 교류손실보다 9배 크며, 팬케이크와 솔레노이드의 임계전류 사이에서는 8.3배 컸다.

In this paper, we present effect of the stacked HTS tapes. AC losses of HTS pancake windings with stacked tapes are shown. Magnetic flux density in the HTS winding under operating conditions was calculated by FEM. AC loss of the pancake winding were measured and compared with the calculated loss by using AC losses of the stacked samples. Test results show that measured results generally agreed well with the calculated value by using AC loss of 4-stacked sample data.

Recently, as the interests in the electrical propulsion ship increase, it is needed to prepare for the technical demand of the versatile HTS synchronous motor, the noble paradigm of the electrical motor. In this paper, the electrical propulsion apparatus was classified at first. The, the merits and demerits of the HTS synchronous motor were investigated. Finally, the feasibility study of development of the HTS motor was performed with electromagnetic FEM analysis. Additionally, the points to be considered in decision of the capacity or number of the HTS motor and the way to supply electricity were studied in this paper. This work would be very useful in establishing the development direction of the HTS motor

The purpose of this paper is the selection of an optimum slot combination minimized the harmonics of air gap flux density and e.m.f., and reduction of the magnetic noise through the theoretical study on the cause and result of the magnetic noise. The analysis method is performed by the magnetic noise equivalent program and the FEM.

The purpose of this paper is characteristic analysis of permanent magnet generator for AVR power of brushless synchronous generator. However, the PMG has a spoke type rotor with overhang, so we perform the analysis considering overhang for the precise airgap flux density. In this paper, dynamic analysis model with 2D FEM considering overhang is proposed by use of 2D, 3D static FEM results. The proposed method is verified by the results of PMG load test.

This paper describes the phenomenon of the molten metal bridge theory of the arc discharge at opening contacts. And we analyze the magnetic force and drag force acting on the arc column in the DC magnetic contactor Arc cooling time by the force convection is calculated in the thermal dynamic equation using mean temperature method. Since arc gas lost conduction characteristics below a such temperature, it verify that the process of forming and extinguishing arc is able to analyze in terms of temperature characteristic by simulation and experiments of the 3 types arc extinction unit. It propose the practical simulation method to improve the electrical endurance of dc contactor.

Voltage unbalance is generated by the load and impedance mismatching at the 3-phase 4-wire system of customer load. Voltage unbalance factor can be changed by the voltage amplitude or phase angle, and both. A small voltage unbalance is connected to high current unbalance. If the voltage unbalance is generated at the joint system of 1-phase and 3-phase load, Induction motor due to the current unbalance increase is generated loss, noise and torque ripple. In order to analyze the effect by voltage unbalance, it is necessary to the consideration of amplitude and phase angle. In this paper, We analyzed the effects that induction motor is affected by asymmetric voltage unbalance

In the evaluation of performance for the algorithm of sensorless speed control, the ability of speed control in low speed range and starting is important points. First of all, stability of low speed control is highly required in the application which needs high performance in speed control. For this requirement, this paper represents simple method to estimate the rotor position by comparing reference linkage flux with it's estimation. In the estimation of linkage flux, this paper uses voltage-current model for increasing the performance of speed control in low speed range.

The discontinuous primary linear synchronous motor is proposed as a driving source in the middle-distance transportation systems in factories and facilities. This paper describes the examination about the acceleration characteristics and a synchronizing method when the secondary mover overlaps with the primary from the inertia travel motion section in the whole of the re-acceleration part.

When an accident is happen due to using a bad Wire Compressor, some public resentments are caused and It cause lawsuit for we. In case, we will undergo a colossal financial loss. in addition to, Guide to improve quality of operation by using the number of times of pressing and pressing pressure with cooperative private enterprise. And because of needs for Thermal, Electrical and Chemical factor analysis of connection point of sleeve, expect to try improving problems of wire presser whole our company. We expect that reduce fault and save cost by this process. Consequently, we will prevent power losing and black out due to line faults by expulsion of inferiority equipment and prevent heating and line fault. This is possible using Alarming and Auto Locking Wire Compressor that is improve on this study.

This paper proposes the calculation method of magnetic coupling coefficient of the contact-less energy transmission system by 3D finite element method with a variation of the secondary core positions. The primary, secondary self and leakage inductances and the capacitances of a resonant circuit are calculated by the finite element analysis results. From these values, the magnetic coupling coefficients are obtained. The secondary voltages and currents at the secondary core positions are calculated by using the resonant circuit and compared.

The series and parallel connection is essential for increasing power ratings of resistive type for fault current limiters. To increase voltage class, components are connected in series and to increase current level to the nominal value, they are connected in parallel. There are two ways to connect components in series and parallel. First, connected in series and then the module connects to the parallel. Second, connected in parallel and the module connects to the series. We have studied for the two ways. In this paper, we particularly investigated way to connect components in parallel first This way has the advantage of inducing effective simultaneous quench without any other devices, for example, the thing which is inducing magnetic field to the limiting and shunt resistors. And also we studied for the endurance of component which is patterned to the bi-spiral for prospective fault current. It is very important to understand this, because SFCL will use as the only device to decrease burden of circuit breaker. As experimental results, limiting component patterned to bi-spiral endures fault current up to 30kA and it works well, in parallel to series connection,

A 1MW class superconductng synchronous motor is designed considering several conditions such as superconducting wire length, machine efficiency and size. As the machine is larger and larger, the superconducting machine shows the advantages more and more over the conventional machines. Although the advantages at 1MW rating are not so great, the design approach to get an appropriate result would be very helpful for larger superconducting synchronous machine design. Major design concerns are focused on reducing expensive Bi-2223 HTS(High Temperature Superconducting) wire which is used for superconducting field coil carrying the rating current around 30K($-243^{\circ}C$) while the machine efficiency is higher than conventional motors or generators with the same rating. Furthermore, some iron cored structure is considered to reduce the HTS wire requirement without bad effect on machine performances such as sinusoidal armature voltage waveform, synchronous reactance and so on.

AC loss is one of the important parameters in (High Temperature Superconducting)HTS AC devices. Among the HTS AC power devices, the transformer is the essential part in the electrical power system. But unfortunately, the transformer is the worst HTS device concerning AC loss because of very large magnetization loss due to high magnetic field applied to the HTS wire. We calculated the magnetization losses in HTS pancake windings for transformer according to the operating temperature. Two kinds of arrangement of HTS pancake windings were adopted for calculation of AC losses of a shell type transformer, and the analysis results were presented and discussed.

This paper deals with the characteristics analysis and experiments of operating actuator for automatic door operated by fire detecting sensor. The dynamic characteristics of operating actuator system are analyzed on the structure of the operating actuator model. Simulation and experimental result have been performed for the verification of the proposed system and dynamic characteristics applied to a actuator by electromechanical energy conversion theory. The experimental result have been compared with proposed theoretical predictions. In this experimental result represented the temperature T1 and T2 which remarks T1 is a circumstance of operating actuator system, and T2 is a fire detecting sensor part.

This paper is described the insulation design and 3-D electromagnetic analysis of 6.6kV main transformer for a vessel by F.E.M.. To obtain the optimal design of insulation structure, the electric field stress is analyzed and estimated the proposed model A and B for the characteristics investigation according to the insulation thickness and position. And the performance characteristics of 6.6kV transformer are estimated as the equivalent circuit parameters computed by F.E.M. analysis.

In this paper, a backstepping speed controller applied in SRM is presented. The driver of SRM is generally planned with a PI controller. A PI controller is becomes a satisfied structure in the system. it is used in position and speed control loops. However, when the system parameter uncertainties large inertia and load disturbance, it will not be able to expect a satisfied efficiency. Therefore, a backstepping control law was researched, which is able application even to a linear system as well as a nonlinear and it is more excellent than a origin adaptive control law. In this paper, a backstepping control law applied the drive system of SRM was used in the drive controller. The computer simulation result clearly show that the applied backstepping controller can track the speed reference signal generated by internal signals.

상용 CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics) 프로그램인 PHOENICS를 이용하여 245kV $SF_6$ 가스 차단기의 진상소전류 차단성능을 평가하였다. 소전류 차단시에는 아크가 발생 즉시 소호되므로 $SF_6$ 가스를 전리가 일어나지 않은 냉가스로 취급할 수 있다. 그러므로 PHOENICS를 이용하여 극간의 $SF_6$ 가스밀도 및 전계의 변화를 계산하였으며 이것으로부터 극간 $SF_6$ 가스의 절연내력(Dielectric Strength)을 계산하였다. 계산된 $SF_6$ 가스의 절연내력과 아크 소호 후 극간에 인가되는 회복전압(Recovery Voltage)을 비교하여 차단기의 진상소전류 차단성능을 평가하였다. 245kV 차단기에는 전계를 완화하기 위한 목적으로 차단부에 쉴드가 설치되어 있으며 이 쉴드에 의한 소전류차단성능의 변화를 해석하였다.

A characteristic of the rotating machine that has been receiving relatively little attention is the axial force on the rotor versus its axial displacement from magnetic neutral position. A knowledge of this force is essential to the economic application of thrust bearings for rotating machine and their connected loads. In this paper this axial force is analyzed and calculated and test values are verified with two different machines.

초전도 선재를 전력 기기에 적절히 응용하기 위하여 사고 시 과전류에 대한 안전성 여부를 확인할 필요가 있다. 본 논문에서는 임계전류 이상의 영역에서 Bi-2223 선재의 저항 및 온도변화 특성을 알아보았다. 임계전류가 57 A인 Bi-2223 선재에 임계 전류 이상의 과전류를 인가한 후 전류 크기 및 사고시간에 따른 저항 변화를 조사하였다. 또한 열전대를 사용하여 과전류 인가에 따른 선재의 온도 변화를 측정하여 저항에 의해 유추한 결과와 상호 비교하였다. 이로부터 Bi-2223 선재에 과전류 인가 시 발생된 저항으로부터 간접적으로 얻은 선재의 온도와 측정된 줄열은 매우 잘 일치하였으며, 이로부터 과전류 인가 시간과 크기에 따른 선재의 온도 변화를 예측할 수 있었다.

Alternating current switch-fuse combinations shall be designed so as to protect for load circuit of distribution line. this switch system shall be test on making and breaking at short-circuit current. the test dutys were performed to prove correct coordination between the switch and fuses in applied test conditions This paper describes characteristics and test method for prove to performance of alternating current switch-fuse combinations.

IEC 60044-6 (Requirements for protective current transformers for transient performance) was established to Korea Standard (KS C IEC 60044-6 ; Instrument transformers Part 6 ; Requirements for protective current transformers for transient performance) in December 11, 2003. In this paper, requirements, test items and test methods protective current transformers for transient performance.

The Back Up Breaker and Making Switch are very important equipments for the short circuit test facility, and contacts are the most important parts of the above switches. There are very many kind of contacts according to switches characteristic and should be done the verification test before use, especially development contacts. This study describes the class of switches, arc chute, material of whole contacts and essential test for verification. The essential test for verification are dielectric test, mechanical operation test, short-time withstand current test, load current breaking test, and short-circuit making current test etc.

단락시험시 시험회로의 주요 파라미터들은 시험전압과 시험전류를 이용하여 결정된다. 특히, 단락전류의 경우 전류파형의 피크치, RMS, 시간, DC-성분, 역률 등을 분석프로그램을 이용하여 분석하게 된다. 그러나 이러한 분석프로그램은 각 시험기관마다 다르고, 현재까지 분석프로그램을 검증할 국제저인 기준이 존재하지 않았다. 그러나 최근 들어 STL(Short-circuit Testing Liason)에서는 각 시험기관마다 상이한 분석프로그램을 검증할 절차에 대한 연구를 수행하여 왔으며 그 첫 번째로 단락전류 분석프로그램에 대한 성능 평가 절차가 어느 정도 완성되었다. 이에 본 논문에서는 STL에서 배포한 TDG(Test Data Generator)를 이용해reference curve를 생성하고, 전기연구원의 전류분석프로그램을 사용하여 분석프로그램의 신뢰성을 평가하여 보았다.

Complex sensorless control scheme is difficult to utilize in field of home appliance system because of cost problem. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce simplified sensorless control scheme that is composed of least calculation to estimate the rotor position. This paper presents the principle of the rotor position estimation with comparison of the estimated flux linkage and reference flux linkage. In order to verify the feasibility of control scheme, simulation with MATLAB and experiment is performed.

This paper deals with current distribution analysis of the windings of a superconducting transformer with BSCCO-2223 High Tc Superconducting (HTS) tapes. Current distribution of HTS windings wound in parallel is analyzed by electromagnetic field analysis of finite element method and verified by experiments. For the sake of uniform current distribution, windings must be transposed so to make the impedances of each strands same. The parallel HTS tapes were transposed between the pancakes via non-superconducting joints because it is hard to make transpositions inside the pancake windings. In order to measure current distribution, test windings are fabricated and experimented for both transposed and non-transposed windings. We compared test results with calculated ones.

Electro mechanical type protective relay have an influence on the characteristics of the operation due to the change of coil impedance in accordance with the change of the temperature. We found out through an electrical test how many characteric changes are made when we change the temperature according to the types of protective relay. The result is that the protective relay operated by vactor is influenced by temperature.

This paper presents design of speed control system for slot less air-cored PM linear synchronous motor using space vector PWM. The vector control requires information about rotor position. And we can need to the Hall sensor for sampling current. In order to agree with this purpose, Digital Signal Processor(TMS320F2406A) developed for implementation of a speed Field Oriented Control.

본 논문에서는 유전알고리즘과 유한요소법을 이용하여 BLDC 전동기의 코깅 토크를 최소화하기 위한 최적화 설계 방법을 제안하였다. 먼저 유전알고리즘을 이용하여 BLDC 전동기의 설계 변수를 추론하고, 유한요소법으로 코깅 토크를 구하였다. 유전알고리즘과 유한요소법을 사용함으로써 BLDC 전동기의 코깅 토크가 최소화 되는 영구자석의 형상을 전 영역에서 빠른 시간내에 구할 수 있었다.

The flux-reversal machine(FRM) is a new brushless doubly-salient permanent-magnet machine combining the advantages of the switched-reluctance machine(SRM) and the permanent-magnet machine(PMM) into one machine. FRM has a naturally low inductance, therefore, a low electrical time constant. This feature, combined with its simple construction and low rotor inertia appear to make the FRM attractive as a low-cost high-speed machine. For high-speed applications, two alternative commutation strategies are studied, one using the phase commutation advancing technique and another using the conducting pulse-width control. This paper describes the techniques and reports the corresponding simulated and experimented performance

This paper presents Single Phase Switched Reluctance Motor Optimum Design using Response Surface Methodology and 2-D Finite Element Method that is coupled with the circuit equation of the rectifier and converter. Moreover, A design process for SPSRM has been proposed. The optimum process has been performed with geometric parameters (${\beta_s}\;&\;{\beta_r}$) that influence the inductance variation for design variables. In this paper, SPSRM performances have been analyzed according to variations of electric and geometric parameters after determining design models in terms of efficiency and power factor maximization.

This paper presents a charcteristcic analysis switched reluctance motor (SRM) considering hard chopping and DC link voltage ripple by using time-stepped voltage source finite element method in which the magnetic field is combined with drive circuit. We also examine the influence of freewheeling diodes and DC link voltage ripple on the performance of the SRM such as torque ripples and radial force on the surface of the teeth The freewheeling diodes and DC link voltage ripples must be taken into account in predicted the performance of SRM

Research related to renewable energy is urgently required to cope with the depletion of fossil fuel and the environmental pollution. This paper deals with maximum power control of 1kW rating wind power generator. To implement direct-drive generator, axial flux permanent magnet generator is adopted to test the converter. The blade is attached to the surface of outer rotor disk. Generally wind power generator is operated under the rated wind speed. To capture maximum power at my given wind speed, the coordination of generator and converter is essential. Buck/Boost converter is designed to charge 24V battery and under the low wind speed it operates as boost converter.

In this paper, a new design of permanent magnetic actuator (PMA) for vacuum circuit breaker (VCB) with one coil is proposed. Electromagnetic characteristic analysis is performed numerically using finite element method (FEM) considering the nonlinearity of magnetic core and permanent magnet. The characteristics of proposed PMA with one coil is similar with that of the conventional PMA with two coils. The proposed PMA can simplify the control circuit because of the usage of one coil. Therefore, the reliability of VCB can be improved with the proposed model.

The high efficiency for motors has been continuously required for energy saving. The iron losses occurring in motor cores account for high percentage in the energy losses of motors, so that electrical steels with lower iron losses have been desired as core materials. It is necessary to understand the basic charecteristic of the electrical steel to design motors and establish manufacturing process for the loss reduction. Therefore, this paper deal with the basic characteristic related with the magnetic properties of electrical steels and descibes the cause of core loss in electrical machines.

This paper introduces Flux-Reversal Machine(FRM) and presents the design of a single phase FRM to improve its starting torque. The effects of the design parameters on the characteristic and starting torque are analyzed by Finite Element Method(FEM). The considered design parameters are tapered airgap, stewed airgap, asymmetric PM width and slotted teeth. As a result, we can find the best model in producing starting torque of a single phase 2/3 FRM

This paper presents an analysis of RPC probe signal in steam generator tube with defect using finite element method. Impedance signal is calculated according to the depth variation of defect in tube and change of frequency in same defect. As the depth of the defect and the operating frequency is increased, the magnitude of the signal is increased. From the result of this paper, we can obtain the information by the effect of defect and frequency.

단락발전기를 이용하여 대전류 단락시험을 실시하는 시험 설비중 단락전류 투입시 정밀한 투입 위상각 제어와 주접점 접촉시 바운싱이 없는 투입개폐기 특성이 요구된다. 이러한 특성을 만족시키기 위하여 공압식, 모터식, 유압식등 여러 종류의 투입개폐기가 사용되고 있으며 Actuator와 주 접점 형상설계 및 조립기술에 의한 바운싱이 없는 제품 제작이 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 정격전압 24 kV 단락전류 47 kA, 통전시간 0.5 s의 투입용량과 연속 반복 투입시 $\pm0.1$ ms의 오차특성을 가진 정밀급 유압식 투입개폐기의 동작특성과 핵심부품 조사 및 바운싱 제거를 위한 대책실시와 반복시험을 통하여 투입개폐기 특성에 대한 연구를 목적으로 한다.

This paper deals with an automatic design standard computation based on a rated watt for a synchronous reluctance motor(SynRM). The focus of this paper is the design relative to the output power on the basis of rotor shape of a SynRM in each rated watt. The copuled Finite Elements Analysis(FEA) & Preisach model have been used to evaluate nonlinear solutions. The proposed procedure allows to define the rotor gemetric dimensions according to the rotor dia and rated watt starting from an existing motor or a preliminary design.

The lagging reactive power should be supplied for the excitation of isolated squirrel-cage induction generators by external circuit. This paper deals with a technique to drive the equations for analysis of the excitation characteristics and performance of an isolated squirrel-cage induction generator from the conventional equivalent circuit of induction machine, transform the equations into d-q coordinates to use vector control technique, and carry out the simulation of an induction generator system with various conditions using MATLAB. The results of the simulation indicate that moderate reactive power can be controlled effectively to maintain constant voltage over a wide range of the rotor speeds and loads.

This paper analyzes recording density according to the shape variation of Electric Probe writer, and present a shape design method for improving recording density in perpendicular electric recording device. The gradient of electric field has to be steep to improve recording density because transition region on the media becomes wider when recording. The optimum shape of electrode could be archived by using Response Surface Methodology and 2-Dimensional Finite Element Method.

PMA(Permanent Magnetic Actuator)는 기존의 유압식, 공압식 또는 스프링 조작기에 비해 신뢰성과 내구성이 뛰어나며, 유지${\cdot}$보수의 비용이 적고, 전류의 ON/OFF로 조작기를 쉽게 제어 할 수 있다. 그래서 최근 중저압 진공 차단기에 많이 사용되고 있다. 그러나 상대적으로 접점 간극이 길고, 압점력이 큰 고압 진공차단기에는 기존의 PMA(Permanent Magnetic Actuator)가 적합하지 않다. 고압 진공 차단기에 PMA를 적용시키기 위해서는 새로운 형상 설계가 불가피한데, 본 논문에서는 새로운 형태의 PMA(Permanent Magnetic Actuator)를 제안하고 그것의 동작 특성 해석을 통하여 사용 가능성을 검증하고자 한다.

This paper deals with the PM performance evaluations in a variable flux memory motor (VFMM) using a coupled finite element method (FEM) and Preisach modeling, which is presented to analyze the magnetic characteristics of permanent magnets. The focus of this paper is the operation characteristics evaluation relative to magnetizing direction and quantity of permanent magnets on re-, demagnetization condition in a variable flux memory motor(VFMM)

Disabled people have benefited greatly from the developments in technology over the last twenty years. Systems have been developed and refined to help them overcome, or cope with, difficulties they experience as a result of their disabilities. As technology has become cheaper, more powerful and easier to use, disabled people have taken to using them to an ever increasing degree. In this paper, we propose novel hybrid mobility devices which use a combination of human power and electric power. This paper deals with the design of a direct-drive wheel Axial-flux permanent magnet motor. This type motor prove to be the best candidate for application in electric vehicles, as in comparison with conventional motors they allow design with higher compactness, lightness. A prototype vehicle for an application as a hybrid wheelchair is designed, built, and tested.

This paper presents characteristic analysis of claw-pole type generator. The analysis is performed using 2D equivalent model by 2D FEM. 3D FEM is used to check whether 2D equivalent model reflects the magnetic characteristics of the actual machine. Initially, 2D equivalent model of the claw-pole type generator is designed only by 3D geometry. Using 2D equivalent model, back emf characteristics are estimated and compared to measurements. The analysis results agree with measurements well and take less time comparing to 3D FEM.

In this paper, finite element analysis for a PMASynRM is presented and the characteristic analysis of inductance and torque is performed under the effect of saturation. The focus of this paper is characteristic analysis of d and q-axis inductances and torque according to magnetizing quantity of interior permanent magnet for PMASynRM. The d and q-axis current component ratios, load angles of a PMASynRM are investigated quantitatively on the basis of the proposed analysis method and the experimental test. Comparisons are given with output characteristic curves of normal SynRM and those according to the load in PMASynRM, respectively. And it is confirmed that the proposed model results in high output power performance.

This paper deals with the stator design solution of a synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) with various slot number by loss & torque evaluations related to the slot open, teeth width using coupled Preisach modeling & FEM. The coupled Finite Elements Analysis (FEA) & Preisach model have been used to evaluate the nonlinear solution. Comparisons are given with characteristics of a SynRM according to the stator winding, slot number, slot open, teeth width variation, respectively

This paper presents a speed control system for a linear induction motor(LIM) with cage-type secondary using direct thrust control(DTC). The actual speed of the LIM is detected by the linear scale with the resolution of $100{\mu}m$. Thrust correction coefficient due to the end effect of the LIM is utilized in estimating actual thrust. As a result, responses of the thrust, current, speed, and flux are shown.

A lot of conventional automotive components driven by mechanical power source are being replaced with electrical ones to comply with the demands of market and customer, therefore the amount of electric energy used in a vehicle will be increased continuously. The increment of electric power demand causes interest on new higher power system such as 42V Power Net, and furthermore necessity for development of energy storage device is highlighted recently. This paper present the design of the BLDC motor for electric air-conditioner in 42V system and compare with the characteristics of several type BLDC motor.

For the permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM) drive to operate above the base speed in the constant horsepower region, field weakening control is applied. But field weakening control was not almost applied to sensorless control of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. In this paper, field weakening control is applied to the sensorless control of PMSM based on an instantaneos reactive power. And the effectiveness of the proposed system is verified by the experimental results.

Recently, there are growing demands for permanent magnet(PM) type stepping motor that greater mechanical output, smaller size. Especially, the PM type stepping motor with claw-poles is preferred solution for many small electronics position determination devices since it is small in size, low cost. But, the design of the PM type stepping motor with claw-poles is very difficult because it has a magnetic 3-D shape. This paper deals with a study of the miniaturization of the PM type stepping motor with claw-poles. We investigate the characteristic of the actual model using the equivalent magnetic circuit method and 3-D FE analysis.

BLDC Motor is used in robots requiring a precisive motion recently. This paper presents the optimal design reducing the rotor inertia in order to improve the driving characteristic of BLDC motor driving robots, The optimal design was performed by using a parallel Genetic Algorithm which is superior at searching objective functions for the comflicated models having several optimal points. Therefore, objective function for optimization is rotor inertia and efficiency.

This paper is proposed vibration minimize method of slotted PMLSM which is designed to minimize detent force. For improvement of operational performance by changing velocity profile to reducing the vibration at discontinuous section of acceleration curve in this paper, proter type machine is made, the vibration is compared general trapezoid velocity profile with vibration minimization velocity profile.

With increased emphasis on non-conventional energy system and autonomous power generation, development of improved and appropriate generating system has assumed signification. This paper describes the performance analysis of 2-phase self-excited induction generators. The minimum capacitance of self-excited capacitor connected auxiliary winding is determined the suitable value using circuit equations of auxiliary winding. For the steady state analysis, the equivalent circuit of 2-phase induction generators is used as circuit modeling using the double-revolving field theory. The validity of designed generator system will be confirmed by experimental and computed results.

고정 투자율법이란 (Fixed Permeability Method : FPM) 시스템이 자기적으로 포화 상태에 있을 때 각 요소별 동작지점의 투자율을 고정하여 선형적으로 시스템을 재해석하는 방법으로, 두 가지 이상의 자계원에 의해 포화가 발생할 경우, 각각의 영향을 구분지어 포화시 철심내의 자계 비선형 문제를 해석할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 제안된 고정 투자율법을 적용하여 자기 포화가 발생하는 영역까지를 운전 영역에 포함하는 매입형 영구 자석 전동기의 특성 값들을 추출하는 방법을 제시하였으며, 실험값과의 비교를 통해 그 타당성을 검증하였다.

In this paper, a new technique for electromagnetic topology optimization is proposed. The proposed technique is based on the large-step Markov chain (LSMC) method with novel local optimization algorithm. Because the proposed algorithm keeps a good convergence characteristic of LSMC, fast convergence is assured. The proposed LSMC is verified by an application to an inverse reconstruction problem.

철심형 영구 자석 선형 전기기기에서 디텐트력은 구조상 피할 수 없는 기기 특성이다. 본 연구에서와 같이 정격 외부 입력이 작은 경우, 디텐트력은 기기의 성능에 크게 영향을 미칠 수 있으며, 이를 저감할 수 있는 설계법이 필수적이다. 본 논문에서는 1kw급 왕복 구동 평판형 선형 영구자석 발전기의 치의 구조에 따른 역기전력과 디텐트력의 관계를 해석 하였다. 치의 구조에 따른 디텐트력의 변화를 해석적 방법을 통해 예측하고, 이를 기기 설계에 적용, 유한요소법을 이용해 실제 모델을 해석하였다. 치 구조의 변화는 디텐트력 외에 역기전력에도 영향을 주게 되는데 기기의 목표 성능을 만족할 수 있도록 설계안의 적절한 선택이 필요하다.

The developments of small hydropower plants in korea have been delayed by rising construction cost/low feasibility, local people's disagreement even though the capacity of water resources are enough. However, the recent raising of electricity purchasing price, the government's enlarging plan of small hydropower plants caused the newly development to be accelerated. In this paper, the design of remote control of small hydropower plants are proposed for better economy and easy control. The operation and monitoring of power plants are planned based on One(1)-man control from the central control room of regional area water works/ operating station and engineering station multipurpose dam offices with the equipments of OS, RTU(PLC), KT leased lines, WMPS, CSU and etc.

This paper describes the information transmission method using communication networks between Remote Terminal Unit(RTU) and Protection and Control system(PCU) of the direct current switchgear for Light Railway Vehicle, and also represents the test result, which carried out in the laboratory. In this test, transmission signal waveform, polling time, response time and request/response frame were measured between RTU and PCU. The field test including the measurements of analog signal and status of the digital logic operation of PCU will be conducted in near future.

이 논문에서, 우리는 PMLSM(permanent magnet linear synchronous motor) 시스템에서 발생하는 detent force의 ripple 저감을 위한 진동보상 모델과 제안한 구조에 대한 제어기 설계 방법을 제시한다. 본 논문에서 고려되어진 제어기는 feedforward 보상기, PID feedback 보상기, 그리고 adaptive feedforward 보상기의 세 부분으로 구성된 제어기를 사용한다. 특히, PMLSM의 위치 정밀성 향상에 관한 연구를 위한 정밀 위치 제어의 문제는 PM으로 인해 발생하는 detent force이며, 이를 해결하기 위해 출력신호를 웨이블릿 변환하여 추출 후 이를 보상하였다.

A multi pole SRM(switched reluctance motor) is applied by the regulated current in regular sequence. So, it can be started by itself. But a single phase SRM can not be started by itself because the positive torque is only generated in the limited zone which the inductance is increased. Therefore, it is required auxiliary device for self starting which place the rotor in start position. The prototype was designed and fabricated in the previous research. It has the permanent magnet, which is installed in the bottom of the rotor, for self starting. But the permanent magnet affect the prototype during operation and cause the decrease of the torque and speed. The influence of the permanent magnet on the average torque and speed was already confirmed. On this paper, the instant torque of the prototype was calculated from the experiment results which is the inductance and current according to installed permanent magnet or not.

The plunger speed of solenoid actuator is affected by mass of plunger, magnetic motive force, inductance, and return spring. These factors are not independent but related with each other according to design characteristics of solenoid actuator. So, it is impossible to change the designed value for the purpose of increasing plunger speed. In this study, we have analyzed the characteristics of high-speed solenoid actuator having a non-magnetic ring which plays a role to concentrate the effective magnetic flux into plunger. For more detailed analysis, we have induced characteristic equations and performed FEM analysis and simulation for dynamic characteristics of plunger, and proved the propriety of these by experiments.

In this paper, characteristic analysis of PC(Pancake Coil) probe with the size variation is presented for eddy current testing. Characteristics of probe are numerically calculated by using the finite element method. From the numerical analysis, the optimum frequency and groups for an experiment are selected. Probes are made and experiment is performed. From the experimental results, the probe shows maximum sensitivity when the size of defect is equal to the size of probe and when the inside diameter is similar to the width of probe and when the height is low. The result can be helpful to the standard of design of PC probe for eddy current testing.

자성체의 자화 특성을 해석하기 위해서는 자성체가 가지고 있는 포화 현상과 Hysteresis 현상을 고려해 주어야 한다. 하지만 현재 자화 특성 해석에서는 Hysteresis 현상을 무시하고 포화 현상만을 고려한 해석을 진행하거나 Hysteresis의 메이저 루프 특성만을 고려한 비선형 문제 해석만을 사용하고 있다. 하지만 자성체의 Hysteresis 특성은 메이저 루프적 특성 뿐만이 아닌 마이너 루프적인 특성을 가지고 있어 이 두 특성에 따라 많은 자화량적 변화를 가지게 된다. 또한 같은 재료적 특성을 가진 자성체라고 해도 그 형상에 따라 다른 자화 특성 분포를 가지고 있다. 이러한 두가지 특성을 전부 고려한 해석이 되어야 만이 정확한 자화 특성 해석 방법이라고 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 멀티브렌치적 특성과 자성체 형상에 따른 특성을 해석하기 위하여 Preisach 모델링을 이용하여 자성체의 형상에 따른 자화적 특성을 해석하는 연구를 진행하였다.

본 논문에서는, 초고압 GIS(Gas Insulated Switchgear)용 GCB(Gas Circuit Breaker)의 3상 배치구조 설계를 위한 상간, 극간, 대지간의 절연성능을 평가하였다. 뇌임펄스 전압과 상용주파 전압인가 시 상간, 극간, 대지간의 절연설계 기준을 근거로 절연설계 안전율을 고려하여 설계에 적용하였다. 수치적 전계 해석법으로 3차원 전계 해석법과 2차원 축대칭 해석법을 이용하였으며 절연설계 여유율과 현장에서의 절연파괴 시험을 통한 데이타와 비교 분석하였으며, 분석한 결과 절연설계 기준에 적합한 상배치 구조 설계임을 확인하였다.

현대 정보사회는 교통수단의 발달과 더불어, 휴대용 기기의 급속적인 발전을 가져왔다. 따라서, 휴대용 기기의 전원에 관한 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 그러나 여전히 시간적 제약을 받는 배터리에 대부분의 휴대용 기기가 의존하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 사람들이 동작하는 동안 항상 버려지는 체중에 의한 에너지를 이용한 발전장치를 설계하였다. 이 발전장치는 외력을 주었을 때, 대전압${\cdot}$소전류를 발생하는 평판형 압전소자의 특성을 이용한 장치이다.

전기기기가 빠르게 발전함에 따라 전기기기의 핵심부분인 전동기의 활용도가 매우 넓어지고 있다. 따라서 전동기의 효율향상은 전기기기의 정확한 작동 및 비용절약에 있어 중요한 부분이 되고 있다. 따라서 전동기에서 발생하는 손실의 정확한 원인과 해결방법을 제시하여야 한다. 이에 지금까지의 연구들은 대부분 제어회로를 이용한 고주파성분 제거나 자기손실이 적은 재질개발에 의존하고 있다. 그러나 이들 방법들은 기존의 기동제어회로에 새로운 소자나 제어회로를 부착하거나 고가의 소재를 사용하여야 하는 단점이 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 정자계 유한요소법과 손실곡선을 이용한 단상유도전동기 코어의 손실해석 및 손실저감을 위한 설계기법을 제시하였다.

The aim of the paper is to introduce the high power UPS with unity input power factor and to analyze the its major magnetic components. Inductance and flux density of 3 phases boost reactor is obtained by finite element method and compared with its expermental result. Also, basic characteristic of inverter transformer is inverstigated.

Magnetic Inductance Tomography(MIDT) System은 외부에서 자기장을 인가하여 자기장이 인가된 공간에 일정값의 투자율을 가지는 대상 물체가 존재할 경우 자기장의 분포가 변화하게 되고 이러한 자기장의 변화량으로 대상 물체의 투자율과 크기, 위치, 형태 등을 파악할 수 있다. MIDT System은 비접촉식이고, MRI에 비해 아주 작은 자기장으로도 측정이 가능하다는 이점이 있다. 이러한 MIDT System 에서 실시간으로 대상 물체의 크기와 위치에 따라 자기장의 변화량과 분포를 측정할 수 있는 하드웨어를 구축하였다.

이 전에 DC Pulse 전류로 구동하는 Magnetic Fluid Linear Pump(MFLP)를 개발하였다. 개발된 MFLP는 DC Pulse 전류에 의하여 발생하는 자기장의 분포 변화가 불연속적이게 되고, 펌핑력 또한 불연속성을 가지게 된다. 불연속적 자기장의 변화와 펌핑력의 불균일성을 저감하였다. 펌핑력을 증가시키기 위하여 AC 전류를 이용하였으며, 이에 따른 펌프의 운전 특성을 파악하기 위하여 자기장의 분포와 자성유체의 형상을 해석하였다.

There are many elements that affect the average torque of the single phase SRM. It is related with the stator and rotor pole arcs, the dwell angle of the exciting current, the turn on/off angle, etc., Most of all, the turn on/off angle is affect the design procedure of the driving and control circuit. So, in this study, it is intend to analyze the effect that the variations of the turn on/off angle affects the average torque. and then this analyses will be used to design the control driver of the single phase SRM.

In this paper, hybrid electromagnets using NdFeB permenant magnet are designed by 3-dimensional finite element analysis. Four hybrid magnets levitate the carrier of which total weight including control circuits and battery is 14[kg]. The nominal air gap length of the hybrid magnet is 3[mm]. The control circuit consists of DSP, 4-quadrant chopper, and gap sensor as feedback sensors. As a result, some experimental results for the magnetic levitation control by PI feedback control theory are shown.

In this paper, CPM (controlled-permanent magnet)-type magnetic levitation system is designed and implemented. The CPM maglev system to be controlled consists of eight magnets with permanent magnet and electromagnet. The total weight of maglev module system is 1ton. The design procedure is also described and the result of this work is shown.

In this paper, the control system of the controlled-permanent magnet(CPM) type MagLev system of 1ton is designed and implemented. The target to be controlled is PEM(permanent and electromagnet) type with 4-corners levitation which is open-loop unstable, highly non-linear and time-varing system. The designed controller is validated by some kinds of experiments.

In this paper, the vibration control of CPM(Controlled-Permanent Magnet) type magnetic levitation system of 1ton is designed and implemented. The target to be controlled has 8 magnets and 4 corners of the maglev module are levitated using a digital feedback controller. The designed controller includes PID type gap controller and speed observer. Its performance is validated by some kinds of experiments.

MFL PIG는 빠른 속도로 주행하면서 MFL 신호를 측정하여 기록하게 된다. PIG가 주행함에 따라 MFL 신호를 왜곡시키는데 가스관에 인가되는 강한 자기장으로 인하여 가스관이 착자되어 왜곡이 발생한다. 가스관의 착자는 종방향 착자와 횡방향 착자로 나눌수 있으며, 횡방향 착자는 검출신호를 증가시키거나 감소시키는 방향으로 왜곡을 발생시키고, 종방향 착자는 인가돼는 자기장과 수직이 되므로 검출신호를 크게 왜곡시킨다. 따라서 검출신호를 보정하여 실제 결함에 의한 신호를 검출하여야 한다. 본 연구에서는 가스관의 착자에 의한 영향을 분석하고 신호보정에 관하여 연구하였다.

This paper describes the design and the performance analysis of high speed induction motor considering end-ring using F.E.M.. To investigate the flux distribution, the induced rotor current, the designed high speed induction motor is analyzed by 3-D F.E.M.. Also, to identify the design specification, the performance characteristic is analyzed and estimated into the torque, the current and the output power at the static and the transient state.

AC loss is an important factor in the development of superconducting tapes and superconducting power applications. In this paper we measured and compared characteristics of BSCCO tape and YBCO Coated Conductor(YBCO CC). BSCCO tape was fabricated by PIT method. We measured critical current density and transport current loss of it. Also, YBCO CC tape consist of substrate. buffer, YBCO and metal layers. We measured critical current density on variations of external magnetic field and transport current loss of these cases. The results of measurement show that normalized critical current of YBCO CC is smaller then that of BSCCO tape in the external magnet field. According to the results. measured loss and calculated of the YBCO CC show the same tendency.

SRM (switched reluctance motor) provides an excellent adjustable speed and torque characteristics. SRM has the possibility of maintaining full power over a wide speed range. So, many attempts are being done from home appliances to industrial applications. Especially, a traction drive of an SRM is one of a good application for it's DC-series characteristic. However, because of the switching mechanism and reluctance torque. it has some disadvantage of noise and vibration. It is difficult to adopt to an appliance demanding silency. Performance and noise tests with 6/4 and 12/8 SRM were excuted to compare the characteristics.

최근 배전용 차단기의 조작방식은 스프링 구동 방식에서 영구자석 엑츄에이터(PMA) 구동방식으로 바뀌고 있다. PMA로 작동하는 중고압 차단기는 여자전류 권선의 수에 의해 단권선형과 이권선형으로 구분한다. 본 논문에서는 PMA의 동특성을 해석하기 위하여 유한요소법과 외부회로 방정식을 결합하였다. 가동부의 움직임을 고려하여 자계분포를 해석하였으며 가동부의 속도와 흡인력을 구하여 비교하였다. 해석된 결과는 PMA 설계에 이용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

BLDCM(Brushless D.C. Motor) is widely used for industrial application because of high efficiency and high power density. Especially, in servo system and home appliance. BLDCM is very useful due to high control performance and low acoustic noise. In this paper, 2.5HP rated BLDCM controller and drive was developed for tread mill application. The prototype BLDCM has 4 poles rotor and 24 slots stator. Ferrite was used as a rotor magnet due to the cost and temperature characteristic. For the stable operation of tread mill. over current and high temperature can be detected by the DSP controller. For the commutation signal, switching patterns from the sensorless circuit and hall sensor signal are used in the DSP controller.

This paper presents a design and characteristics analysis of an SRM drive for EPS application. A rack mounted EPS system is considered in this paper. In the unrestricted design conditions, motor parameters are determined for sufficient torque and speed with some restrictions. For the smooth torque generation and simple circuit of power system, 12/8 motor drive is considered. With FEM and magnetic circuit analysis, redesigned motor is simulated to meet the requirement of specifications. Effectiveness of the suggested SRM drive for EPS application is verified by redesigned motor drive tests.

Recently, the Single phase SRM has been researched and developed in many appliances with various types. This paper presents a theoretical representation of the phase inductance of a single phase SRM, as function of position and current, taking into account the non-linearity of the magnetic circuit. The method is based on the Fourier series expansion. the theoretical expressions for the calculation of instantaneous phase inductance, flux linkage, coenergy and electromagnetic torque as a function of rotor position and winding currents are derived. And it is compared with the results of the finite element analysis.

최근 세계시장이 Al-Casting 외함(알루미늄 주물탱크)을 적용한 GCB(Gas Circuit Breaker) 및 GIS(Gas Insulated Switchgear)를 선호하고 있으며, 이는 철재 외함에 비해 많은 이점을 갖고 있기 때문이다. 알루미늄 외함은 철재 용접형 제품에 비해 중량이 가벼워 취급 및 운반이 용이할 뿐 아니라 장기 사용 시에도 발청의 우려가 없으며, 2층 이상의 건물에 신설 또는 증설시 건물의 중량 제한에 따른 제약 조건에서 훨씬 자유롭다. 또한 Casting은 Welding형에 비해 분기부 전계 강도가 유리하고, 알루미늄은 철에 비해 열발생량이 적어 외함크기 축소가 가능하다. 또한 제작공정이 철재 용접외함에 비해 단순하고 대량생산에 유리하다. 이로 인해 외함이 표준화되고 GIS 모듈화가 완성되면 기종별 Series화하여 대량생산 체제 구축에 유리하게 된다. 점진적인 인건비 상승으로 용접형 외함의 단가상승이 예상되며, GCB의 경우 Al Casting형이 원가면에서도 유리하다. 이에 당사 GCB 및 GIS 제품 경쟁력 향상 및 수출시장 적극공략을 목적으로 현행 GCB 및 GIS 철재 용접형외함을 알루미늄 Casting 외함으로의 변경, 개발을 실시하였다. 본 연구에서는 Al Casting 외함을 개발하기 위한 일련의 과정에 대해 소개한다.

In this paper, an optimal design method to have a good performance is researched. The parameters which are senstive to the performance are examined and determined by using evolutionary computations and commercial CAD program to have good performance. Design method simulated is compared with conventional procedure.

The most basic form of a direct-drive linear motor is the voice coil motor(VCM). The voice coil motor employs a stationary permanent magnet field assembly in conjunction with a moving coil winding assembly to produce a force proportional to the current applied to the coil. Voice coil motor provide motion capable of extremely fine position sensitivity, limited only by the feedback sensor used to close the control loop. This paper presents dual-servo voice coil motor for improvement of driving range and position resolution. The voice coil motor is a cylindrical shape to improve reliability of a nanoindenter.

A typical conventional systems of a linear motion use rack and pinions or ball screws to convert rotary motions from DC servo motors. A linear motor has been used a several field for a MEMS technology and a aircraft carrier. We was studied a transient response of a linear actuator with a damping ratio, spring constant and a pressed power.

For past decade, medium voltage circuit breakers have used the spring-driven mechanical system for interrupting of electric power. However, these mechanisms have many disadvantages of high power consumption, mechanical control components and electrical switching ones for the coil current. Recently, the vacuum interrupter operated by permanent magnet actuator gives outlook on improved characteristic, higher reliability and cost price reduction as well as the feature of simple structure and few components. This paper deals with the dynamic characteristics of permanent magnet actuator used in the medium voltage distribution systems. Coupled finite element method is used to analysis the dynamic characteristics of permanent magnetic actuator and we compared with those of conventional ones

This paper deals with the core loss calculation of a BLDC motor made of Soft Magnetic Composite material. Since the teeth of motor partially have overhang in axial direction, 3 - dimensional equivalent magnetic circuit network (3D-EMCN) is used as an analytical method to get flux density of each element. The total core loss is calculated with the magnetic flux density and core loss curves of the SMC material. The calculated result is compared with core loss of the motor without overhang in stator teeth.

Inductance is an important parameter determining the characteristics of current waveform in electric motors. There are many kinds of inductances, however, self and mutual inductances are the major components. These inductances are changed under the variation of the magnetic circuit, current, frequency etc., even in the same winding distribution. Therefore this paper deals with the characteristics of inductance according to the shape of stator tooth. The analysis model is newly developed motor made of SMC(Soft Magnetic Composite) to reduce the core loss in high speed. the result of this paper gives the basic understandings of inductance to extend the applications of the motors.

This paper presents the analysis and the design of IPMSM for high speed limit with constant torque. The characteristics of IPMSM are calculated by using d-q equivalent circuit having the parameters, such as current phase angle, d-q axis inductances, effective turns. These parameters affect the output characteristics. In this paper, the improved IPMSM to widen the operating speed limit are designed by the results.

This paper deals with a Double type Transverse Flux Linear Motor(TFLM) which can be applied to high power system. This type can reduce overall system volume because of the configuration which has double flux path of prototype per phase, and less number of phase and turns. This TFLM is based on permanent magnet excitation, and the pole shape is designed to reduce attraction force between stator and mover poles. In the paper, the basic configuration of double type and the principle of movement are introduced. After performing the characteristic analysis by 3-dimensional equivalent magnetic circuit network, the results are discussed.

This paper deals with a qualitative analysis of iron loss in Transverse Flux Linear Motor (TFLM). 3D equivalent magnetic circuit network method (EMCNM) is used as an analytical method to get flux density of each element. The total core loss is calculated with the magnetic flux density and core loss curves of an optional material. The results of iron loss analysis can be used as a criterion to decide the manufactural shape such as lamination or solid type core, skew position, etc.

This paper presents a characteristic analysis method for an air gap flux density of axial-flux type brushless dc (BLDC) motor. The magnetic flux density for the torque, and vertical force characteristics is calculated by using analytical method, based on the concept of magnetic charge. The calculated results by the presented method is compared with those by 3 dimensional finite element method (3D FEM). Using the presented method, the characteristics of single and double sided axial-flux type BLDC motors are investigated through distributions of air gap flux density.

This paper deals with the application of cylindrical Halbach array to a PM motor capable of producing pure rotary motion, pure linear motion, or helical motion, The proposed motor consists of an exterior polar Halbach array for a rotary motion and interior cylindrical Halbach array for a linear one. The two- dimensional space harmonic method is employed for predicting the electromagnetic characteristics, with reference to the following parameters as variables: magnetic field, torque/thrust and back emf.

This paper deals with analysis of a 3-phase high speed machine with diametrically magnetized rotor. The field equations due to magnet and stator windings are established in terms of vector potential and 2-d polar coordinate systems and then, characteristic equation of torque and back emf are derived by using field equations. Finally, this paper predicts open-circuit field, armature reaction field distributions, field distributions on load, torque and back emf distributions from those of equations. Results are compared with predictions from corresponding finite element analyses.

22.9[kV]/50[MVA]/30[m] HTS transmission power cable has been developed and tested at Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute and LG Cable Company by 21 century center for applied superconductivity technology. It is necessary to measure of critical current degradations, AC loss, insulation test and etc at the HTS cable development. This paper is analyzed characteristics that critical current of HTS cable bending condition according to this paper. We will be able to decide the diameter of drum which HTS cable is wound around and minimum curvature radius of HTS cable from results of this research.

In this paper, the characteristic of slotless permanent magnet brushless motors analyze and compare parallel with radial way. This paper derive magnetic field solutions due to the PM. Torque, flux linkage and back emf are then derived. The results are shown in good conformity with those obtained from the commonly used finite element analysis.

Permanent magnet high-speed machines are small size compared with general motor of the same power and so must minimize generating heat, as well rotor structure is simple and strong for born centrifugal force. Especially, Material of each part is given thermal limit therefore temperature distribution vary important. In this paper, heat transfer coefficient of permanent magnet high-speed machines with 5-kW 40,000 rpm is calculated and temperature distribution due to power loss is predicted by finite element analysis.

This paper deals with eddy-current magnetic repulsion system. The passive system employing permanent magnets on the moving part maximizes levitation forces by using Halbach array and conducting plate. We predict force characteristics according to permanent magnet array and conducting bar

Linear induction motors are characterized by a large air gap and, as a result, large leakage inductances. Moreover, due to its unslotted structure and the absence of end rings in the secondary part, the equivalent circuit parameter calculation is very difficult. Therefore this paper introduces the new method of equivalent circuit parameter and analyzes dynamics characteristic of single-sided LIM

This paper presents simulation and test results of PMSM(Permanent Magnet Sychronous Motor) Controller. PMSM has higher efficiency and torque per volume than other motors because PMSM use permanent magnet of high energy density instead of field winding. PMSM control system also more efficient than Induction Motor's. In this paper, simulation and test to control speed and current of PMSM using DSP was accomplished.

The space harmonic analysis, as an analytical method, is used to estimate the flux distribution in the air gap of the brushless motors in this paper. With the flux distribution, back-emf and torque characteristics can be estimated.[1-7] Therefore, the air gap flux distribution of surface type permanent magnet motor according to the motor specifications are studied to estimate the torque characteristics in this paper. To validate the analysis result of this method, 2-dimensional finite element analysis is performed and the air gap flux density is compared to that from space harmonic analysis.

This paper presents control pattern of air-cored slotless permanent magnet linear synchronous motor using voltage modulation method which is used space vector voltage modulation and offset voltage modulation.

This paper deals with two structures of tubular LOA. One is the moving-coil type LOA and the other is moving-magnet type LOA. We analyze and compare the characteristics of tubular LOA according to mover type. The results of predicitions from the analysis are compared with corresponding finite element analysis.

This paper deals with driver design for displacement pulsation reduction of disk type LOA. Manufactured disk type LOA consists of iron cored disk as a mover and coil wrapped stator which is located at two sides with respect to mover origin.

This paper deals with the optimal design of a slotless type of permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM). Response surface methodology, one of the optimization methods, is used to consider multiple response of the PMLSM. That is, it is applied to obtain more average thrust and less thrust ripple than prototype PMLSM. To analyze quickly, characteristic analysis of the PMLSM is performed by space harmonic method and final results of optimized PMLSM are compare with those of prototype PMLSM through finite element analysis.

열팽창 방식의 가스차단기는 아크 에너지 자체를 이용하여 압력상승을 얻고, 상승된 압력을 이용하여 전류 영점 부근에서 아크 방향으로의 유동을 형성하여 아크를 소호한다. 대전류 구간에서 노즐 폐색현상이 일어나면 노즐 용삭이 크게 일어나며 용삭된 노즐 물질은 팽창실의 압력과 온도를 상승시키게 된다. 따라서 차단 특성해석을 위해서는 노즐 용삭에 의한 압력 상승해석이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 아크에너지에 따른 노즐 용삭비를 이용하여 용삭되는 노즐량을 계산하고, 이로 인한 back flow현상을 고려한 해석 방법을 제안한다. 개발된 프로그램을 제작한 차단부 모델에 적용한 결과, 열팽창실의 압력상승치는 시험결과와 잘 일치함을 확인하였다.

현대 도시인들에게 전력의 신뢰성있는 공급은 당연시되고 있다. 그러나, 2002년 캘리포니아에서 있었던 대규모의 정전 사고는 불안정한 전력의 공급이 현대 문명 생활에 있어서 얼마나 큰 영향을 끼치며, 개별적인 보완 전력 공급의 중요성에 대해서 일깨워주는 계기가 되었다. 지금까지 이러한 전력 공급의 중단에 대한 주요 대비책으로서 비상용 엔진 발전기 시스템은 보조 전원의 중요한 역할을 해왔다. 여기에서 더 높은 효율과, 첨두 부하 절감의 기능, 그리고 전력 계통과의 Co-generation 기능을 가지는 고기능의 제어 시스템에 대한 수요가 증대되어지고 있는 상태이다. 본 논문에서는 다수 비상용 발전기들의 병렬 운전 및 전력 계통과의 연계 운전을 지원하는 고기능의 디지털 전력제어 시스템과 운전 지원을 위한 감시 제어 시스템에 대해 소개한다.

The arcing contact wear of circuit breakers can be the major cause for the maintenance requirement. The control of arcing times as short as possible but larger than the given minimum arcing time may be the effective way to mitigate the contact wear and to lessen the expenditure of a maintenance. In this paper the method for minimizing the arcing time is described. The basic concept used in the proposed method is the estimation of the current interruption instant from the informations such as the phase angle at the instant of trip commands and the magnitude of interrupted currents.

This paper deals with the calculation of contact resistance depending on the applied force by modeling surface roughness. The true contact surface area is made up of many asperities of varying heights which is close to Gaussian distribution. The mean square deviation and the mean value of the Gaussian distributed asperity heights were determined in this paper. The elastic deformation of the surface asperities according to the increasing of applied force were considered. The contact resistance was also calculated by using the Greenwood analysis.

In the year 2002, 11,202 cases of electrical fires caused 462 casualties and about 58 billion won of physical damages. The electrical accidents alone caused victimized 854 people, including 87 deaths. at present, no detailed statistics about electrical fires is available. Also, there is no statistics about electric shocks and electrical equipment accidents. the electrical accidents are on the increase, proportional to the increase of electrical use. Therefore, a statistical analysis of electrical accidents is required to understand the situation and take measures to prevent similar accidents.

When high voltage capacitor bank is constructed, Many problems occur because of corona. So, To decrease a effect of electric field is usually installed a shield. This paper shows the results of design of shield for high voltage capacitor bank.

For the first time in Korea, a 100hp high Tc superconducting(HTS) motor has been designed, developed and successfully tested recently. The design was based on 2-dimensional electromagnetic field analysis of cylindrical coordinate. The field winding of rotor was wound with Bi-2223 tapes and tested after assembled with other rotor components. The stator had air-gap type armature windings which allow higher terminal voltage and more sinusoidal voltage waveform than conventional iron cored machines. Steady state open & short-circuit test and resistive load test were conducted also in generator mode. The fabrication and test results of this machine were discussed in this paper.

Characteristics of the break down current of HTS tape with different insulator are described. The various insulators are utilized for enduring the high voltage in superconducting power devices. The break down current of HTS tape largely depends on insulators wound round HTS tape. In this research, The break down currents of Bi-2223 tape, which is widely used for superconducting power devices are tested and discussed. It is expected that results from this study can be utilized as basic data in designing superconducting power devices.

The measurements were performed to assess the insulation deterioration condition of the stator winding of Dae-Cheong hydro-generator ${\sharp}2$ which had been in service after being constructed 1980. After repair of the stator winding insulation. we conducted insulation diagnostic tests which include resistance, polarization index(P. I). AC current, dissipation factor($Tan{\delta}$) and partial discharges ($Q_{max}$). The results of diagnostic tests were compared to the previous records. On the basis of these test results. this paper tried to present the importance of insulation repair for the generator stator winding.

In this paper, a new approach detecting broken rotor bars in a squirrel-cage induction motor is proposed. The air-gap flux variation analysis was done using search coils inserted in stator slots when broken rotor bar conditions occur. An accurate modelling and analysis of air-gap flux variation in the induction motor are developed using finite-element(FE) software packages, and measuring the flux we made using search coils. In the FE analysis, the three-phase squirrel-gage induction motor with 380 [V], 5 [HP], 4 Poles, 1,742 [rpm] ratings is used.

In this paper, we investigated the operational characteristics of the fault current limiting in the The flux-lock type high-Tc superconducting fault current limiter. The flux-lock type high-Tc superconducting fault current limiter was consisted of primary and secondary copper coils that flux was locked on iron core and YBCO thin film. The operational characteristic of a flux-lock type SFCL dependent on winding direction of coil 1 and coil 2, and the number of turns of coil 1 and coil 2, inductances of the coils, saturation in iron core, the properties of superconducting element etc. In this cases, we investigated the fault currents limiting characteristics of the flux-lock type SFCL when winding direction of coil 1 and coil 2 was subtractive polarity winding.

Superconducting transmission power cable is one of interesting parts in power application using high temperature superconducting wire. One of important parameters in high-temperature superconducting (HTSC) cable design is transport current distribution because it is related with current transmission capacity and ac loss. In this paper, the transport current and magnetic field distributions at conducting layers were investigated through the analysis of the equivalent circuit for HTSC power cable with shield layer. The transport current distribution due to the pitch length and winding direction was improved in case of HTSC power cable with shield layer.

This paper proposed a new control method for single-phase hybrid active power filter. The proposed algorithm can change single phase system into the orthogonal system which has two phases giving time-delay in regular single phas and making the imaginary second phase. It can make orthogonal system like as being used in $3{\phi}/2{\phi}$ transformation with two phases. It can do complex calculation which calculates intantaneous reactive power. Istead of existing method applying to intantaneous reactive power theory in fixed reference frame, this paper proposed the algorithm which has advantage over reducing harmonics using rotating reference frame. It verified the effectiveness the proposed method through simulation and experiment.

본 논문에서는 $400^{\circ}C$ 이상의 과열 증기발생을 위하여 6kW급 유도가열장치를 개발하여 식품건조 시스템에 적용한 예를 보인다. 유도가열장치는 과열 증기의 온도를 제어하기 위하여 인버터 입력 전압을 $100\sim200V$로 가변제어가 가능하게 하였고, 인버터 입력 전압은 벅컨버터를 사용하여 기준 전압을 과열증기의 온도에 대한 전압 값을 사용하여 제어하였으며, LC 공진에 의해 발생한 전류로 증기 가열 챔버를 유도 가열하여 과열 증기를 발생하게 하였다. 발생한 과열 증기는 식품 건조를 위하여 건조로에 투입되어 고온 건조에서 식품의 건조시간을 단축시킬 수 있었으며, 식품의 손상을 줄일 수 있었다. 이의 검증을 위하여 유도 가열 장치를 설계/제작하여 실험하였으며, 식품 건조 테스트를 행하였다.

In this paper, small-signal modeling and closed-loop performance of charge control employed to an asymmetrical half-bridge (ASHB) dc-to-dc converters are investigated. The charge control is selected as an alternative to the conventional voltage-mode control and peak current-mode (PCM) control, which have their respective limitations and problems when adapted to ASHB dc-to-dc converters. The current-loop dynamics of the charge control are presented in comparison with those of voltage-mode and PCM control. This paper demonstrates that the charge control offers better dynamic performance compared to voltage-mode control and superior noise characteristics compared to PCM control. The potential problem of charge control are also addressed.

This paper presents design of a class D Amplifier using multi-level switching and Zero-Voltage-Switching(ZVS) technique. The amplifier circuit features zero voltage switching at all switches of the circuit and multi-level switching operation so that the higher efficiency and lower THD could be achieved. A 50-W prototype D class amplifier built and tested it. As a result, the maximum efficiency of $96\%$ and the THD of under $60\%$ were obtained.

In this paper, a PWM SEPIC AC-AC converter for VVCF applications such as AC line conditioner, phase shifter is presented. The PWM SEPIC AC-AC converter is modelled by using complex circuit DQ transformation whereby the characteristics equations such as voltage gain and input power factor is analytically obtained. Finally, the PSIM simulation shows the validity of the modelling and analysis.

The fundamental digital control of utility-connected PV inverter are presented with detailed analysis and simulation and experimental results. PLL controller using virtual two phase detector, current controller of DC-DC converter, dc link voltage controller and inverter current controller are discussed. The novel PLL controller using virtual two phase detector can detect the information of utility voltage instantaneously and is not sensitive to the noise. Current controller of DC-DC converter, dc link voltage controller and inverter current controller are the conventional methods. We have constructed utility-Connected PV Inverter and applied to those controllers. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate an excellent performance in the single-phase grid-connected operation.

The high frequency series resonant converter has been widely used for the non-contact power supply system with the large air gap and the increased leakage inductance of the non-contact transformer. However. the high frequency series resonant converter has the disadvantages of high voltage gain characteristics in the overall load range due to the large air gap and the circulating magnetizing current. In this paper, unit voltage gain is revealed in the proposed three-level series-parallel resonant converter. The results are verified on the simulation results and the 5kW experimental prototype.

Voltage source inverters are required dead time to prevent the short current in the dc link. In recent years, the dead time effect has been investigated in many literatures. This paper presents on the novel space vector PWM inverter without dead time. The proposed inverter don't need to sense load current and to calculate for dead time compensation. Transformers are inserted each leg in the proposed inverter. The proposed method is analyzed each mode and then the simulation results verify the proposed method.

포항 방사광 가속기의 선형가속기는 2.5GeV 전자빔용 마이크로웨이브의 발생을 위하여 80 MW급 클라이스트론(klystron) 11대와 입사부용 65 MW 급 클라이스트론 1대를 사용한다. 80 MW 급 클라이스트론 부하를 구동하기 위하여 최대 펄스 정격출력 200MW(400kV, 500A, 평탄도 $4.4\;{\mu}s$)인 대출력 펄스 전원공급 장치(modulator)가 요구된다. 모듈레이터 시스템 용 PFN(pulse forming network) 커패시터의 충전용 입력전원으로써 최대 출력전압 50 kV, ${\pm}\;0.5\%$ 이내의 전압제어가 가능한 고전압 인버터 전원장치를 적용하여 PLS 선형가속기용 국산화 개발 클라이스트론 부하의 성능시험을 수행하였다. 국산화 개발된 S-band 펄스 클라이스트론은 고전압 길들이기 과정을 거쳐 최대 정격 출력 빔 전압 400 kV 이상까지 시험 완료하였다. 클라이스트론의 정확한 RF 출력성능의 측정을 위하여 방향성 결합기와 검파기를 설치하여 측정시스템의 성능을 개선하였다. 본 논문에서는 포항 방사광 가속기의 국산화 개발 1호 클라이스트론 부하의 성능시험을 위한 50 kV 급 인버터시스템 적용과정에서 수행하였던 시험장치 개선과 PFN의 충전 특성을 분석하였다. 또한, 클라이스트론의 고전압 및 RF 길들이기 시험 결과에 관하여 고찰하고자 한다.

본 논문에서는 DC-DC 컨버터의 온라인 진단을 위해 개발된 java VM(virtual machine) 기반 모니터링 시스템에 대하여 소개하고자 한다. 개발된 진단 플랫폼은 DC-DC 컨버터의 온라인 진단을 위해 시스템 식별 기법을 이용하여 진단을 위한 파라메터를 추정하고 추정된 결과를 인터넷을 통해 실시간으로 모니터링 할 수 있도록 제작되었다. 개발된 진단 플랫폼은 기존의 DC-DC 컨버터의 제어기와 직렬 통신으로 연결되어 있으며 웹을 통해 주요 제어 변수의 설정과 모니터링이 가능하도록 제작되었다. 웹 서비스를 위해서 StrongArm 기반의 플랫폼을 적용하였으며 리눅스 환경에서 java VM을 이용하여 웹 서비스를 구현하였다. 본 논문에서 제시된 기술은 향후 산업용 장치들의 웹 기반 진단 및 모니터링 기술에 이용될 예정이다.

Focus Electrode(FE) 기능을 갖는 진행파관 증폭기(TWTA)를 구동하기 위하여 고전압 펄스전원 장치가 필요하다. 이 전원장치는 영부터 -5.0 kV TWT 캐소드 고전압 위에서 펄스 출력으로 동작되어야 한다 고전압펄스전원장치는 바이어스 전압이 영부터 -1.5 kV사이를 연속적으로 가변 할 수 있어야 하고, 펄스의 반복 주파수는 CW로 부터 1 kHz 그리고 펄스폭은 $10\;{\mu}s$부터 $500\;{\mu}s$로 선택 가능하여야 한다. 그리고 출력펄스의 상승 및 하강 시간은 150 ns 보다 작아야 한다. 턴-온 및 오프의 스윗칭 시간을 만족시키기 위하여 고전압 스위치는 직렬로 연결된 FET 모듈을 사용하였다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 고전압 펄스전원장치의 설계 및 제작원리 그리고 시험결과에 대하여 다루었다.

This paper presents a boost circuit topology driving in high - frequency. It solves the problem which arised from hard-switching in high-frequency using a period of resonant circuit and operating under the principle of ZCS turn-on and ZCZVS turn-off commutation schemes. In the existing circuit, it has the high voltage stress in free-wheeling diode. But in the proposed circuit, it has voltage stress which is lower than voltage stress of existing circuit with modifing a location of free-wheeling diode. In this paper, it explained the circuit operation of each mode and the waveform of each mode. Also the experiment result compares the existing voltage stress of free-wheeling diode with the proposed voltage stress of that.

풍력을 이용한 풍력발전기의 전력변환 시스템을 개발하기 위해서는 바람특성을 정확히 분석하고 이를 대치할 수 있는 모의시험 장치가 필수적이다. 모의시험 장치는 풍향, 풍속 등의 인자들을 입력받아 회전 블레이드의 토오크를 전동기가 대신해서 발전기에 공급하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 풍력발전 모의시험 장치를 이용해서 현재 개발 중인 750kW gearless형 풍력발전 시스템의 인버터 특성과 고효율의 전력변환 설계를 위해 시험용 지그에서 시험한 결과를 보이고자 한다.

Ozone gas is one of the strongest oxidizing and bleaching agents which leave no residues harmful to the global environment. In recent years, the ozone generator has been widely utilized, However, it has been known that a broader application of ozone is hindered primarily because of its low efficiency of generation. Thus, it is more indispensable to improve actual system efficiency of the silent discharge type ozonizer using high frequency inverter. This paper presents a multi level resonant ozone power regulation by association of high frequency transformers and full bridge invert. And proposed resonant inverter system can generate continuous output voltage. can control linearly quantity of ozone gas. This invert that add PWM forms within square forms of output voltage about one level range. The power regulation characteristics and operating performances of silent discharge (SD)type ozone generating tube load driven by this load proposed inverter using FET modules are illustrated from a practical point of view, which can operate under stable conditions of basic level and PWM hybrid control strategy implemented DSP(2406). The effectoveness of propsed invert type ozonizer is proved by experiment results.

This paper represents the improvement of floating point operation for AC servo motor controller based on fixed point operation DSP. TMS320F2812 has fixed point operation processing structure. The controller parameters are modified to the digitized data by scaling the original parameters. TMS320F 2812 is a 32-bit processor, and it could have enough accuracy to got the digitized data this procedure is implemented and the experiments controling a AC servo system.

When The temperature of the joining of SCR rises major changes of characteristics are increase of leakage current, decrease of break-down voltage, and increase of turn off time. Because these changes promote the inferiority of SCR it(SCR) will get out of control and its life time will be shortened and finally it will be destroyed. In this paper, we will measure the changes of the characteristics in accordance with a rise in temperature. On the basis of the result we will find out the appropriate time to change SCR and we will use the result for the maintenance of SCR and increase of reliability of SCR.

This paper propose the control algorithm for improving the power quality through the voltage compensation when source voltage is dropped. The algorithm signified occurrence of voltage drop in source voltage of each phase storing source voltage for two cycles using the concept of moving average and using the source voltage of last half cycle. If there are voltage drops in the source voltages, series active power filter compensates the differences between reference waveform and source voltage waveform. Therefore, voltage drop is compensated. It proposed series active power filter of three phases three lines to apply to the proposed algorithm and the presented experiment results verified logicality and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

AC plasma power supply is used to control a ozone generator and a air pollution gas. AC plasma power supply is composed of power semiconductor switch devices and control board adapted SHE(Selected Harmonic Elimination) PWM method. AC plasma power supply with sinusoidal VVVF(variable voltage and variable frequency) is realized. Its output voltage range is from 0 [V] to 20[kV] and output frequency range is from 8[kHz] to 20[kHz]. Using proposed system, AC high voltage and high frequency discharge is tested in the DBD(dieletric barrier discharge) reactor, and the space distribution of a its non-thermal plasma is observed. In spite of the increasement of voltage and frequency, the proposed system have a stable operation characteristics. It is verified by the experimental results.

The Cold-Cathode Fluorescent Lamps (CCFL) are widely used to illuminate the liquid crystal displays(LCD) used in many battery powered instrument. This paper presents analysis of fly-back converter for universal-line applications($90\sim265Vac$) and half-bridge type resonant inverter for CCFL drive for stable characteristic and life improvement of fluorescent lamp operation frequency is higher than resonant frequency for safe operation. The validity of this study was confirmed from the simulation and experiential result.

CCFL(cold cathode fluorescent lamp) are used to backlight of LCD(liquid crystal display). CCFL dimming methods are used to pulse frequency modulation(PFM) or pulse width modulation(PWM). In this paper, design of CCFL driving and control circuit by half-bridge type series and parallel resonant inverter that variable frequency modulation method to control the output voltage current. Inverter switching frequency is higher than resonant frequency for stable operating, and it is possible dimming control. On the basis of equivalent circuit, the validity of this study is confirmed by the comparison of simulation and experimental result.

Conventional Switched Mode Power Supplies(SMPS) with diode-capacitor rectifier have distorted input current waveform with high harmonic contents. Typically, these SMPS have a power factor lower than 0,65. To improve with this problem the power factor correction(PFC) circuit of power supplies has to be introduced. PFC circuit have tendency to be applied in new power supply designs. The input active power factor correction circuits can be implemented using either the two-stage or the single-stage approach. In this paper, the comparative analysis of power factor correction circuit using feedforward control with average current mode single-stage flyback method converter and two-stage converter which is combination of boost and flyback converter. The two prototypes of 50W were designed and tested a laboratory experimental. Also, the comparative analysis is confirmed by simulation and experimental results.

This paper presents a modified PI control algorithm using pole placement for DC-to-DC converter of a magnetic levitation system(MAGLEV). The gains of the control algorithm were selected based on pole locations formulated from a prototype Bessel transfer function model. The design incorporate tradeoffs in DC-to-DC converter hardware parameters and pole locations. In order to confirm the superiority of the proposed pole selection and controller, simulation and experiment results are presented.

In this paper, we propose a new discrete-time predictive current controller for a PM-LSM(permanent magnet linear synchronous motor). The main objectives of the current controllers are to ensure that the measured stator currents tract the command values accurately and to shorten the transient interval as much as possible, in order to obtain high-performance of ac drive system. A new control strategy is seen the scheme that gets the fast adaptation of transient current change, the fast transient response tracking and is proposed simplified calculation. Moreover, the simulation results will be verified the improvements of predictive controller and accuracy of the current controller.

In difference with the rotary type electrical machinery, the linear induction motor(LIM) that generates the direct thrust directly, is widely used for the operation system of electrified railroad, elevation system, conveyer system, and so on. The operational principle of linear induction motor is constructively similar to the general rotary induction motor. It is difficult to realize the complicate linear induction motor which is applied SVPWM system, but widely used in vector motor control system or servo control system because of its high performance in current control. In this paper, we presented the dynamic characteristic analyzing methode, and calculated efficiently the end effect by using equivalent circuit methode in the operating linear induction motor control system for Maltlab simulink modeling.

A novel lossless passive snubber is proposed for soft switching the boost type converters. The proposed snubber does not use any auxiliary switches. but uses two identical snubber capacitors which are charged in parallel at turn off of the main switch and discharged in series at turn on automatically, and the discharged energy is recovered effectively (more than $95[\%]$ recovery) into the output capacitor. Thus, the snubber provides zero voltage switching for the converter main switch, reducing both the turn off losses and the electromagnetic interference(EMI) noise, whitch improves the converter performance. The experimental results of a 20[kHz] 600[W] DC-DC boost converter and a single-phase AC-DC boost rectifier with the new snubber are presented.

A resonant type voltage source and power device and a control method using Pulse Density Modulation(PDM) power control and Pulse Width Modulation(PWM) voltage control for plasma sterilization are described. For the stability of discharge in the generating tube

In this paper, we represent both occurrence reason of Surge-voltage and Leakage current of AC drive system which is operated by Voltage-type PWM Inverter. It generates a compensating voltage which has the same amplitude as, but the opposite phase to, the common-mode voltage produced by the PWM inverter. The compensating voltage is superimposed on the inverter output by a common-mode transformer. As a result, the common-mode voltage applied to the load is canceled completely. The design method of the active common-mode noise canceler is also presented in detail. Therefore, we try to describe the method controling both of them and all of the proprieties are proved by our experiment.

This paper presents the large-signal transient analysis of a self-driven active-clamp forward converter, eliminating the extra drive circuit for the active clamp switch. The operation principle of the converter was presented and experiential results were used to verify the analyzed results. A 50-W prototype converter built and tested it. From the tested results, input transient response and load transient response of the converter were established.

In this paper, electronic ballast with Interleaved Boost Cell is presented. The proposed topology is based on a single-stage ballast which combines a boost converter and a half-bridge series resonant inverter High power factor and low THD(reduction of current ripple) are achieved by using the boost semi-stage operating in discontinuous conduction mode, and inverter semi-stage operated above resonant frequency to provide zero voltage switching is employed to ballast the fluorescent lamp. The experimental results from the ballast system with fluorescent lamps have demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed electronic ballast.

As rapid growth of energy demand in line with modem society's industrialization led to environmental pollution by fossil fuels, there are more and more interest and international research on energization of water, which is clean energy and comprising $70\%$ of earth. In offshore countries, the water is commercially used already and water has very attractive characteristics in terms of economy and efficiency compared to the existing gas welder. In this paper, the result from operating characteristic improvement of Gas Generator and Current-Controlled converter is to be considered into design in electrode, source and controller, standized into level of whole system design base.

This paper considers the design and implementation of novel technique of speed estimation and control for IPMSM using hybrid intelligent control. The hybrid combination of neural network and adaptive fuzzy control will produce a powerful representation flexibility and numerical processing capability. Also, this paper is proposed speed control of IPMSM using adaptive neural network fuzzy(A-NNF) and estimation of speed using artificial neural network(ANN) controller. This paper is proposed the theoretical analysis as well as the simulation results to verify the effectiveness of the new hybrid intelligent control.

This paper is proposed adaptive fuzzy-neural network controller(NFC) for speed control of surface permanent magnet synchronous motor(SPMSM) drive. The design of this algorithm based on NFC that is implemented using fuzzy control and neural network. This controller uses fuzzy rule as training patterns of a neural network. Also, this controller uses the back-propagation method to adjust the weights between the neurons of neural network in order to minimize the error between the command output and actual output. A model reference adaptive scheme is proposed in which the adaptation mechanism is executed by fuzzy logic based on the error and change of error measured between the motor speed and output of a reference model. The control performance of the adaptive NFC is evaluated by analysis for various operating conditions. The results of analysis prove that the proposed control system has strong high performance and robustness to parameter variation, and steady-state accuracy and transient response.

This paper is proposed a fuzzy neural network controller based on the vector controlled surface permanent magnet synchronous motor(SPMSM) drive system. The hybrid combination of neural network and fuzzy control will produce a powerful representation flexibility and numerical processing capability. Also, this paper is proposed speed control of SPMSM using neuro-fuzzy control(NFC) and estimation of speed using artificial neural network(ANN) Controller. The back propagation neural network technique is used to provide a real time adaptive estimation of the motor speed. The error between the desired state variable and the actual one is back-propagated to adjust the rotor speed, so that the actual state variable will coincide with the desired one. The back propagation mechanism is easy to derive and the estimated speed tracks precisely the actual motor speed. This paper is proposed the theoretical analysis as well as the simulation results to verify the effectiveness of the new method.

This paper deals with a novel 3-phase power quality disturbance generator. The proposed generator can be applied to the performance that of custom power devices. Voltage sag, swell and outage are provided by the generator. The control scheme for the disturbance generation is simple, and hardware setup is cost effective, compared with conventional scheme. The operating principle of the generator is described and the usefulness verified through simulation with 10KVA power rating.

This paper deals with the operation of a flywheel energy storage UPS. The operating principle of the UPS is analysed in each mode including charging, voltage compensation, discharging, and voltage unbalance compensation. The usefulness of the operation is proved through simulations.

Direct Load Control(DLC) system is a load management program for stablization of electric power supply-demand. It is a series of acts limiting the demand of selected demand side at peak load or other time periods. Recently, power supply-demand instability due to dramatic increase in power usage such as summertime air-conditioning load has brought forecasts of decrease in power supply capability. Therefore heightening the load factor through systematic load management, in other words, Direct Load Control became necessary. By examining the composition and operation of the DLC system, this paper provides conceptional understanding of the DLC system and help in system research.

RF-ID system is one of the very interesting field not only in a technical and economical point of view but also that people are still trying to realize lossless power transmission. This paper has a purpose on the efficient power transmission at the passive type IDcard by using wireless power transmission system. The most difficult but important part of the passive type RF-ID system is building the system that supplies power from Reader-antenna to IDcard-antenna. To check what is the most efficient way to deliver power depending on what kind of specifications of the power-amp in reader, antenna and antenna in IDcard is for operating IDcard circuit efficiently receiving the power from reader-antenna. For this, we used 125kHz sinewave for RF signal as a basic specification, OP-amp for amplifying signal and power-amp for amplifying power, loop type antenna.

This is a thesis that a quarter-brick size of 100W class open-frame type on board power module comprising telecommunication application is reported. The input voltage is established between 36 and 75 in range in order for power module to be utilized for the telecommunication application, and output were set at 3.3V and 30A. A number of parts used for transformer, inductor, and hit sink are composed of PCB in order for DC-DC converter to be lowered below 8 mm. A constant current control circuit was annexed to the system as well as basic protection prototypes such as over-voltage, over-current, and over-temperature were well considered to enhance more credibility, and were tested. As a result, high circuit performance and credibility turned out to be significant.

This is a thesis experiment result which is reported with using 16-Bit microprocessor H8 series of Renesas company, organizing digital control which is practicable PWM embodiment, and applying switched-mode power supply. The basic topology consists of the active clamp forward DC-DC converter which is widely used for the highly efficient power supply these days. In an experiment, it incites the result to lay emphasis on the highly efficient operation of converter, and performance of digital control which is practicable PWM embodiment. And it is debated on performance of processor and condition for improving performance of part.

Recently the PDP is the most remarkable media for a next generation display device. In this paper, we proposed the PDP dedicated DC-DC converter using a new soft switching method because the PDP has a lot of power dissipation so we need to develope. The proposed converter using one transformer has soft switching and a advantage to lower voltage stress in switch and also is predicted to have high power efficiency. we proposed the principles and theory using the zero voltage switching and verified the validity through a experiment.

In this paper, we propose a new diagnosis method of DC/DC converter aging. The method is based on the variations of parasitic resistor for the aging process. We apply an on-line diagnosis of DC/DC converter because the observation is not a device, but a system. This study proposes a method of DC/DC converter diagnosis by analyzing the variations of model on the variations of parasitic resistor.

In this paper, we propose a new diagnosis method of DC/DC converter aging. The method is based on the variations of parasitic resistor for the aging process. We apply an on-line diagnosis of DC/DC converter because the observation is not a device, but a system. This study proposes a method of DC/DC converter diagnosis by analyzing the variations of model on the variations of parasitic resistor.

본 논문에서는 백라이트로 사용되는 CCFL의 점등을 위한 인버터를 연구대상으로 하였다. CCFL의 고전압 점등을 위해 다층 longitudinal 모드구조의 압전세라믹을 이용하였다. CCFL의 점등은 공진특성을 이용하는 것이므로 기계적인 공진주파수와 스위칭 주파수가 거의 일치할 수 있도록 L-C공진회로를 설계하였다. 인버터의 토플로지는 플라이백 기법을 적용하였으며 이를 위해서 권선의 배치에 의해 손실을 고려한 고주파 트랜스포머를 설계하였다. 시뮬레이션 및 실험 결과를 통하여 이에 대한 타당성을 입증하였다. 이로부터 공진주파수 48[kHz], 점등전압 600[V] 및 점등전류 6[mA] 얻었으며, 적용된 CCFL 램프사양은 관직경 $2.2{\phi}$와 관길이 314[mm], 압전세라믹 $43{\times}5.5{\times}2.3[mm]$를 이용하였다.

본 논문은 20kV 10kW급 고전압 직류 전원장치와 원격제어기의 개발에 대해서 기술하고 있다. 개발된 고전압 직류 전원장치는 다양한 고전압 시스템에 적용하기 위해서 출력전압이 최대 20kV까지 가변 가능하도록 설계되었으며 먼저, 펄스파워 시스템에 필요한 고전압 캐패시터 충전용 전원장치로서 사용하여 동작특성과 신뢰성을 확인하였다. 고전압 직류 전원장치는 단상 고주파 공진형 인버터 방식을 채용하였으며 스위칭 주파수를 최대 100kHz까지 가변시켜 출력전류를 제어하였다. 또한 인버터 출력이 인가되는 고전압 변압기에 2대의 단상 변압기를 사용하여 각각의 출력부담과 전기적 절연내력을 낮출 수 있었다. 한편, 고전압 시스템에 적용 할 때, 조작자의 안전성을 높이고 동작상태를 실시간으로 진단하기 위해서 원격제어기를 개발하였으며 다양한 조건에서의 시뮬레이션과 실험을 통해 개발된 고전압 전원장치와 원격제어기의 동작특성을 확인하였다

Fluorescent lamp ballast using piezoelectric transformer were fabricated and its characteristic was investigated. Traditional electronic ballast is composed of basic blocks, which are composed of rectifier, power factor corrector and resonant inverter fluorescent lamp. The proposed electronic ballast has several advantages accordingly, traditional ballast was replaced fabricated electronic ballast using piezo electronic transformer and VCO oscillated, because of its lighter weight, high efficiency and saving energy.

The control method of programmable dynamometer for overall test of machine is to load the reference torque which is computed from torque transducer into motor under test. But the torque information detected from torque transducer have a lot of noise when the load torque of meter is a small quantity or changing. Thus, torque transducer must have a low pass filter to detect a definite torque information. But The torque delay generated by filter with torque transducer occur a torque trouble for moter torque of programmable dynamometer. Therefore, this kind of system could not perform dynamic and nonlinear load. In this paper, the control method using the load torque observer without a measure for torque transducer is proposed. The proposed system improved the problem of the torque measuring delay with torque transducer, and the load torque is estimated by the minimal order state observer based on the torque component of the vector control induction meter. Therefore, the torque controller is not affected by a load torque disturbance.

대형역이나 교차역의 경우 스케쥴 혼란이나 역구내운행열차의 본선진로 방해유발작업으로 인한 선로나 홈의 점유계획 변경이 빈번하게 일어나며 이를 최단시간에 최적으로 조정함으로써 열차 및 관련인원의 안전을 확보하고 운행시간을 단축하며 역의 자원을 낭비 없이 사용할 수 있는 시스템의 개발이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 현재의 집중제어체계와 병용이 가능한 자율분산형 열차트래픽제어 체계와 향후 개발방향을 제시한다.

Using AF(Audio Frequency) track circuits to control block signal automatically. ATC(Automatic Train Control) system employed in urban transit 3/4 line, Gwacheon-line, Bundang-line and Ilsan-line pursues the safety of train operation. ATC is employed as important means for the safety. in which the distance between trains is controlled to satisfy the safety requirement. In this paper, we analyze the control algorithm of ATC and investigate the improvement plan of urban transit driving control mode to guarantee the automatic driving function.

Recently, the study for development of system having affinity for environment is on investigation. This issue is also applicable to transportation system. This paper suggested the inductive power transformer used for the road/railway applied to contactless power transfer system. The two secondary windings, large gaped magnetic structure and horizontal alignment between primary and secondary coil for that transformer approach a process for improvement of contactless power transfer system performance.

무선을 이용한 위치 추적방법은 최근에 많은 관심을 받고 있다. 이 방법들은 적용지역환경 및 대상에 따라 적절한 방법을 선정하여 사용하는 것이 중요할 뿐만 아니라 신뢰성을 갖는 것 또한 매우 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 일정한 노선으로 움직이는 열차라는 이동체를 대상으로 하여 적용 가능한 알고리즘에 대하여 검토하였으며, 이는 1차원에서 물체의 위치를 추적하는 방법으로써, 열차와 같은 일정한 노선 위를 이동하는 물체의 위상을 추적하여 이동체의 위치를 결정하는 알고리즘 구현을 위한 방법과 조건을 제시하였다.

현재, 고속철도차량의 국내기술확보를 위해 한국형 고속전철이 개발되어 단품시험, 완성차시험, 공장시험 등을 통해 기본적인 성능을 확인한 후 현재는 본선시운전 시험을 실시하고 있다. 시제차량의 성능 및 기능을 종합적이고 효율적으로 확인하기 위해 고속철도 시운전시험시 상시 계측시스템을 시제차량에 설치하여 운영하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 상시계측시스템을 이용하여 보조전원장치에 대한 성능평가와 고장진단을 실시한 것에 대하여 연구하였다.

고속철도는 수많은 하이테크 기술의 결정체이며, 이 중에서도 주변압기, 주전력변환장치 및 주전동기는 차량의 성능을 결정하는 매우 중요한 요소이다. 이러한 전장품들에 대한 다양한 성능을 평가하고 진단하기 위해 상시계측시스템을 구축하여 활용하고 있다. 이러한 계측장비들은 여러 전장품에 대한 계측 및 분석을 통한 시험평가와 동시에 완성차시험이나 본선시운전 시험시에 발생할 수 있는 고장원인을 찾아내고 해결하는데 많은 도움을 주고 있다. 본 논문에서는 상시계측시스템을 통해 주변압기, 주전력변환장치, 전동기 등에 대한 고장진단을 실시한 내용에 대하여 연구하였다.

Tilting train has been developed to increase the operational speed of the trains on conventional lines which have many curves. This train are tilted at curves to compensate for unbalanced carbody centrifugal acceleration to a greater extent than compensation produced by the track cant, so that passengers do not feel centrifugal acceleration and thus trains can run at higher speed at curves. This paper show that results of normal capacity calculations of the electrical equipments such as Main transformer, PWM converter, VVVF inverter, traction motor in TTX(tilting train express) with maximum operation speed 180 km/h

This paper presents a model and simulation for the korean type multi-propulsion system consisting of a gas turbine driven synchronous alternator coupled to a rectifier and dc-to-dc converter. The simulation modules include turbine system, alternator and rectifier, dc-to-dc converter, power management module. A modular, system level simulation of the propulsion system prototype is presented in order to confirm stability for loads with uncertain input impedances and uncertain control loop speeds.

Lately, there is urban transit vehicles in trend that speed is increased and safety are reinforced. In the case of Japan, is developing vehicles that the electric motor of direct drive type for maintenance expense curtailment and noise decrease. It is predicted to happen the demand of EMU met new environment such as wide area railway in domestic. Furthermore, It is need the introduction of vehicles met new standard according to reinforcement of safety standard such as interior finishing material. Therefore, This paper present about the development direction of urban transit vehicles in domestic environment.

인구가 증가하면서 인간의 생활활동 범위가 증가되었고 이에 따라 운송시스템에 대한 수요가 크게 증대되고 있다. 그러나 물류 이동에 필요한 여러 가지 제반시설은 이를 충족시키지 못하고 있으며, 이로 인하여 현재 국내의 물류수송효율은 최악의 상황에 직면해있다. 이로써 대용량의 수송능력을 담당하는 철도차량 운송 시스템에 대한 수요가 급증하게 되었다. 따라서 이에 대비하고자 많은 신규 노선을 계획하고, 이와 함께 신설되는 노선에 대해서는 시스템 운영 효율의 극대화를 위해 노선별로 고속전철과 지하철, 경전철, 틸팅차량, 그리고 자기부상열차 시스템 등 여러 가지 방식이 검토 중에 있으며 차량에 가장 적합한 추진시스템을 설계하는 것이 차량의 성능에 크게 향상시킬 수 있다.

기존노선을 이용한 고속화 신기술 개발사업 과제를 수행하여 중장거리 및 도시간의 교통해소를 위해 중고속 철도차량을 개발하여 최고속도 180km/h의 속도로 운행할수 있는 차량의 주요 전기시스템인 주변압기, 주변환장치, 견인전동기, 보조전원장치의 설계 및 사양을 정립하여 TTX차량을 제작하는 연구를 수행하였다.

There are many types of BOM, such as EBOM, MBOM, As-Built BOM, As-Designed BOM, Generic BOM, Customized BOM, etc. We should define an adequate BOM to achieve some purposes. In this paper, we proposed BOM structure for EMU Maintenance Information System. First of all, we define Master BOM including all part's information, such as 2D/3D drawings, images, specification, etc. And then we define Object BOM that is functional structure for someone to achieve maintenance works. Object BOM will be applied to configure sales orders, explode aggregate forecasts, and calculate standard cost.

The existing problems of the Electro-Magnetic Suspension system such as air-gap disturbance, mass variation and actuator/sensor failure are described in amore specific manner. These problem can not be solved by conventional state-feedback and output-feedback control. Extended Kalman Filter is to linearize about a trajectory that is continually updated with the state estimates resulting from the measurements. In this paper, first, the physical properties of the EMS system are described. second, Extended Kalman Filer designed as form appliable EMS system. It is shown that state estimation performance can be obtained with the use of Extended Kalman filter, and that results from simulation, stability analyze.

The existing problems of the Electro-Magnetic Suspension system such as air-gap disturbance, mass variation and actuator/sensor failure are described in amore specific manner. General active filter has a bad influence on suspension stability. Kalman Filter is based on statistical parameter. Thus, in this paper, It is shown that filtering performance of Kalman Filter and Active filter is excellent with simulation and experiment, stability analyze for air-gap disturbance.

근래에 DSP설계기술은 하루가 다르게 성장 해가고 있다. 기존에 많은 양의 소수점 연산이 필요한 기기에 자주 사용되어왔던 TMS320C3x DSP시리즈는 소수점연산에는 유리하지만 DSP를 사용하기 위해 외부메모리 및 A/D컨버터, PWM제너레이터, 엔코더 카운팅 회로 등 주변회로를 설계하는데 많은 시간과 비용이 소비되었다. TMS320LF2407은 기존에 사용하던 복잡한 주변회로가 모두 하나의 컨트롤러에 내장되어 있어 사용하기가 편리하며 고속의 연산능력이 있다. 본 논문에서는 자기부상시스템을 모델링하고 이산시간에서 처리 가능한 다이나믹필터와 상태궤환제어기를 설계한 뒤 DSP를 이용한 부상실험셋트를 구성하여 실험을 통해 DSP의 효용성을 검증하고자 한다.

The inherent pulsating force generation makes the control of switched-reluctance motor quite complicate. So in this paper, an orthogonal scheme that can be applied to the control of LSRM will be presented. By using this scheme, the motor reluctance forces, which are magnetically decoupled and position dependent, can be projected onto sets of stationary axes that are aligned with the motor fixed secondary poles. Hence the electromagnetic forces can be controlled not only for driving the LSRM at its propulsive direction but also for alleviating the load at its normal direction. Simulation results will be provided to show the validity of the proposed scheme.

In this paper, Traction system and electric devices of double deck is designed to examine technical reasonableness for driving on the ground and underground. Other countries's double decks is considered. For designing the electric devices, two accelerations are considered and design criterion are given.

경부고속전철에서 사용되는 제동시스템의 성능 및 특성을 종합적이고 효율적으로 확인하기 위하여 차량 내에 상시 계측시스템을 구축하였으며, 차량의 제동과 관련된 측정과 평가는 경부고속전철이 상업 운행을 하는 차량이므로 구성품의 변경을 가져오지 않는 범위 내에서 수행하였다. 경부고속전철의 차량 내에 설치된 계측장비와 Lab VIEW로 개발된 계측프로그램을 이용하여 제동관련 데이터를 실시간으로 감시하고 측정하였다. 또한 차후에 분석프로그램을 통해 제동시스템의 성능 및 특성을 알아보기 위해 시운전 시험 중에 제동관련 데이터를 실시간으로 저장하였다. 본 논문은 경부고속전철의 전기제동에 대한 설계치와 실측치를 서로 비교하였으며, 이에 제동시스템의 성능을 정확하게 확인하고 검증할 수 있었다.

The accurate analysis on railway traction power system should be carried out a load forecast preferentially. Commonly, it has been performed through Train Performance Simulator (TPS). In the study focused on velocity or location of train, however, the electric power consumption have been computed by converting mechanical power according to given velocity. Therefore, this paper presents a development of a mathematical model for electric load. The proposed load model is expressed as polynomial to reflect the influence of variance of train speed, that is, the model expresses the power as a function of train speed. in this study, method of the least squares method is used to find each coefficient and field test is performed to acquire data, electric power and speed of train in commercial running line.

The hydraulic brake system is recently apply to the AGT system such merit as installation is convenient and brake force is stronger than pneumatic brake system. The hydraulic brake system consist of brake operating unit, electronic control unit, air compressor and pneumatic/hydraulic tranducer. The components of it are controlled and designed to perform the function of brake system. Therefore, This paper design and the hydraulic brake system and propose the derection of development for Urban Transit System.

철도 신호제어장치들은 각자 고유의 기능을 수행하면서 각 장치간 통신링크를 통하여 하나의 신호제어시스템을 구성하고 있다. 특히 철도청에서 통합 CTC 시스템을 구축하면서 신호제어시스템 이외의 SCADA나 여객정보안내 시스템 등과도 인터페이스를 통해 기존의 열차제어 기능만을 수행하는 것에서 타 시스템과의 통신을 통한 종합적인 정보시스템으로 발전하고 있다. 이러한 CTC장치와 외부설비들간의 인터페이스는 철도정보시스템의 발달에 따라 매우 중요한 부분이 되고 있으며, 본 논문에서는 이중 SCADA 장치와의 인터페이스를 위한 프로토콜 구조를 연구하였다. 이에 따라 본 논문에서는 기존의 도시철도, 경부고속철도 등의 프로토콜의 분석을 바탕으로 철도청 통합 CTC와 SCADA 장치간 통신을 위해 설계한 프로토콜 구조를 제시하고, 또한 설계한 프로토콜에 대한 안전성과 필연성을 정형검증(Formal Verification) 결과를 설명한다.

전기철도에서는 한 전철변전소에서 급전이 용이하지 못할 경우 인근변전소에서 연장급전을 수행한다. 특히 AT(Auto Transformer)와 BT(Booster Transformer)급전시스템이 인접한 경우 연장급전운영을 하기 위한 방안 및 전기적인 요소를 급전계통모의를 통하여 검토하여 그 급전가능성을 제시한다.

When an underground pipeline runs parallel with DC-powered railways, it suffers from electrolytic corrosion caused by the stray current leaked from the railway negative returns. Perforation due to the electrolytic corrosion may bring about large-scale accidents even cathodically protected systems. Traditionally, bonding methods such as direct drainage, polarized drainage and forced drainage have been used in order to mitigate the damage on pipelines. In particular, the forced drainage method is widely adopted in Seoul. In this paper, we report the analysis of the stray current conditions in Seoul subway DC electrification system.

When an underground pipeline runs parallel with subway DC electrification system, it suffers from stray current corrosion caused by the stray current from the rails negative returns. Perforation due to the stray current corrosion may bring about disastrous accidents such even in cathodically protected systems. Traditionally, bonding methods such as direct drainage, polarized drainage and forced drainage have been used in order to mitigate the damage on pipelines. In particular, the forced drainage method is widely adopted in Busan. In this paper, we report the real-time measurement data of the pipe-to-soil potential variation in the presence and absence of the IR compensation. The drainage current variation was also measured using the Stray Current Logger developed. By analyzing them, the problems of current countermeasures for stray current corrosion are discussed.

At present. distance relay and ${\Delta}I$ current increment relay are used as primary and secondary protection in the AC feeder system. However. electric railway vehicles according to power electronic's development had developed resistance control, thyristor phase control and PWM control system. and operation of train is increasing in a feeder section. Therefore this paper analyzes the load characteristics and situation of relay's maloperation caused by load current increase, harmonics, regenerative braking current and operation of the different vehicles in same feeder section. Based on this analysis. this paper proposes consideration items for relay correction and advanced adaptive relay that can change operation area according to load current.

This paper presents the design of DC protection Relay for Light Rail Transit system, which is very beginning product in domestic. Protection Function characteristic, principle and I/O interface including interlock signal has been introduced. The protection algorithm and EMC characteristics have been certified by official organization and Type test report has been introduced. Up to date in domestic, the test procedure for DC Protection relay hasn't been established so the new method and test equipment based on IEC regulations are proposed. Finally the product will be proved based on field test.

When an underground pipeline runs parallel with DC traction systems, it suffers from DC traction interference. Because the train is fed by the substation through the overhead wire and return current back to the substation via the rails. If these return rails are poorly insulated from earth, DC current leak into the earth and can be picked up by nearby pipeline. It may bring about large-scale accidents even in cathodically protected systems. In this paper we analyze the cathodic protection systems of buried pipelines and DC traction stray current influence on it using the simulation software CatPro. We can discuss the problems and mitigation of DC traction interference for protected pipeline.

This paper presents the AC electric railway system modeling using PSCAD/EMTDC program. This system model is composed of the scott-transformer the auto-transformer. the running rails. the protection wires, the feeders. the catenary and contact wires, etc. After obtaining the models of the fundamental elements describing the AC electric railway system and its behavior, we have analyzed and tested real traction power feeding system focused on the amplification of harmonic current to verify the proposed model. The simulation results from the proposed approach and the measurement data from the test are described in the paper.

It is essential to evaluate harmonic characteristics of high speed train using power electronics equipment such as converter-driven motor drives, battery chargers and auxiliary power supplies. The purpose of this study is to measure and analyze harmonics characteristics of korea high speed train prototype. This paper presents result of harmonics measurement and analysis of harmonics characteristics in terms of loading, speed and operation mode.

This paper presents a modelling methodology using fuzzy logic and train performance simulation for determining an economical running pattern for a high speed train which minimizes energy consumption under an given trip margin. The economical running pattern is defined with an economical maximum speed in traction phase, a speed at the end of coasting. As a case study, the simulation is carried out for an economical run of korea high speed train prototype, and the results of fuzzy model described.

경부고속철도 급전구간을 운행하는 KTX 고속열차는 싸이리스터 위상제어방식을 사용하는 대용량의 집중부하로 고속열차가 운행될 때 차량에서 발생되는 많은 고조파 전류가 철도급전계통으로 유입된다. 이러한 고조파 전류가 한국전력계통으로 유입되면 한전계통의 전압왜형율을 증가시켜 전력품질을 저하시키게 된다. 이에따라 모든 고속철도 변전소에는 고조파 전류 저감을 위한 필터설비가 설치되어 있다. 필터설비 설치에 따라 고속철도 급전계통으로 유입되는 고조파 전류와 전압왜형율 측정결과로 고조파 저감효과를 보인다.

This paper described the development of technology for LRT (Light Rail Transit) power system, which are sponsored by MOCT and supervised by KRRI. Especially, manufacture, interface between components and composition for DC Switchgear are focused. Most main components for DC switchgear(Protective Relay, HSCB, DS) are made by own. Also the type test report of international testing laboratory about the DC Switchgear based on IEC regulations is introduced. Finally the product will be proved based on field test.

Study passing method of AC/DC Dead ection of urban train and operation time of related device. And search the reason for operation of MCB(Main Curcuit Breaker) and find the safe method to pass dead section.

기존선 전철화, 철도시설물 정비사업 및 고속철도 연계 운행을 위한 우리나라의 전철화 구간용 궤도회로는 역 구내는 임펄스 궤도회로로, 역간은 AF 궤도회로로 선정하였다. 본 논문에서는 이들 궤도회로의 특성 및 역할을 열차운행속도와 안전측면에서 분석하였다.

The safety of staff, customers and of general Public in general viewed as one of the most important requirements in the urban transit. The maintenance computerization system for car of urban transit is a part of standardization and development of urban transit system. and We have been performed the establishment of maintenance computerization system from 2001 to 2005. The RAMS (reliability. availability. maintainability and safety) estimation for maintenance computerization system are utilized in a variety of computerization system for user's convenience and safety in maintenance. Ever since its inception though. the urban transit has searched for ways to improve reliability. availability. maintainability and safety of the railway subsystem. Provision of a reliable maintenance system include RAMS of the vehicles plays a very important role in achieving a safe system.

The method proposed by Carson contains indefinite complex integral which simulates earth return current. Although the Carson solution is proposed with power series, the solution is limited and valid at special range of frequency. We proposed a simplified Carson solution by modelling earth current path analytical method using ground transmission line return current. In this paper, we studied on trying to find the equivalent distance for earth current return path.

Recently, the load increasement and regenerative system of electrified railway system make a difficult to distinguish between the load current and fault current and it need a new intelligent protection system. In this paper, we proposed intelligent algorithm for discriminating normal and abnormal situation instead of the system being operated abnormally.

[$80\;\sim\;90\%$ of Information that human masters from outside are image information which depend on sight. So, in case machine takes the place of human's function, role of image processing is very important. However, because human's sight function is formed through evolution and studying for a long time, substituting it for computer attend with unexpected difficulty. In railroad, there are many field which the application of automation system is expected by using computer instead of safety watch that depend on usual human sight, macrography. But, there are many research field and conditions in the railroad when various outside conditions are considered, comparing with another field. This study analyses the recent image processing technology and reviews the task of image processing technology and its direction.]

Railway takes an important role of transporting massive passenger and freight. Accidents which occur related to trains have a risk of serious loss of lives, so those accidents need to be controlled urgently. Therefore moving picture transmission system is required which transmits exact information of moving picture of accident status to CTC and also communication line is also required with it. By using WTB line as a wayside transmission line, railway telephones, fax and train service information are provided to local offices. As transmission line improving project, optical cabling work is being processed by phases. Therefore optical fiber line is more effective way for a communicating way between stations than coaxial transmission line. This paper consider's connecting method when optical fibers is used for moving picture data transmission of train accidents and its problems.

The system safety must be ensured before customization. There was no specific requirement representing system safety in Korea until now. So we should draw safety requirements to guarantee system safety for the first time. In this paper. the hazard identification and analysis to derive the safety requirements on the train control system are carried out. To analyze hazard, we have to deduce system functions. identify related hazards, derive the effects of the hazards, analyze current risks. define the target risks of the system, and deduce the alternative plans to reduce the effects of the hazards. For the case study, Preliminary Hazard Analysis(PHA) of the Automatic Train Control (ATC) System for Electrical Hazards are carried out.

비정형적인 방법에 의해 설계되어진 프로토콜은 불확실성과 오류를 내포하고 있을 수 있으며, 이러한 특성은 프로토콜의 안전성에 매우 심각한 영향을 미치게 된다. 또한 구형되어진 프로토콜 명세에 만족하게 구현되어졌는지를 확인하는 것 또한 프로토콜 엔지니어링에서 매우 중요한 부분이다. 즉, 프로토콜 명세의 정형검정과 적합성 시험은 프로토콜 개발 과정에서 매우 중요한 부분이다. 본 논문에서는 유한상태 레이블 천이시스템(LTS Labeled Transition System)으로 명세화된 철도 신호제어용 프로토콜 Type 1 모델에 대한 적합성 시험을 위하여 프로토콜 제어흐름을 IOFSM으로 모델링하였으며, 이 명세로부터 UIO 방법에 의한 적합성 시험계열 생성방법을 제시하였다. 또한, 프로토콜 검정 및 적합성 시험 방법을 실제 프로토콜의 정확성을 분석하는 데 사용할 수 있도록 프로토콜 검정기와 시험기를Windows 환경하에서 GUI기능에 의해 Window상에 구현되도록 하여 프로토콜 명세의 정확성을 평가할 수 있게 하였다.

Is studied for Tilting vehicles by way for speed elevation of old railroad. Therefore, examined car report lake system for New Technology introduction about control system of railroad signal. Car report lake system is system that receive information in ground and uses before train fortune. Define and function of equipments for train driving examine and defined basic equipment kind of car report lake system.

Internal traffic system becomes fast with high-speed railway. Therefore, skill development for speed elevation is consisting in general railroad. New skill that is car report lake system is examined in railroad signal field. Therefore, examined establishment way and problem of car report lake system equipment. Examine equipment performance and studied method of most suitable that use.

경량전철의 무인운전을 위한 무선제어 신호 시스템 중에서 열차 제어정보 처리를 위한 무선데이터 전송시스템을 개발하였다. 개발된 시스템은 각각 중앙운용시스템, 지상무선중계시스템 및 개별차량운용시스템으로 구성된다. 무선데이터 네트웍은 2.4GHz 대역의 확산스펙트럼 방식의 주파수 호핑 라디오 모뎀을 사용하여 전용망을 구성하였으며 1초 이내에 무선망 내에 위치하는 모든 무선데이터 전송시스템과 정보를 교환하도록 설계되었다. 현재 실험실 테스트를 완료하고 새로이 건설된 전용 시험선에서 그 유효성을 테스트 중에 있다.

Propelled urban rail transit EMU's standardization/localization business receiving MOCT's assistance for 2001 years since 1995 in KRRI. But. urban rail transit is operated because signaling. electrical power. rail etc. as well as EMU connects each other. Therefore, receive MOCT's assistance since 2001 and is achieving standardization research about urban rail transit's infrastructure including signaling. Specially, is propelling standardization about CBTC way for expansive standardization hereafter in signaling part. Main contents of this urban rail transit's signaling standardization research are as following. - standard specification creation - development of core equipment for standardization specification verification - standard specification completion by core equipment testing & evaluation Is explaining about establishment of scheme and these contents for this urban rail transit's signaling's standard specification creation in this paper.

ITS 데이터 통신체계는 도로상의 현장설비(차량 검지기. 도로전광표지, 번호인식장치 등)와 센터를 1:1로 직접 접속하는 방식(P2P)으로 구성하고 있다. P2P 데이터 통신은 안정적인 데이터 전송을 유지시켜주지만, 통신비용의 증가 원인이 되고 있다. 따라서, 본 연구는 1:1 유선통신 구성으로 인한 통신비를 줄이기 위해 RF 모듈을 사용하여 1:N 구성으로 통신비용을 줄이는 방법을 제안하였고, 적용 가능성을 확인하기 위해 국도 38호선 평택$/sim$안중구간(약 19km)에 대해서 RF 장치를 설치한 후 데이터를 수집하였다. 적용한 RF 통신은 ISM 밴드의 2.4GHz 통신모듈을 사용하였고. 유선통신데이터와 통신 품질을 비교하였다. 데이터 품질은 기존의 1:1 구성 방식인 유선 전용회선에 의한 데이터 (기준치)와 제안한 RF 통신의 데이터를 비교하는 과정이며, 이를 통해 RF 통신의 현장 적용 가능성을 검토하였다.

ITS 데이터 통신체계는 도로상의 현장설비(차량 검지기. 도로전광표지, 번호인식장치 등)와 센터를 1:1로 직접 접속하는 방식(P2P)으로 구성하고 있다. P2P 데이터 통신은 안정적인 데이터 전송을 유지시켜주지만, 통신비용의 증가 원인이 되고 있다. 따라서. 본 연구는 1:1 유선통신 구성으로 인한 통신비를 줄이기 위해 위성통신을 사용하여 1:N 구성으로 통신비용을 줄이는 방법을 제안하였고. 적용 가능성을 확인하기 위해 국도 43호선 2개소에 대해서 옵셋 안테나. 위성송출장비 등의 위성통신 장비를 설치한 후 데이터를 수집하였다. 적용 주파수 대역은 $(TX)13.75\sim14.50GHz,\;(RX)10.70\sim12.75GHz$이다. 데이터 품질은 기존의 1:1 구성 방식인 유선 전용회선에 의한 데이터(기준치)와 제안한 위성통신의 데이터를 비교하는 과정이며, 이를 통해 위성통신의 현장 적용가능성을 검토하였다.

현재 한국형 고속전철은 시운전 시험 중에 있으며, 차량 내에 상시 계측시스템이 구성되어 있어서 차량의 전기장치 신호나 기계장치 신호를 획득하여 주행 및 제동에 관한 성능 및 특성을 분석하고 파악할 수 있다. 하지만 차량의 안전성, 승객의 승차감 확보와 궤도의 빠른 유지보수를 위해 궤도를 전문적으로 감시하고 검측하는 시스템은 구축되어 있지 않다. 그러므로 고속전철 차량에 설치되어 고속주행 중에 궤도를 종합적이고 효율적으로 측정하는 전문적인 계측시스템을 구성할 필요가 있다. 따라서 궤도틀림의 검측방법과 검측기구 및 그 원리를 이해하고 선진국의 궤도 검측기술을 파악하여 보았다.

In recent years, the smart card is widely applied for wireless communication, tracking, transportation logistics, diagnostic monitoring, access control and security. RF-ID system is universally applicable. Passive RF-ID system consists of reader and passive tag. The reader transmits energy and simple information to a tag by wireless and the power from the reader is transformed for controller, FRAM and Bluetooth module. In this paper, proposed for the improvement of wireless power transmission and demonstrated the propriety through experiments in several conditions.

Now a day, the Korean National Railroad is laking new agewith the opening of KTX (Korea Train Express). Korean National Railroad is planning using the GSM-r for put KTX and existing equipment to a good. GSM-R is radio communication method selected by ERTMS (European Rail Traffic Management System). So a new algorithm for train movement is necessary to radio communication form. This paper is come up with an algorithm for like that situation.

본 논문은 기존선 전철화 및 속도 향상 관련 건널목 신호보안 설비에 대해 검토하였다. 이는 건널목 경보제어기, 정 시간 제어장치, 조차장 또는 역 주변에서의 건널목 운영 방안, 전철화에 따른 건널목 인명 및 신호보안 설비 보호방안 등을 중점적으로 분석하였으며, 또한 2004년부터 시작된 기존선 차상신호시스템 도입에 따라 기존의 건널목 신호보안 설비와 차상신호시스템과의 인터페이스 방안에 대해서도 함께 분석하였다.

전기선로전환기는 분기기에 전환력을 공급하기 위한 장치로 전기선로전환기의 선택은 분기기에 연결되는 간류 구조, 침목, 밀착 쇄정기, 밀착 검지기, 연결간 및 벨 크랭크 등에 따른 제약 사항과 함께 검토된다. 본 논문에서는 현재 우리나라에서 사용 중인 전기선로전환기에 대한 특성을 분석한 후, 기존선 속도 향상 및 안전사고 예방을 위한 보안 설비의 추가적인 설치 필요성 분석 및 속도 향상을 위한 요구 사양을 분석하였다.

Tilting trains are now an established feature of railway operations throughout the world. For intercity traffic, tilt provides operators with increasing speeds, and therefore enhanced competitiveness, on existing routes where insufficient traffic or a lack of funds precludes the construction of a dedicated new high-speed railway. Appling the tilting train, we can expect $30\%$ of speed up on existing lines, but the stability of the electric current would be low because of tilting the train. Also, the spark between the catenary and pantagraph cause environmental problems such as noise, radio wave malfunction. Therefore, the tilting on pantagraph for the power suppling device is very essential for stable electric power supply.

기존노선을 이용한 고속화 신기술 개발사업 과제를 수행하여 중장거리 및 도시간의 교통해소를 위해 중고속 철도차량을 개발하여 최고속도 180km/h의 속도로 운행할수 있는 차량의 개발에 있어 핵심 전장품인 열차제어진단장치를 국산화하여 수입대처효과 및 기술개발에 기여하고 있다.

In this paper, deduced manufacturing condition of glass/glass curtain wall module and metal curtain wall module. From the results. lamination condition of glass/glass curtain wall module deduced optimum in pumping $time-120^{\circ}C$ 23min, slow $press-120^{\circ}C$. 300mmHg. 3min. standard $press-120^{\circ}C$. 200mmHg. 0.5min. fast $press-120^{\circ}C$. 100mmHg. 0.3min and $curing-140^{\circ}C$, 6min, and lamination condition of metal curtain wall module deduced optimum in pumping $time-120^{\circ}C$. 8min, slow $press-120^{\circ}C$, 700mmHg. 0.5min, standard $press-120^{\circ}C$, 600mmHg, 0.5min. fast $press-120^{\circ}C$, 100mmHg. 1.5min and $curing-140^{\circ}C$. 6min. This time. power uniformity of glass/glass curtain wall module and metal curtain wall module showed each ${\pm}2.7\%,\;{\pm}2.12\%$.

본 연구에서는 H-Bridge 인버터와 변압기 조합에 의한 다중레벨 인버터로 구성함에 있어 스위칭 소자수를 저감하기 위해 각 H-Bridge 인버터의 한 암을 공통으로 사용할 수 있는 전력회로를 제안한다. 또한 각 인버터에 연결된 변압기의 이용률을 동일하게 할 수 있는 스위칭 방식의 제안으로 각 변압기의 용량을 동일하게 하였다. 제안된 전력회로는 3상용 파워모듈과 전류정격이 3배인 한 암용 전력회로의 결함으로 경제성과 사이즈 면을 동시에 만족시킬 수 있는 전력회로 구성이 가능할 것이다.

Maximum power point tracking(MPPT) is used in photovoltaic(PV) systems to maximize the photovoltaic array output power, irrespective of the temperature and irradiation conditions. The object of this paper is to compare and analyze MPPT efficiency for different MPPT techniques by changing irradiance. Also, this paper introduces transformerless grid-connected inverter. Simple flow charts and characteristics of each MPPT algorithm are shown. The implementation of transformerless grid-connected inveter system was based on a digital signal processor(DSP). Simulation was carried out for each MPPT method.

l5kW building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) system had been installed and monitored at KIER in May 2003. Data acquisition system (DAS) is constructed for measuring and analyzing performance of PV system to observe the overall effect of environmental conditions on their operation characteristics. Performances of BIPV system have been evaluated and analyzed for component perspective (PV module and array, power conditioning system) and global perspective (system efficiency, capacity factor, electrical power energy) by long-term field test.

Increasing numbers of photovoltaic arrays are being connected to the power utility through the power conditioning systems (PCS). This has raised potential problems of network protection. If, due to the action of the PCS, the local network voltage and frequency remain within regulatory limits when the utility is disconnected, then islanding is said to occur. In this paper, the representative methods to prevent the islanding are described and a PSIM-based model and analysis of the reactive power variation (RPV) method are presented. A novel phase detector using the all-pass filter and digital phase locked loop (DPLL) is proposed especially for the single-phase PCS. Finally, this paper provides the simulation and experimental results with a single-phase 3kW prototype PCS. Islanding test method of IEEE Std. 929-2000 was performed for verification.

계통연계형 태양광발전 시스템의 확대보급에 따라 단독운전 검출기법의 검출 성능에 대한 검증의 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 단독운전검출기법의 대표적인 능동적 검출기법인 무효전력변동기법 (reactive power variation method)과 주파수 쉬프트기법(active frequency drift method)을 IEEE Std 929-2000에서 명시된 단독운전검출 시험방법을 이용하여 단독운전검출기법의 성능 및 불검출 영역(non-detection zone)에 대하여 비교 분석하였다.

Photovoltaic(PV) technology is a popular part of building vocabulary. It can be used today on both existing and new buildings. Its use in the building envelope is very varied and open ways, such as roofing materials, facades, skylights and shading systems, for creative designers. So, to activate this systems demand appropriate sources of information, performance data of elements and design tools offering architects and designer. Therefore this paper describe application elements for BIPV system and then predict improvement in the generated electric power performance of balcony BIPV system.

The global photovoltaic(PV) market is increasing at an annual rate of about $30\%$. A major share of the market has been taken up by building integrated photovoltaic. This paper presents an overview about status of the PV distribution programs for appling to building in the domestic and Japan, USA and Europe which have been playing a leading part in photovoltaic industry. From the results of this paper, we will intend to suggest a suitable future course for domestic PV distribution.

A guard lamp system has been installed at the PV positive center, located at Gwangju in Korea. Digital environment that is represented to internet is displacing business way of industry and business achievement way with the fast speed being giving great change on life whole, improve existence business process utilizing internet and Web connection technology, information superhighway to tradition industrialist manufacture and e-transformation's propulsion that wish to maximize productivity and administration efficiency is spread vigorously. In this paper, we wish to accomplish generation equipment's heighten stability and believability through remote monitoring and control of guard lamp system. This paper describes the design of the monitoring system for the sensing data and indirect controlling of the guard lamp system. Most of the conventional monitoring systems depend on the special hardware and software. The essential design of monitoring system is to provide the convenience for the user and the portability for the system. In order for the system to fulfill its requirements, it was designed using Labview GUI facility based on the Windows 2000 environment of IBM PC compatible and Add-oncard based on the TCP/IP Protocol. Advantage of the monitoring system are a personnel expenses curtailment effect, of the place restriction and unmanned system of the generationplants, etc..

In recent years, the photovoltaic(PV) industries have been increasing steadily above averaged $30\%$. Japan, USA and Europe have been playing a leading part in photovoltaic industry. In this paper, we review status of the global PV market and distribution around these countries. From the results, we will intend to supply the useful materials for domestic PV distribution.

This paper presents an effective modeling scheme of SPE cell system for hydrogen production. As oxygen and hydrogen produced by water electrolysis using SPE are high purity, we can use oxygen in biomedical and hydrogen could be used in many ways. Recently, it is under the eye as a surplus power storage system. PSCAD/EMTDC model of SPE cell system for hydrogen production to efficiently utilize Solar cell energy which produces effectively hydrogen energy is showed in this paper. The simulated results are then verified by comparing them with the actual values obtained from the data acquisition system. Authors are sure that it is a useful method to the researchers who study SPE cell system for hydrogen production.

A novel technique for efficiently extracting maximum power from PV panels is proposed, consisting of a modified buck-boost converter, witch is controlled by a DSP. A variation of the proposed MPPT technique is directly use the modified buck-boost converter current reference as a control parameter. Also 4 parallel boost converters have division of load. A theoretical analysis of the proposed converter is performed and compared with experimental results obtained from a 1k[W] prototype solar panel under a controlled experimental setup.

설명되는 비교와 분석은 두개의 간단하고 빠르면서 신뢰성 있는 광기전력 시스템에 대한 최대전력점추적 기술의 비교를 나타낸다 : 즉 전압에 기초한 최대전력점추적과 전류에 기초한 최대전력점추적 방법이다. 온라인으로 전압, 전류 측정이 가능하고 전압에 기초한 최대전력점추적과 전류에 기초한 최대전력점추적 알고리즘으로 프로그램된 마이크로프로세서로 제어되는 추적기가 구성된다. 솔라 시스템의 부하로는 양수펌프 또는 저항으로 한다. 새로운 추적기의 모델링과 모의실험을 위해 시뮬링크 툴을 이용한다. 기존의 추적기와 비교되는 새로운 최대전력점추적기의 장점은 효율적이며 싸고 더 신뢰성 있는 태양광 발전 시스템으로서 dummy 셀의 제거이다.

Photovoltaic and wind power generation have an advantage of unpolluted and unlimited amount of energy resource. Since there is such an advantage in these energies, But photovoltaic system and wind system cannot always generate stable output with ever-changing weather condition. In this paper, the auxiliary power generator for hybrid system(photovoltaic 500[W], wind power generation 400[W]) was suggested. the auxiliary power generator that uses elastic energy of spiral spring to photovoltaic system was also added for present system. when output of photovoltaic system gets lower than 24[V], power was continuously supplied to load through the inverter by charging energy of spiral spring operates in DC generator.

Many domestic organizations are pushing ahead with small hydropower business to develop a renewable energy. In addition each organization gradually spreads small hydropower business with searching the best site for it. And Kowaco (Korea Waters Resources Corporation) answers a purpose of the government policy to spread the wide use of a renewable energy. This study explains the researching programs for the best development sites for small hydropower generation with using water pipes managed and controled by Kowaco.

본 연구는 농형 유도 발전기와 양방향 PWM 인버터를 가진 WECS (Wind Energy Conversion System)시스템을 모델링하고 이 모델에 기초하여 제어 법칙을 제안하였다. 제어 법칙은 풍속 따라 작용하는 최적 팁 속도비에 의해 효율이 최대가 되도록 제어하는 것이다. WECS은 바람의 변동이 있어도 최적치에 팁 속도비를 유지하기 위해 터빈의 회전 속도 제어하여 행한다.

This paper describe the power quality monitoring results of the grid-connected wind turbine generator in Daegwallyeong Test Site. The power quality monitoring for grid-connected wind turbine generators are important to verify their performance as the grid-connected generators. In order to measure the impacts on the grid of wind turbine generator and evaluate the performance by analyzing electrical parameters, we equipped the power quality monitoring system in the real field of the Daegwallyeong test site. The developed monitoring system gathers information by remote access through the internet. The monitoring results and the detail explanation for the developed wind turbine monitoring system is presented in the study.

풍력발전은 태양광발전과 더불어 대체에너지의 큰 축을 이루고 있는 대체에너지 시스템이다. 풍력발전은 축의 방향에 따라 수직축과 수평축 풍력발전으로 나뉘는데, 국내외 보급되고 있는 대부분의 시스템은 수평축 발전시스템이다. 이 시스템들은 3개의 날개를 가지는 블레이드를 사용하고 있다. 대용량으로 갈수록 블레이드의 크기는 커지고 시스템에서 발생되는 소음문제, 시스템 운용에서 오는 안정성 등 많은 문제들을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점들을 보완하고자 수직형 풍력발전시스템을 제안하였으며, 이를 위해 발전시스템의 주요 구성품인 수직형 특수 블레이드를 제안하였다.

포항풍력에너지연구소와 (주)보국전기는 에너지 관리공단의 지원으로 2002년부터 직접구동형 풍력 터빈 KBP-750D에 사용될 발전기를 개발해 오고 있다. KBP-750D에 사용되는 발전기는 증속을 위한 gearbox를 사용하지 않는 직접 구동형 이라는 것과, 영구자석을 사용하여 여자하는 형식이라는 것이다. 이런 특징은 풍력발전에서 요구하는 주요 요구조건인 고효율, 고신뢰성을 만족시키기 위해서 매우 중요하다. 개발된 발전기는 25 rpm 정격에서 800 kW의 정격을 가지도록 설계되었다. 공극 직경은 3,320 mm 이며, stator의 길이는 705 mm, 4.5 mm의 공극, 84극을 가지고 있으며, 전체중량은 약 20 ton이다. 이 보고에서는 이 발전기의 물리설계 공학설계 등에 관해서 논의한다.

The wind turbine captures the wind's kinetic energy in a rotor consisting of two or more blades mechanically coupled to an electrical generator. In this paper is proposed models for wind energy power plants using V.A.W.T. and complex concepts using shapes of a half cylinder for blades. A familiar configuration for a drag-type wind machine is shown this paper. In this simple machine, kinetic energy in the wind is converted into mechanical energy in a vertical rotating shaft.

Modeling of the battery for 42V Power-Net system is presented. For the Battery Management System(BMS) algorithm in a Mildhybrid vehicle, accuracy in SOC estimation is crucial. The battery model is needed for the BMS algorithm as well as system computer symulation for the energy management. The battery model was composed of impedance elements and the each element of the model is estimated by the analysis of the terminal voltage. The result of the model is confirmed by experimental data.

In this paper, an efficient switching pattern to equalize the size of transformer is proposed for a multi-level inverter employing cascaded transformers. It is based on the prior selected harmonic elimination PWM(SHEPWM) method. Because the maximum magnetic flux imposed on each transformer becomes exactly equal each to each, all transformers can be designed with the same size regardless of their position. Therefore, identical full-bridge inverter units can be utilized, thus improving modularity and manufacturability. The fundamental idea of the proposed switching pattern is illustrated and then analyzed theoretically. The validity of the proposed switching strategy is verified by experimental results.

Standby power is progressively important in the developed countries including Korea. The status of standby power of korean home electronic wares has been unknown. In this paper, standby power consumption of home electronics in Korea has been firstly surveyed and reported. Over 800 pieces of electrical equipments that consume standby power in 53 households were investigated. The average standby power per equipment and total standby power per household were 3.66W and 57.0W, respectively. It was revealed that Audio systems and network appliances such as xDSL modem, set-top box generally consume high standby power.

오늘날 대부분의 기기들은 사용하지 않는 상태에서 단지 플러그만 꼽혀 있어도 전력을 소모하는데 이를 대기전력(standby power)라고 한다. 오디오와 비디오 제품의 경우 리모콘이나 시간예약 기능이 추가되어 전력을 소모하지만 대기전력절감을 위한 EPA, GEEA, AGO, IEA 및 국내의 KEMCO의 노력으로 off-line기기의 대기전력은 기술적으로 충분히 감소시킬 수 있는 단계에 이르렀다. 지능형 home networking 또는 smart home이 차세대 성장 동력으로 추진되는 등 정보가전기기의 Network화에 의한 대기전력은 점차 증가할 전망이다. 본 논문에서는 Networked기기의 대기전력절감의 최근 동향에 대해서 기술하였다.

This paper introduces a supplementary module reducing the standby-power of Power Line Communication(PLC) modem, one of the network equipments that take up much of the stand-by power. This supplementary module consists of three parts, such as a compare part, a control part, and a switch part. This supplementary module controls the power going from the power supply element into PLC modem, which brings about the effect of standby-power reduction. It is assured that over $30\%$ standby-power reduction is estimated when we applied this module to a low-speedy PLC control modem.

신발전 방식들 중 하나인 용융탄산염형 연료전지 발전시스템 개발과 관련하여, 연료전지로부터 생성된 전력을 전력계통에 안정되게 변환, 주입하기 위한 계통연계형 전력변환기를 개발 하였다. 본 논문에서는 개발된 전력변환기의 구성과 시험 결과에 대해서 기술하고자 한다.

This paper describes the element of solar cell's characteristics, photovoltaic system and solar tracking through experiment. Furthermore, it proposes the experiment results of the PV system is contained solar modules, power conditioning system and the solar tracking system using air compress charging energy The experimental results show that the PV system is always operated at maximum power of solar cells and tracking the sun in order to generate efficiently power generation and propose a capability of its application.