• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.89-102
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• 1981

1147 preschool children aged from 3 to 6 living in some farm villages in Kyungki-do were surveyed on dmf and distribution of dental caries in primary dentition. The results were as follows: 1. dmf rate ... 92.76 % boy ... 94.52 % girl ... 90.5.5 % 2. dmf t rate ... 37.07 % dmf t index ... 7.09 3. dmf s rate ... 13.74 % dmf s index ... 13.14 % 4. df t index ... 6.94 5. Each percentage of d, m & f per dmf teeth d rate ... 89.96 % m rate ... 7.24 % f rate ... 2.67 % 6. Most frequent site of dental caries in each tooth $\underline{A}$ mesial $\overline{A}$ distal $\underline{B}$ mesial $\overline{B}$ distal $\underline{C}$ distal $\overline{C}$ distal $\underline{D}$ disto-occlusal $\overline{D}$ disto-occlusal $\underline{E}$ linguo-occlusal $\overline{E}$ occlusal 7. Order of caries susceptibility $\overline{E}$ $\underline{E}$ $\overline{D}$ $\underline{D}$ $\underline{A}$ $\underline{B}$ $\overline{C}$ $\underline{C}$ $\overline{B}$ $\overline{A}$ 8. All the values in caries criteria showed a marked increae from those of 1968.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2007

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the distribution of apolipoproteins A-I and B among Korean employees and their partners. Methods : The study population consisted of 7,633 men and women (4,578 men and 3,054 women) residing in Seoul and Kyung-gee Do, with an average age of $43.5{\pm}8.3$ years. Blood samples were collected following at least 12 hours of fasting. Apolipoproteins A-I and B were measured using a Behring Nephelometer analyzer. The body mass index (BMI) for each participant was calculated as weight (kg) divided by height squared $(m^2)$. Information on health-related behaviors such as exercise, alcohol intake, and smoking habits was collected through self-administrated questionnaires. Results : The mean concentrations of Apo A-I were $132.6{\pm}22.3mg/dL$ and $142.9{\pm}24.8mg/dL$ in the men and women, respectively. The concentration of Apo A-I increased significantly across all age categories of men. The mean concentrations of Apo B were $101.7{\pm}23.2mg/dL$ and $87.8{\pm}23.5mg/dL$ in the men and women, respectively, and Apo B increased significantly across all age categories for both the men and women. Exercise and BMI were major determinants for Apo A-I and B levels. The 10th percentile of Apo A-I concentration was 109 mg/dL in the men and 113 mg/dL in the women, and the 90th percentile of Apo B concentration was 131 mg/dL in the men and 118 mg/dL women. Conclusions : For the prevention of coronary artery disease, we recommend that for individuals in the 10th percentile of concentration for Apo A-I and the 90th percentile of concentration for Apo B, active preventive interventions such as weight loss and exercise should be taken. This study, within its limitations, may be useful for evaluating apolipoprotein A-I and B concentrations in Korean adults.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.79-93
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• 1987

The result of various researches mainly in search of 194 Shigella strains, isolated by the Health Research Centers(situated in Seoul city, Inchon city, Pusan city, Kyonggi-Do, Kangwon-Do, Chungchongnam and Buk-Do, Kyongsangnam and Buk-Do, Jollanam and Buk-Do, and Jaeju-Do) in addition to those clinical laboratories of all the general hospitals situated down twon Seoul, conducted during the month of Jan. through Dec. 85, through the reisolating-activity program following its transportation into the laboratory, particularly for a complete check on its correctiveness, are as follows: 1. Isolation processes were performed with the 194 strains obtained from each placeduring the period of investigation: 164 Strains(84.5%) of Sh. flexneri, B group; 6 Strains(3.1%) of Sh. boydii, C group; 24 Strains(12.3%) of Sh. sonnei, D group, which means there's quite a lot in B group while Sh. dysenteriae, A group was not isolated at all. 2. The isolation rate of the 164, B group for subserotype was 1b, 84(51.2%) the highest one, 2(1.2%) on 3a the lowest one, 4, on C group; In D group subserotype II showed 14(58.4%) more than subserotype I. 3. The biological data on sexuality regarding the isolation-strain showed traditional particularity. But the subserotype 1b in B group 2(2.4%) showed gas-growth from glucose. In subserotype 1a, the indole-growth was 88.9% on masculine which was considerably a good one. In the test of arginine dihydrolase subserotype I among D group showed 100% masculine rate. The subserotype 6 among B group showed 92.5% masculine. In the dissolution test of manitol, all subserotypes showed 100% maculine except subserotype 1b. In the dissolutioning test of rhamnose, the subserotype I among D group showed 100% masculine which is the unusual one. 4. Interms of the area among 13 districts examined, Kangwon-Do had 41(21.1%) which is the highest one on its ratio. 5. In terms of season on the strain isolation category, 44(22.7%) is the number isolated in April which is the highest one. 6. In terms of ages, the strain isolation ratio was notably high above the ages of 60 which was 34(17.5%). Next one was 29(14.9%) which was under the ages of 4. 7. In terms of sex, female was 113 or 58.2% while male was 74 or 38.2%, which means the female had more than the male. 8. The result of the resisting capability on the usage of 12 antibiotic medication was; 100% on chloramphenicol; 94.3% on tetracycline, 82.0% on streptomycin, 76.3% on carbenicillin, 74.7% on ampicillin, in regular order. The strain source bearing multimedication resisivity against the 5 antibiotic medication is as many as 117 or 60.3%. Of which 43.3% of 1b sub serotype, B group was the best one, and thus the resistivity against the antistrain medication seems the tendency is being changed. The summing up of the above result shows the total specific strains isolated in each branch in Korea is 194, of which the main type is Sh. flexneri 84.5%. The isolating rate is almost evenly spreading, although the Kangwon-Do showed the highest rate on the above data. It also shows female is higher than male on its statistics. The tendency on age category showed both on old and infancy generations high. However, the resistant capability against antibacteria medication or vaccine was still remaining on habitual one, particularly tending towards multimedication or vaccine trend.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기기기및에너지변환시스템부문B
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2002

The paper proposes the characteristics analysis for a Transverse flux type Switched Reluctance Motor(TSRM) considering the nonlinear magnetic phenomena. To investigate the nonlinear parameters of magnetic equivalent circuit, the designed TSRM is analyzed by the 2D and 3D finite element method as functions of input current and angular displacement. On the base of FEM analysis results, the current, torque, back EMF and output power wave of TSRM are simulated from the motion equation by MATLAB/Simulink. The simulated performance characteristics for a 4-phase, 24-pole TSRM are verified by experimental results of a prototype TSRM.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.577-598
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• 1996

This study was conducted to identify the effects of caffeine or combinations of caffeine and iron or vitamin E on the lipid and protein components or blood chemistry levels of the serum as well as the total homogenate, mitochondrial and microsomal fraction of the rat(Sprague-Dawley, female) liver. Chronic test were conducted to determine those effects. The chronic test was conducted by dividing rats into 5 groups according to the type of drugs and dosages administrated as follows; the control(group A), and group B was given 25mg/kg caffeine orally once daily for 30 days, group C was given 50mg/kg caffeine orally once daily for 30 days, group D was given 25mg/kg caffeine and orally ferric chloride once daily for 30 days and group E was given 25mg/kg caffeine and 25mg/kg vitamin E once daily for 30 days. The concentrations of glucose, urea nitrogen, uric acid, creatinine, total protein, albumin, A/G ratio, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, free fatty acid, phospholipid as well as the activities of alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and alkaline phosphatase(ALP) were measured in the serum of each experimental groups. The concentrations of the carbonyl group and malondiaidehyde(MDA) and the patterns of the SDS-PAGE(Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate - Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis) and fatty acid compositions in free fatty acids and phospholipids were analyzed to determine the oxidative damages and metabolic changes on the lipid and protein components in the serum, and total homogenate, mitochondrial and microsomal fractions of the rat liver. The results obtained from this study were summarized as follows; 1. Body weights of groups B, C, D and E were significantly decreased(p < 0.01) in comparison with that of the control in the chronic test. 2. The concentrations of serum glucose in groups B(124.5mg/dl), C(130.1mg/dl), D(122.1mg/dl), E(119.3mg/dl) were significantly higher(p < 0.01) in comparison to that of the control(101.5mg/dl). But, there were no significant differences in the concentrations of urea nitrogen, uric acid, creatinine, total protein, albumin and A/G ratio in comparison to that of the control. 3. The concentrations of total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol in serum of groups B(69.6, 53.4mg/dl), C(73.0, 56.3mg/dl), D(68.9, 51.1mg/dl) and E(68.2, 51.3mg/dl) were significantly higher(p < 0.01) in comparison to that of the control(52.6, 38.8mg/dl). On the other hand, the concentrations of triglyceride in serum of groups B(45.0mg/dl), C(40.4mg/dl), D(33.8mg/dl) and E(47.2mg/dl) were significantly lower(p < 0.01) in comparison to that of the control(66.2mg/dl). There were no significant differences in the activities of ALT, AST and ALP in comparison to that of the control. 4. The concentrations of free fatty acid and phospholipid in serum of groups B(45.7, 154.4mg/dl), C(50.0, 167.2mg/dl), D(52.5, 148.4mg/dl) and E(41.1, 159.2mg/dl) were higher(p < 0.01) in comparison to that of the control(35.2, 125.3mg/dl). And the concentrations of the carbonyl group and malondialdehyde in serum of group D(1.82, 0.52nM/mg protein) were significantly higher(p < 0.01) in comparison to the control(1.53nM/mg protein). 5. The concentrations of carbonyl group in total homogenate, mitochondrial and microsomal fraction of group D(1.45, 0.94, 1.67nM/mg protein) were significantly higher (p < 0.01) in comparison to the control(1.16, 0.66, 1.27nM/mg protein). And the concentrations of malondialdehyde in the total homogenate, mitochondrial and microsomal fraction of group D(6.70, 6.10, 1.36nM/mg protein) were significantly higher(p < 0.01) in comparison to the control(5.17, 3.64, 0.68nM/mg protein). 6. As the analytical results of the fatty acid compositions of free fatty acid in serum, the proportions of stearic acid and arachidonic acid of groups B(16.52, 12.62%), C(17.52, 15.18%), D(19.73, 13.47%) and E(17.62, 13.28%) were significantly higher(p < 0.01) in comparison to the control(14.75, 7.88%), but the proportions of oleic acid and linoleic acid of groups B(12.97, 32.59%), C(10.88, 31.23%), D(12.37, 30.66%) and E(11.95, 32.41%) were significantly lower(p < 0.01) in comparison to the control(16.44, 35.12%). Otherwise, as the results of the fatty acid compositions of phospholipid in serum, the proportions of stearic acid and arachidonic acid of groups B(39.37, 16.39%), C(40.63, 17.83%), D(42.73, 15.39%) and E(39.16, 15.70%) were significantly higher(p < 0.01) in comparison to the control(37.74, 14.24%), but the proportions of oleic acid and linoleic acid of groups B(4.03, 14.38%), C(3.54, 12.38%), D(4.52, 11.68%) and E(4.29, 13.64%) were significantly lower(p < 0.01) in comparison to the control(5.53, 16.14%). 7. As the analytical results of the fatty acid compositions of free fatty acid in total homogenate, mitochondrial and microsomal fraction of liver, the proportions of oleic acid of groups B(7.8**, 8.73**, 6.88%) and C(6.89**, 7.75**, 6.58%) were lower(**:p < 0.01) in comparison to the control(8.67, 10.08, 7.81%), but the proportions of arachidonic acid of group C(22.62, 19.79, 23.71%) were significantly higher(p < 0.01) in comparison to the control(20.93, 18.47, 22.24%). And the proportions of palmitic acid of group D(25.95**, 26.16, 26.34**%) were significantly higher(**:p < 0.01) in comparison to the control(24.43, 25.42, 23.34%). In addition, the proportions of linoleic acid of group D(23.43, 25.02, 23.95%) were also significantly higher(p < 0.01) in comparison to the control(22.17, 23.75, 21.26%). The proportions of stearic acid of group D(19.87, 19.76**%) in mitochondrial and microsomal fraction were lower(**:p < 0.01) in comparison to the control(21.01, 24.18%), and the proportions of stearic acid of group E(16.71*, 19.65**%) in mitochondrial and microsomal fraction were significantly lower(**:p < 0.01, *:p < 0.05) in comparison to the control(21.01, 24.18%), and the proportions of linoleic acid of group E(25.04, 29.20, 26.48%) in total homogenate, mitochondria and microsome were significantly higher(p < 0.01) in comparison to the control(22.17, 23.75, 21.26%). 8. As the results of the fatty acid compositions of phospholipid in total homogenate, mitochondrial and microsomal fraction of liver, the proportions of palmitic acid of group D(17.58**, 18.78*, 18.23%**) were significantly higher(**:p < 0.01, *:p < 0.05) in comparison to the control(16.28, 17.22, 16.38%), and the proportions of stearic acid of group D(36.41, 37.23, 39.53%) were also significantly higher(p < 0.01) in comparison to the control(34.18, 34.16, 36.04%). But the proportions of oleic acid(3.41*, 3.11**, 3.12**%) and linoleic acid (18.03**, 15.79**, 14.74**%) of group D were significantly lower(**:p < 0.01, *:p < 0.05) in comparison to the control(oleic : 3.63, 3.72, 3.79%, linoleic : 20.03, 18.71, 18.48%). 9. In order to determine the oxidative damages to the protein in serum, mitochondrial and microsomal fraction of the rat liver, the patterns of the SDS-PAGE were identified, but the results of SDS-PAGE were not significantly different between the control and experimental groups.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.97-106
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• 2004

본 실험은 현장에서 발생할 수 있는 도축 전개체 관리와 도축 후 냉각온도의 편차가 숙성기간동안 육질에 미치는 영향을 관찰하기 위해 설계되었다. 총 20 두 랜드레이스를 도축 하루 전날부터 절식(n = 10)한 처리구와 도축일 아침까지 급여(n = 10)한 처리구 중에 각각 5마리씩을 무작위 선발하여 도축 전 스트레스(n = 10)와 무 스트레스(n = 10) 처리하엿다. 분할 후 좌도체는 $6^{\circ}C$에 우도체는 -$3^{\circ}C$의 도체 냉각실에서 24시간 냉각하였다. 사후 강직기와 도축 후 24시간의 pH, 온도, 유리 칼슘이온, 단백질 분해도를 측정하였으며, 1일째 근절길이, $1^{\circ}C$에서 3일 및 7일째 드립량, 1, 3, 7일째 육색, 전단력 및 가열 감량을 측정하였다. 본 실험 조건에서 도축 직전 15분 동안 몰이스트레스는 유리 칼슘량을 제외한 대사속도 및 육질 특성에 영향을 주지 않았다. 절식하지 않은 구는 절식한 처리구와 비교하여 1시간과 24시간에 빠른 pH 하강을 보였고 (P < 0.1), - $3^{\circ}C$ 냉각 조건에서는 $6^{\circ}C$에서 냉각한 처리구와 비교하여 도축후 3시간부터 완만한 pH 강하속도(P < 00.1)을 보였으나 최종 pH가 5.7 ${\sim}$ 5.8로 처리 구간에 큰 차이가 없었다. pH 6.2에서 절식과 냉각방법간에 상호 작용이 있었는데, 절식하지 않은 도체를 $6^{\circ}C$에서 냉각했을 경우 온도가 $33.3^{\circ}C$로 절식시킨 처리구를 - $3^{\circ}C$에서 냉각한 처리구와 비교하여($22.2^{\circ}C$) 11$^{\circ}C$ 더 낮은 온도를 보였다. 근절길이는 1.7 ${\sim}$ 1.8 ${\mu}m$로 처리간에 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 24시간째 전단력은 절식처리구에서 약 2kg 높았다(P < 0.05) 영향을 받았는데, 절식시킨 시험구에서 낮은 값을 보였다. 냉각실 온도는 전단력과 육색에 영향을 미치지 않았으나, -$3^{\circ}C$ 냉각이 가열 감량을 유의적으로 감소시켰다(P < 0.05), 숙성기간 동안 전단력은 사료 급여를 하지 않은 도체에서 도축 후 1일에 약 6.5 kg으로 도축전까지 급여한 구보다 높았는데( P <0.05), 이 결과는 빠른 pH 하강과 유리 칼슘이온의 방출로 높은 도체 온도에서 단백질 분해 효소의 높은 활성과 관련된 것으로 판단되었고, 이것은 빠른 Desmin 분해 속도가 뒷받침하였다. 하지만 숙성 7일째에는 처리간의 전단력 차이는 관찰되지 않았다. 가열 감량 숙성기간동안 가열 감량을 크게 증가시켜 숙성 7일째에는 유의적으로 높은(P < 0.01) 가열 감량을 유발하였다. 이러한 결과는 육색과도 연관 되었는데, 육색은 결과는 육색과도 연관 되었는데, 육색은 진공포장 후 7일 동안 $1^{\circ}C$에서 숙성한 결과 절식시킨 시험구와 지교하여 도축 전 급여가 더 밝고 붉은색(P < 0.05)을 나타냈다. 명도는 숙성 7일째에 유의적으로 증가하였고, 적색도는 3일째에 증가하였으나 7일째에는 변화가 없었다. 이러한 변화는 통계적으로는 유의성이 관찰되었으나 그 차이점은 미미했다. 본 실험결과는 도축 전날까지 급여 또는 절식 여부는 숙성 3일 이상일 경우 연도에는 영향을 미치지 않으나, 도축일 아침까지 급여가 보수력을 감소시키므로 도축 하루 전날부터 절식하는 것이 육질을 증가시킨다는 것을 시사하고 있다.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.219-223
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• 1998

고추(Capsicum annuum L.) 8품종을 공시하고, 1핵기의 화분을 포함한 약을 0.004㎎/L 2,4-D, 0.1㎎/L kinetin, 3% sucrose 그리고 0.2%Gelrite를 첨가한 MS배지에 치상하고, 35℃에서 24시간처리 후, 25℃ 16시간 조명에서 40일간 배양하였다. 캘러스와 배상체형성율은 품종에 따라 다양하였다. 배상체는 'Cheongyang'과 'Fushimi Amanaga'에서 형성되었고, 반면에 캘러스는 'California Wonder', 'Fushimi Amanaga' 그리고 'Geoseong'에서 형성되었다. 활성탄 l%를 첨가한 배지에서의 배상체는 'Cheongyang'만 0.5% 형성되었고, 반면에 캘러스는 형성되지 않았다. 1/2MS배지에서 배상체는 'Shishitou', 'Yatsufusa' 그리고 'Taka no Tsume'가 1.2%, 0.4% 그리고 0.4% 각각 형성되었지만, 1/2 B5배지의 캘러스는 'Yatsufusa' 그리고 'Taka no Tsume'가 2.8% 그리고 2.7% 각각 형성되었다. 배상체는 MS배지로 이식하여 생장하였다. 'Cheongyang'의 근단 염색체수는 2n=x=12의 반수체이었다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.349-354
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• 1974

충남(忠南) 금산군내(錦山郡內) 1,141가구(家口) 7,050 가구원(家口員)에 대(對)한 조사결과(調査結果)를 총괄(總括)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 평균(平均) 가구원수(家口員數)는 6.18명(名)(${\pm}2.17$명(名))이며 성비(性比)는 105.5로 비교적(比較的) 높은 편(便)이며, 20세미만(未滿)의 인구(人口)가 51.6%를 점(占)하고 인구증대형(人口增大型)의 구성(構成)을 가지고 있었다. 2. 문맹률(文盲率)이 12.1%이며 고교졸업이상(高校卒業以上)의 부락민(部落民)은 4.1%에 불우(不遇)했다. 주민(住民)의 79.8%가 유직(有職)이며 이 중 농업(農業)이 46.1%였다. 가옥소유형태별(家屋所有形態別)로는 자택(自宅)이 95.2%이고 무주택률(無住宅率)은 4.8%였다. 3. 보건소(保健所)나 보건지소(保健支所)를 1년간(年間)($73.4.1{\sim}74.3.31$)에 이용(利用)한 가구(家口)는 72.0%였으며, 빈도(頻度)에 있어서는 $2{\sim}4$회(回)가 26.8%로 가장 높았고 이용목적(利用目的)은 예방접종(豫防接種) 35.7%, 치료(治療) 26.7%, 가족계획(家族計劃) 24.1%, 모자보건(母子保建) 10.5%의 순(順)이었다. 4. 주민(住民)들의 보건소(保健所)및 지소(支所) 이용도(利用度)는 연간(年間) 가구당(家口當) 4.4회(回)이며 주민(住民) 1인당(人當) 0.75회(回) 이용(利用)했다. 5. 출생률(出生率)은 人口(人口) 1,000명당(名當) 19.1, 사망률(死亡率)은 7.5로 자연증가율(自然增加率)은 1.16%였다. 6. 가임여성(可妊女性)($20{\sim}40$세)의 37.7%가 미혼자(未婚者)였고, 연령별(年齡別) 출산회수(出産回數)의 총계(總計)에 있어서는 $36{\sim}40$세의 17.1%가 가장 높았다. 7. 미혼자(未婚者)가 61.4%로 연소층(年少層)이 많은 인구구성(人口構成)을 가지고 있으며 남여별(男女別)로 보면 미혼남자(未婚男子)가 67.2%, 미혼여자(未婚女子)가 57.6%이었다. 8. 기혼자(旣婚者) 2,711명중(名中) 가족계획(家族計劃) 실시자(實施者)는 612명(名)(22.57%)에 불과(不過)하였으며, 남여별(男女別)로 보면 남자(男子) 8.33%, 여자(女子) 34.82%가 실시(實施)하고 있었다. 실시자(實施者)의 16.01%만이 영구피임방법(永久避妊方法)을 사용(使用)하였고 83.98%는 일시적(一時的)인 피임방법(避妊方法)을 사용(使用)하고 있었다. 9. 예방접종(豫防接種)은 대상자(對象者)의 57.7%에서 실시(實施)되었으며 종별(種別)로는 B.C.G vaccine 82.7%, D.P.T. vaccine 76.2%, Poliovaccine 67.9%, 종두(種痘) 62.6%의 순(順)이였다. 10. 의료기관리용(醫療機關利用)에 있어서는 약국(藥局) 32.16%, 병의원(病醫院) 28.65%, 보건소(保健所) 및 지소(支所) 17.96%, 한약방(漢藥房) 7.36%, 그리고 한의원(漢醫院) 6.31%이었다. 질병(疾病)으로는 신경통(神經痛)이 가장 많았고 그 다음이 소화기계질환(消化器系疾患), 호흡기계(呼吸器系) 및 피부병(皮膚病)의 순서(順序)였다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.293-298
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• 2005

규격이 다른 5가지 사육용기, A용기 (원통형, 직경 10 cm, 높이 4 cm), B용기 (원통형, 지름 14.5 cm, 높이 2.8 cm), C용기 (사각통, 가로${\times}$세로 : $6.5{\times}6.5cm$, 높이 10 cm), D용기 (원통형, 밑지름 9 cm, 밑지름 11.5 cm,높이 10.8 cm), E용기 (원통형, 직경 15 cm, 높이 7.5 cm)에 두류종자 (대두+땅 콩종자) 및 스폰지급수물을 제공하여 $24^{\circ}C$, 16L:8D 실내조건에서 가로줄노린재의 부화율, 우화율 및 산란수를 조사하여 증식율을 구하였다. 난기간은 사육용기에 관계없이 6일 이었다. 부화율은 $63{\sim}80%$로 B용기에서 가장 높았다. 영기별 발육기간은 1령에서 5일, 5령에서 11일로 영기가 증가할수록 현저히 증가하였다. 약충기간은 $35{\sim}36$일로 사육용기에 따른 현저한 차이는 없었다. 우화을은 $65{\sim}82%$로 B용기에서 가장 높았으며, 다음은 A용기 였다. 성충수명은 수컷에서 $35{\sim}83$일, 암컷에서 $32{\sim}79$일 이었고, 성별에 관계없이 B용기에서 가장 길었다. 암컷의 산란수는 $38{\sim}86$개로 사육용기에 따라 현저한 차이가 있었으며, B용기에서 가장 많았고, E용기에서 가장 적었다. 따라서 가로줄노린재의 1세대 증식율은 약 $17{\sim}56$배로 사육용기에 따른 현저한 차이와 함께 B용기에서 가장 높았다. 그러므로 실내에서 가로줄노린재를 가장 안정적으로 사육하기 위해선 B용기를 이용하는 것이 가장 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.97-110
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• 1970

This survey was conducted to evaluate not only the present status of health center directors-their personal histories, their will to private practice in the future, their responses to governmental policies, -but also the distribution of doctorless myons, budget and subsidy, and director's opinions to the enhancement of health center activities. This survey questioned 116 health center directors and 16 health personnel from August to October of 1970 and obtained the following results; 1) The average ages of directors of kun, city, and total health centers were $43.2{\pm}7.8,\;42.1{\pm}7.7,\;and\;42.9{\pm}10.3$ respectively. 2) The average family sizes of directors of kun, city, and total health centers were $5.6{\pm}2.7,\;5.6{\pm}2.1,\;and\;5.6{\pm}2.6$ respectively. 3) Directors holding M. D. degrees were 79.3%, those holding qualified M. D. degrees ('approved director') were 20.7%. 4) M. P. H., M. S., and Ph. D. holders were 6.0%, 6.1%, and 4.3% respectively. 5) The average duration of present directorship in kun and city were 30.2 months and 20.4 months respectively. 6) The majority of directors had been employed in related fields before assuming current position : directorship at other health center 26.7%, army 22.4%, health subcenter 21.6%, private practice 19.0%. 7) Average length of directorship is 41.8 months. Average length of public health career, including health subcenter and present position, is 56.5 months. 8) Both rural and urban experience in health centers for regular directors is 16.3% and for approved directors, 12,5%. A total of 15.5% of all survey directors had experience in both rural and urban health center. 9) A total of 70.7% of health center directorships were staffed by local doctors. 10) Nearly 40% wanted to quit the directorships within 3 years and 60.3% had already experienced private practice. 11) Of the regular directors 17.4% felt strongly about devoting their lives to public health fields, but only 4.1% of the approved approved directors felt so. 12) There wire 432 doctorless myons among 996 respondent myons and 4.5 doctorless myons per kun. 13) The percentage of doctorless myon by Province are as follows, Cholla buk-do 57.2%, Cholla nam-de 55.0%, Kyungsang nam-do 52.0%, Kyungsang buk-do 49.7%, Chungchong but-do 42.4%, Kyonggi-do 32.9%. Cheju-do 30.8%, Kangwon-do 25.8%. 14) Two thirds of health critters have experienced the abscence of the director for a certain period since 1966 and the average span of the abscence was 18.2 months. 15) The percentage of doctorless myons increased proportionally with the span of the director's abscence. 16) The average budgets of health centers, kun, city and ku, were $W15.03\;million{\pm}W4.5\;million,\;W22.03\;million{\pm}W17.80\;million,\;W13.10\;million{\pm}W7.9\;million$ respectively. 17) Chunju city had the highest health budget per capita(W344) while Pusan Seo ku had the lowest(W19). 18) Director's medical subsidies are W30,000-50,000 in kun, and roughly W20,000 in city. 19) The older of priority in health center activities is T.B. control(31.1%), Family Planning and M. C. H.(28.0%), prevention of acute communicable disease and endemic disease (18.2%) and clinical care of patients(14.3%). 20) Nearly 32% opposed in principle the governmental policy of prohibiting medical doctors from going abroad. 21) Suggestions for immediate enhancing the position of director of health centers and subcenters: (1) Raise the base subsidy (48.2%), (2) Provide more opportunities for promotion (20.7%), (3) Exemption from army services(12.1%), (4) Full scholarship to medical students for this purpose only (7.8%). 22) A newly established medical school was opposed by 56.9% of the directors, however 33.6% of them approved. 23) Pertaining to the division of labor in Medicine and Pharmacy, the largest portion (31.9%) urged the immediate partial division of antibiotics and some addictive drugs to be given only by prescription. 24) More than half wanted a W70,000 level for the director's medical subsidies, white 36.2% stated W50,000. 25) Urgently needed skills in the kun are clinical pathologist (38.6%) and doctor (health center director) (25.5%); while in the city nurse (37.1%), doctors(clinical)(31.4%) and health educators(14.4%) are needed. 26) Essential treatment for the better health center administration; raising the base subsidy (22.7%), obtaining the power of personal management (19.3%) and the establishment of a Board of Health (14.3%). etc.