권호 표지

Journal of applied mathematics & informatics

The Korean Society for Computational and Applied Mathematics (KSCAM)

  • 연3회간
  • /
  • 2734-1194(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2234-8417(eISSN)

Domain

  • Mathematics ＞ Applied Mathematics

Aim & Scope

This is a broad based journal covering all branches of computational or applied mathematics with special encouragement to researchers in theoretical computer science and mathematical Informatics. Thus, the major areas, such as Numerical Analysis, Discrete Optimization, Linear and Nonlinear Programming, Theory of Computation(Computational Complexity, Automata and Formal Languages), Control Theory, Theory of Algorithms, Computational Logic, Applied Combinatorics (including graphs, codes, and designs), Coding Theory, Cryptographics, Big data, AI, Fuzzy Theory with applications, Differential Equations with applications, etc., are all included. A large variety of scientific problems also necessarily involve Algebra, Analysis, Geometry, Probability and Statistics, and so on. The journal welcomes research papers in all branches of mathematics which have some bearing on the application to scientific problems, including papers in the areas of Actuarial Science, Mathematical Biology, Mathematical Economics and Finance.

KSCI KCI SCOPUS

Volume 29 Issue 1_2

  1. Xu, Changjin;Liao, Maoxin 1
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.001 PDF KSCI
    In this paper, a Lotka-Volterra model with time delays is considered. A set of sufficient conditions for the existence of Hopf bifurcation are obtained via analyzing the associated characteristic transcendental equation. Some explicit formulae for determining the stability and the direction of the Hopf bifurcation periodic solutions bifurcating from Hopf bifurcations are obtained by applying the normal form method and center manifold theory. Finally, the main results are illustrated by some numerical simulations.
  2. Wen, Jin;Wei, Ting 23
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.023 PDF KSCI
    In this paper, we use a modified Tikhonov regularization method to solve the Fredholm integral equation of the first kind. Under the assumption that measured data are contaminated with deterministic errors, we give two error estimates. The convergence rates can be obtained under the suitable choices of regularization parameters and the number of measured points. Some numerical experiments show that the proposed method is effective and stable.
  3. Pasca, Daniel;Tang, Chun-Lei 39
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.039 PDF KSCI
    Some existence theorems are obtained for periodic solutions of nonautonomous second-order differential systems with (q, p)-Laplacian by the minimax methods in critical point theory.
  4. Wu, Junliang;Zhang, Pingping;Wang, Yong 49
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.049 PDF KSCI
    In this paper, we adopt a numerical method to establish the smallest set to contain all Ger$\v{s}$gorin discs of a given complex matrix and its some similar matrices. With the smallest set, a new estimation for all eigenvalues of the matrix is obtained.
  5. Mohyud-Din, Syed Tauseef;Yildirim, Ahmet 55
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.055 PDF KSCI
    The aim of the paper is to apply Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM) for the solution of a nonlinear fractional differential equation. Finally, the solution obtained by the Homotopy perturbation method has been numerically evaluated and presented in the form of tables and then compared with those obtained by truncated series method. A good agreement of the results is observed.
  6. Buong, Nguyen 61
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.061 PDF KSCI
    In this paper, we introduce a new iteration method based on the hybrid method in mathematical programming and the descent-like method for finding a common element of the solution set for a variational inequality and the set of common fixed points of a nonexpansive semigroup in Hilbert spaces. We obtain a strong convergence for the sequence generated by our method in Hilbert spaces. The result in this paper modifies and improves some well-known results in the literature for a more general problem.
  7. Xu, Shenghu 75
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.075 PDF KSCI
    In this paper, using the energy estimates and the bootstrap arguments, the global existence of classical solutions for a prey-predator model with non-monotonic functional response and cross-diffusion where the prey and predator both have linear density restriction is proved when the space dimension n < 10.
  8. Zhang, Xin;Su, Yongfu;Kang, Jinlong 87
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.087 PDF KSCI
    The purpose of this paper is to prove strong convergence theorems for finding a common element of the set of fixed points of a weak relatively nonexpansive mapping and the set of solutions of the variational inequality for an inverse-strongly-monotone mapping by a new hybrid method in a Banach space. We shall give an example which is weak relatively nonexpansive mapping but not relatively nonexpansive mapping in Banach space $l^2$. Our results improve and extend the corresponding results announced by Ying Liu[Ying Liu, Strong convergence theorem for relatively nonexpansive mapping and inverse-strongly-monotone mapping in a Banach space, Appl. Math. Mech. -Engl. Ed. 30(7)(2009), 925-932] and some others.
  9. Shao, Yuanfu;Luo, Zhenguo 103
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.103 PDF KSCI
    By using an important lemma, some analysis techniques and Lyapunov functional method, we establish the sufficient conditions of the existence of equilibrium solution of a class of BAM neural network with impulses and distributed delays. Finally, applications and an example are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the main results.
  10. Liu, Zhongyi;Chen, Yue 119
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.119 PDF KSCI
    This paper proposes an infeasible interior-point algorithm with full-Newton step for linear programming. We introduce a special self-regular proximity to induce the feasibility step and also to measure proximity to the central path. The result of polynomial complexity coincides with the best-known iteration bound for infeasible interior-point methods, namely, O(n log n/${\varepsilon}$).
  11. Wu, Jin-Ming;Zhang, Xiao-Lei 135
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.135 PDF KSCI
    As a zero set of some multivariate splines, the piecewise algebraic variety is a kind of generalization of the classical algebraic variety. This paper presents an algorithm for isolating real roots of the zero-dimensional piecewise algebraic variety which is based on interval evaluation and the interval zeros of univariate interval polynomials in Bernstein form. An example is provided to show the proposed algorithm is effective.
  12. Hashemiparast, S.M.;Sabzevari, M.;Fallahgoul, H. 145
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.145 PDF KSCI
    The numerical solution to the linear and nonlinear and linear system of Fredholm and Volterra integral equations of the second kind are investigated. We have used crooked lines which includ the nodes specified by modified rationalized Haar functions. This method differs from using nominal Haar or Walsh wavelets. The accuracy of the solution is improved and the simplicity of the method of using nominal Haar functions is preserved. In this paper, the crooked lines with unknown coefficients under the specified conditions change the system of integral equations to a system of equations. By solving this system the unknowns are obtained and the crooked lines are determined. Finally, error analysis of the procedure are considered and this procedure is applied to the numerical examples, which illustrate the accuracy and simplicity of this method in comparison with the methods proposed by these authors.
  13. Kim, Sang-Bae 161
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.161 PDF KSCI
    The convergence rate of a numerical procedure based on Schwarz Alternating Method(SAM) for solving elliptic boundary value problems depends on the selection of the interface conditions applied on the interior boundaries of the overlapping subdomains. It has been observed that the Robin condition (mixed interface condition), controlled by a parameter, can optimize SAM's convergence rate. In [7], one had formulated the multi-parameterized SAM and determined the optimal values of the multi-parameters to produce the best convergence rate for one-dimensional elliptic boundary value problems. However it was not successful for two-dimensional problem. In this paper, we present a new method which utilizes the one-dimensional result to get the optimal convergence rate for the two-dimensional problem.
  14. Jia, Chunxia;Zhu, Detong 173
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.173 PDF KSCI
    In this paper, we construct a new approach of affine scaling interior algorithm using the affine scaling conjugate gradient and Lanczos methods for bound constrained nonlinear optimization. We get the iterative direction by solving quadratic model via affine scaling conjugate gradient and Lanczos methods. By using the line search backtracking technique, we will find an acceptable trial step length along this direction which makes the iterate point strictly feasible and the objective function nonmonotonically decreasing. Global convergence and local superlinear convergence rate of the proposed algorithm are established under some reasonable conditions. Finally, we present some numerical results to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
  15. Zhang, Lihong;Wang, Guotao;Song, Guangxing 191
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.191 PDF KSCI
    This paper deals with second order differential equations with different deviated arguments ${\alpha}$(t) and ${\beta}$(t, ${\mu}$(t)). We investigate the existence of solutions of such problems with nonlinear mixed boundary conditions. To obtain corresponding results we apply the monotone iterative technique and the lower-upper solutions method. Two examples demonstrate the application of our results.
  16. Kim, Hyun-Chull 201
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.201 PDF KSCI
    In this paper, we obtain the H$\`{a}$jeck-R$\`{e}$nyi type inequality and the strong law of large numbers for asymptotically linear negative quadrant dependent random variables by using this inequality. We also give the strong law of large numbers for the linear process under asymptotically linear negative quadrant dependence assumption.
  17. Li, Kelin;Zhang, Liping 211
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.211 PDF KSCI
    In this paper, a class of bi-directional associative memory (BAM) fuzzy cellular neural networks with distributed delays and impulses is formulated and investigated. By employing an integro-differential inequality with impulsive initial conditions and the topological degree theory, some sufficient conditions ensuring the existence and global exponential stability of equilibrium point for impulsive BAM fuzzy cellular neural networks with distributed delays are obtained. In particular, the estimate of the exponential convergence rate is also provided, which depends on the delay kernel functions and system parameters. It is believed that these results are significant and useful for the design and applications of BAM fuzzy cellular neural networks. An example is given to show the effectiveness of the results obtained here.
  18. Jitpeera, Thanyarat;Katchang, Phayap;Kumam, Poom 227
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.227 PDF KSCI
    In this paper, we introduce a new iterative method for finding a common element of the set of solutions for mixed equilibrium problem, the set of solutions of the variational inequality for a ${\beta}$inverse-strongly monotone mapping and the set of fixed points of a family of finitely nonexpansive mappings in a real Hilbert space by using the viscosity and Ces$\`{a}$ro mean approximation method. We prove that the sequence converges strongly to a common element of the above three sets under some mind conditions. Our results improve and extend the corresponding results of Kumam and Katchang [A viscosity of extragradient approximation method for finding equilibrium problems, variational inequalities and fixed point problems for nonexpansive mapping, Nonlinear Analysis: Hybrid Systems, 3(2009), 475-86], Peng and Yao [Strong convergence theorems of iterative scheme based on the extragradient method for mixed equilibrium problems and fixed point problems, Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 49(2009), 1816-828], Shimizu and Takahashi [Strong convergence to common fixed points of families of nonexpansive mappings, Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 211(1) (1997), 71-83] and some authors.
  19. Rhee, Min-Surp 247
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.247 PDF KSCI
    Invertible functions with a single cycle property have many cryptographic applications. The main context in which we study them in this paper is pseudo random generation and stream ciphers. In some cryptographic applications we need a generator which generates binary sequences of period long enough. A common way to increase the size of the state and extend the period of a generator is to run in parallel and combine the outputs of several generators with different period. In this paper we will characterize a secure quadratic polynomial on $\mathbb{Z}_{2^n}$, which generates a binary sequence of period long enough and without consecutive elements.
  20. Chandok, Sumit 257
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.257 PDF KSCI
    In this paper, we first prove a common fixed point theorem for generalized nonlinear contraction mappings in complete metric spaces there by generalizing and extending some known results. Then we present this result in the context of ordered metric spaces by using monotone non-decreasing mapping.
  21. Wang, Yi 267
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.267 PDF KSCI
    This paper is concerned with eigenvalues of second-order vector equations on time scales with boundary value conditions. Properties of eigenvalues and matrix-valued solutions are studied. Relationships between eigenvalues of different boundary value problems are discussed.
  22. Shu, Jiangye;Li, Yongkun 279
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.279 PDF KSCI
    In this paper, we consider anti-periodic solutions of the following BAM neural networks with multiple delays on time scales: $$\{{x^\Delta_i(t)=-a_i(t)e_i(x_i(t))+{\sum\limits^m_{j=1}}c_{ji}(t)f_j(y_j(t-{\tau}_{ji}))+I_i(t),\atop y^\Delta_j(t)=-b_j(t)h_j(y_j(t))+{\sum\limits^n_{i=1}}d_{ij}(t)g_i(x_i(t-{\delta}_{ij}))+J_j(t),}\$$ where i = 1, 2, ..., n,j = 1, 2, ..., m. Using some analysis skills and Lyapunov method, some sufficient conditions on the existence and exponential stability of the anti-periodic solution to the above system are established.
  23. Kang, Jinlong;Su, Yongfu;Zhang, Xin 293
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.293 PDF KSCI
    The purpose of this article is to prove strong convergence theorems for weak relatively nonexpansive mapping which is firstly presented in this article. In order to get the strong convergence theorems for weak relatively nonexpansive mapping, the monotone CQ iteration method is presented and is used to approximate the fixed point of weak relatively nonexpansive mapping, therefore this article apply above results to prove the strong convergence theorems of zero point for maximal monotone operators in Banach spaces. Noting that, the CQ iteration method can be used for relatively nonexpansive mapping but it can not be used for weak relatively nonexpansive mapping. However, the monotone CQ method can be used for weak relatively nonexpansive mapping. The results of this paper modify and improve the results of S.Matsushita and W.Takahashi, and some others.
  24. Ohm, Mi-Ray;Lee, Hyun-Yong;Shin, Jun-Yong 311
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.311 PDF KSCI
    In this paper, we adopt discontinuous Galerkin methods with penalty terms namely symmetric interior penalty Galerkin methods, to solve nonlinear viscoelasticity type equations. We construct finite element spaces and define an appropriate projection of u and prove its optimal convergence. We construct extrapolated fully discrete discontinuous Galerkin approximations for the viscoelasticity type equation and prove ${\ell}^{\infty}(L^2)$ optimal error estimates in both spatial direction and temporal direction.
  25. Ashra, Ali Reza;Hamzeh, Asma;Hossein-Zadeh, Samaneh 327
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.327 PDF KSCI
    Explicit formulas are given for the first and second Zagreb index, degree-distance and Wiener-type invariants of splice and link of graphs. As a consequence, the first and second Zagreb coindex of these classes of composite graphs are also computed.
  26. Farhadinia, Bahram 337
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.337 PDF KSCI
    This paper is concerned with deriving necessary and sufficient optimality conditions for a fuzzy linear programming problem. Toward this end, an equivalence between fuzzy and crisp linear programming problems is established by means of a specific ranking function. Under this setting, a main theorem gives optimality conditions which do not seem to be in conflict with the so-called Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions for a crisp linear programming problem.
  27. Zayed, E.M.E. 351
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.351 PDF KSCI
    In this article, we construct exact traveling wave solutions for nonlinear PDEs in mathematical physics via the (1+1)- dimensional combined Korteweg- de Vries and modified Korteweg- de Vries (KdV-mKdV) equation, the (1+1)- dimensional compouned Korteweg- de Vries Burgers (KdVB) equation, the (2+1)- dimensional cubic Klien- Gordon (cKG) equation, the Generalized Zakharov- Kuznetsov- Bonjanmin- Bona Mahony (GZK-BBM) equation and the modified Korteweg- de Vries - Zakharov- Kuznetsov (mKdV-ZK) equation, by using the (($\frac{G'}{G}$) -expansion method combined with the Riccati equation, where G = $G({\xi})$ satisfies the Riccati equation $G'({\xi})=A+BG^2$ and A, B are arbitrary constants.
  28. Bougoffa, Lazhar;Al-Jeaid, Hind K. 369
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.369 PDF KSCI
    This paper studies a boundary value problem for a linear coupled Luikov's system of heat and mass diffusion in one-dimensional case. Using an a priori estimate, we prove the uniqueness of the solution. Also, some traveling wave solutions and explicit solutions are obtained by using the transformation ${\xi}$ = x - ct and separation method respectively.
  29. Behzadi, Shadan Sadigh;Fariborzi Araghi, Mohammad Ali 381
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.381 PDF KSCI
    In this paper, a Naveir-Stokes equation is solved by using the Adomian's decomposition method (ADM), modified Adomian's decomposition method (MADM), variational iteration method (VIM), modified variational iteration method (MVIM), modified homotopy perturbation method (MHPM) and homotopy analysis method (HAM). The approximate solution of this equation is calculated in the form of series which its components are computed by applying a recursive relation. The existence and uniqueness of the solution and the convergence of the proposed methods are proved. A numerical example is studied to demonstrate the accuracy of the presented methods.
  30. Kumar, Sanjay 395
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.395 PDF KSCI
    In this paper, we prove a common fixed point theorem for a pair of weakly compatible maps under E.A. property.
  31. Ryu, Dae-Hee;Kim, Hyeock-Jin 407
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.407 PDF KSCI
    We establish strong laws of large numbers for weighted sums of arrays of negatively associated random variables under the condition of h-integrability and suitable conditions on the array of weights.
  32. Sun, Jian-Ping;Cao, Ke;Zhao, Ya-Hong;Wang, Xian-Qiang 417
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.417 PDF KSCI
    This paper is concerned with the existence of monotone positive solutions for a class of nonlinear third-order three-point boundary value problem. By applying iterative techniques, we not only obtain the existence of monotone positive solutions, but also establish iterative schemes for approximating the solutions. An example is also included to illustrate the importance of the results obtained.
  33. Tewari, Shivendra Gajraj;Pardasani, Kamal Raj 427
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.427 PDF KSCI
    Calcium is a vital second messenger for signal transduction in neurons. Calcium plays an important role in almost every part of the human body but in neuronal cytosol, it is of utmost importance. In order to understand the calcium signaling mechanism in a better way a finite element model has been developed to study the flow of calcium in two dimensions with time. This model assumes EBA (Excess Buffering Approximation), incorporating all the important parameters like time, association rate, influx, buffer concentration, diffusion constant etc. Finite element method is used to obtain calcium concentration in two dimensions and numerical integration is used to compute effect of time over 2-D Calcium profile. Comparative study of calcium signaling in two dimensions with time is done with other important physiological parameters. A MATLAB program has been developed for the entire problem and simulated on an x64 machine to compute the numerical results.
  34. Ahn, Jea-Man 443
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.443 PDF KSCI
    In this paper, we construct a Gorenstein Artinian algebra R/J with non-unimodal Hilbert function h = (1, 13, 12, 13, 1) to investigate the algebraic structure of the ideal J in a polynomial ring R. For this purpose, we use a software system Macaulay 2, which is devoted to supporting research in algebraic geometry and commutative algebra.
  35. Kim, Jeong-Heon;Kim, Youn-Ouck;Kim, Mi-Hwa 451
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.451 PDF KSCI
    The function f(z) = $e^{p(z)}$ where p(z) is a polynomial of degree n has 2n Julia lines. Julia lines of $e^{p(z)}$ divide the complex plane into 2n equal sectors with the same vertex at the origin. In each sector, $e^{p(z)}$ has radial limits of 0 or innity. Main results of the paper are concerned with maximum curves of $e^{p(z)}$. We deal with some properties of maximum curves of $e^{p(z)}$ and we give some examples of the maximum curves of functions of the form $e^{p(z)}$.
  36. Yoo, Jong-Kwang;Oh, Heung-Joon 459
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.459 PDF KSCI
    Let T ${\in}$ L(X), S ${\in}$ L(Y), A ${\in}$ L(X, Y) and B ${\in}$ L(Y, X) such that SA = AT, TB = BS, AB = S and BA = T. Then S and T shares the same local spectral properties SVEP, Bishop's property (${\beta}$), property $({\beta})_{\epsilon}$, property (${\delta}$) and and subscalarity. Moreover, the operators ${\lambda}I$ - T and ${\lambda}I$ - S have many basic operator properties in common.
  37. Lim, Jong-Seul 469
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.469 PDF KSCI
    In a M/G/I queue where the server alternates between busy and idle periods, we assume that firstly customers arrive at the system according to a Poisson process and the arrival process and customer service times are mutually independent, secondly the system has infinite waiting room, thirdly the server utilization is less than 1 and the system has reached a steady state. With these assumptions, we analyze waiting times on the systems where some vacation policies are considered.
  38. Zhang, Quanxin;Song, Xia 475
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.475 PDF KSCI
    In this paper, we study the oscillatory and asymptotic behavior of a class of second order nonlinear differential inequality with perturbation and establish several theorems by using classification and analysis, which develop and generalize some known results.
  39. Bu, Changjiang;Zhou, Yixin 485
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.485 PDF KSCI
    Let $A_1$ and $A_2$ be $n{\times}n$ nonzero complex matrices, denote a linear combination of the two matrices by $A=c_1A_1+c_2A_2$, where $c_1$, $c_2$ are nonzero complex numbers. In this paper, we research the problem of the linear combinations in the general case. We give a sufficient and necessary condition for A is an involutive matrix and s+1-potent matrix, respectively, where $A_1$ is a tripotent matrix, with $A_1A_2=A_2A_1$. Then, using the results, we also give the sufficient and necessary conditions for the involutory of the linear combination A, where $A_1$ is a tripotent matrix, anti-idempotent matrix, and involutive matrix, respectively, and $A_2$ is a tripotent matrix, idempotent matrix, and involutive matrix, respectively, with $A_1A_2=A_2A_1$.
  40. Kim, Byung-Hak;Lee, Sang-Deok;Choi, Jin-Hyuk;Lee, Young-Ok 497
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.497 PDF KSCI
    In 1973, B. Y. Chen and K. Yano introduced the special conformally flat space for the generalization of a subprojective space. The typical example is a canal hypersurface of a Euclidean space. In this paper, we study the conditions for the base space B to be special conformally flat in the conharmonically flat warped product space $B^n{\times}_fR^1$. Moreover, we study the special conformally flat warped product space $B^n{\times}_fF^p$ and characterize the geometric structure of $B^n{\times}_fF^p$.
  41. Choi, Sung-Woo 505
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.505 PDF KSCI
    We give a constructive proof that a (partial) evaluation of a multivariate algebraic function with algebraic numbers is again an algebraic function. Especially, we obtain a bound on the degree of an evaluation with the degrees of the original algebraic function and the algebraic numbers evaluated. Furthermore, we show that our bound is sharp with an example.
  42. Bayad, Abdelmejid;Kim, Tae-Kyun;Choi, Jong-Sung;Kim, Young-Hee;Lee, Byung-Je 511
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.511 PDF KSCI
    In this paper we prove a generalized symmetry relation between the generalized Euler polynomials and the generalized higher-order (attached to Dirichlet character) Euler polynomials. Indeed, we prove a relation between the power sum polynomials and the generalized higher-order Euler polynomials..
  43. Min, Won-Keun 517
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.517 PDF KSCI
    In this paper, we introduce the concepts of m-convex set, mcconvex function and $m^*c$-convex function. We study basic properties for m-convex sets and characterization for such functions.
  44. Cho, Yong-Uk 523
    https://doi.org/10.14317/jami.2011.29.1_2.523 PDF KSCI
    In this paper, We initiate a study of zero symmetric and constant parts of near-rings, and then apply these to self map near-rings. Next, we investigate that every near-ring can be embedded into some self map near-ring, and every zero symmetric near-ring can be embedded into some zero symmetric self map near-ring.