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The Production and Geochemistry of Evaporite from the Acid Mine Drainage (산성 광산배수로부터 형성되는 증발잔류광물의 생성량과 지구화학)

  • Park Cheon-Young;Cho Kap-Jin;Kim Seoung-Ku
    • Journal of the Korean earth science society
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    • v.26 no.6
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    • pp.524-540
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    • 2005
  • This study has focused on the amount of evaporites and geochemical characteritics of evaporites from the acid mine drainage and on the variation of constituents in acid mine drainage during evaporation. The various colors of evaporites are frequently observed at the rock surfaces contacting acid mine drainage. In order to produce evaporites in the laboratory, acid mine drainages were sampled from the abandoned mine areas (GTa, GTb, GH and GB) and air-dried at room temperature. During the evaporation of acid mine drainages, TDS, EC values and the concentrations of major and minor ions increased, whereas ER and DO values decreased with time. The concentration of Fe increased gradually with evaporation time in the GTb and GB, whereas GH founded in one day but rapidly not detected in the other day after due to removal of Fe by formation-precipitation of amorphous Fe hydroxide. The amounts of the evaporites were produced in amounts of 4 g (GTa), 5 g (GB), 15 g (GH), and 24 g (GTb) from 4 liter of acid mine drainage after 80 days of the evaporation, respectively. In linear analysis from the products with the parameters which are the EC, TDS, salinity, ER, DO and pH contents in field, the determination coefficients were 0.98, 0.99, 0.98, 0.88, 0.89, and 0.25 respectively. If we measure the parameters in field, it would be easy to estimate the amount of evaporites in acid mine drainage. Gypsum and epsomite were identified in all of the evaporites by x-ray powder diffraction studies. Evaporite (GTb) was heated at 52, 65, 70, 95, 150, 250, and 350oC for one hour in electrical furnaces. Gypsum, $CaSO_4\cdot1/2H_2O$ and kieserite were identified in the heated evaporite by XRD. With increased heating temperature, the intensity of the peak at $7.66/AA$ (diagnostic peak of gypsum), the peak at 5.59A ($CaSO_4{\cdot}1/2H_2O)$ and the peak at $4.83{\AA}$ (kieserite) decreased in x-ray diffraction due to dehydration. In the SEM and EDS analysis for the evaporite, gypsum of well-crystallized, radiating cluster of fibrous, acicular, and columnar shapes were observed in all samples. Ca was not detected in the EDS analysis of the flower structures of GTb. Because of that, the evaporite with flower structures is thought to be eposmite.

Physical and Chemical Ingredients Components and Physiological Activity of Chungtaejeon and Green Tea Extracts (청태전과 녹차 추출물의 이화학적 성분과 생리 활성)

  • Park, Yong-Seo;Lee, Mi-Kyung;Ryu, Hyeun-Hee;Heo, Buk-Gu
    • Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.391-396
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    • 2008
  • This study was carried out to help restore and spread broaden the consumption of Chungtaejeon, a our traditional tea, Chungtaejeon in Korea, and as well as to gather the basic data on Chutaejeon tea. We have also compared the various ingredients components and physiological activities of Chungtaejeon tea extracts with that of green tea extracts. According to the results, the total phenol contents in of the Chungtaejeon and green tea extracts were 90.56 and 98.70 mg/100 mL, respectively, and their tannin contents levels in Chungtaejeon and green tea extracts were 214.14 mg/100 mL and 259.60 mg/100 mL, respectively, showing a difference in content. The catechin contents of the Chetaejeon and green tea extracts were in the order of EGC($15.80{\sim}16.50\;mg/100mL$), EGCG($10.40{\sim}10.60\;mg/100 mL$), and ECG($9.55{\sim}9.88\;mg/100 mL$), however, with the exception of EC(7.86 mg/100 mL) in the green tea extracts, there were not significant differences between that in them Chetaejeon and green tea extracts. Quercetin was the main flavonoid ingredient component in those both the Chungtaejeon and green tea extracts was quercetin, at levels of 0.08 mg/100 mL and 0.06 mg/100 mL and its contents in Chungtaejeon and green tea extracts were 0.08 mg/100 mL and 0.06 mg/100 mL, respectively. The primary amino acid in both tea extracts was theanine main amino acid at levels of, theanine contents were most increased in 8.02 mg/100mL and 10.80 mg/100 mL, respectively, Chungtaejeon tea extracts by 8.02 mg/100 mL and green tea extracts by 10.80 mg/100 mL. And the arginine contents of the Chungtaejeon and green tea extracts in Chungtaejeon and green tea extracts were 1.78 mg/100 mL and 1.86 mg/100 mL, respectively. In terms of mineral composition, potassium content was highest contents in the Chungtaejeon and green tea extracts by 19.80 and 18.04 mg/100 mL, respectively. Finally, the Chungtaejeon tea extracts offered the greatest anti-oxidation and ACE inhibition activities were most increased in the Chungtaejeon tea extracts, and the green tea extracts showed the highest level of nitrite radical scavenging activity at 90% was extremely much increased in the green tea extracts by 90%.

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