• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권11호
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• pp.1496-1502
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• 2010

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of diet complexity and fermented soy protein on growth performance and amino acid digestibility. In Exp. 1, a total of 120 crossbred weanling pigs ($5.68{\pm}0.80\;kg$ BW) were randomly allocated into 4 treatments. Each treatment had 6 replicate pens comprising 5 pigs in each replicate. Experimental diets consisted of simple (soybean meal as protein source) and complex (soybean meal, rice protein concentrate, potato protein concentrate and fish meal as protein sources) diets; each diet contained 0 or 5% fermented soy protein (FSP), respectively. Dietary treatments included: i) simple diet; ii) simple diet with 5% FSP; iii) complex diet; iv) complex diet with 5% FSP. Pigs were provided each experimental diet for 20 d (phase 1) and then fed the same common diet for 10 d (phase 2). During days 0-10, pigs fed FSP diets had greater ADG than those fed non-FSP diets (p<0.05). G/F in FSP treatments was significantly higher than that in non-FSP treatments (p<0.05) from days 0 to 10. Throughout the overall period, G/F was greater in FSP treatments compared with non-FSP treatments (p<0.05). On d 10, N digestibility was higher in pigs fed FSP diets than in those fed non-FSP diets (p<0.05). Diet complexity did not affect growth performance and nutrient digestibility (p>0.05) in this experiment. In Exp 2, 12 ileal-cannulated, weanling barrows were housed in individual metabolism crates and randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments (same as Exp. 1) by using a $4{\times}4$ Latin square design. Among the essential amino acids, apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of Met and Val were increased in pigs fed FSP diets compared with those fed non-FSP diets (p<0.05). AID of Met, Phe and total essential amino acids were higher in pigs fed complex diets than in those fed simple diets (p<0.05). Among the non-essential amino acids, AID of Ala in FSP treatments was greater than that in non-FSP treatments (p<0.05). In addition, Asp, Cys, Glu, Pro, Ser and total non-essential amino acid digestibilities in pigs fed complex diets were higher compared with those fed simple diets (p<0.05). Interaction was observed in AID of Met, Asp and Pro. In conclusion, these results indicated that feeding of 5% FSP to nursery pigs improved feed efficiency and AID of amino acids, and diet complexity did not maximize the growth performance of pigs in the subsequent phase.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제58권11호
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• pp.40.1-40.5
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• 2016

Background: Currently about 26,000 horses are breeding in Korea and 57.2% (14,776 horses) of them are breeding in Jeju island. According to the statistics published in 2010, the horses breeding in Jeju island are subdivided into Jeju horse (6.1%), Thoroughbred (18.8%) and Halla horse (75.1%). Halla horses are defined as a crossbreed between Jeju and Thoroughbred horses and are used for horse racing, horse riding and horse meat production. However, little research has been conducted on Halla horses because of the perception of crossbreed and people's weighted interest toward Jeju horses. Method: Using 17 Microsatellite (MS) Markers recommended by International Society for Animal Genetics (ISAG), genomic DNAs were extracted from the hair roots of 3,880 Halla horses breeding in Korea and genetic diversity was identified by genotyping after PCR was performed. Results and conclusion: In average, 10.41 alleles (from 6 alleles in HTG7 to 17 alleles in ASB17) were identified after the analysis using 17 MS Markers. The mean value of $H_{obs}$ was 0.749 with a range from 0.612(HMS1) to 0. 857(ASB2). Also, it was found that $H_{\exp}$ and PIC values were lowest in HMS1 (0.607 and 0.548, respectively), and highest in LEX3(0.859 and 0.843, respectively), and the mean value of $H_{\exp}$ was 0.760 and that of PIC was 0.728. 17 MS markers used in this studies were considered as appropriate markers for the polymorphism analysis of Halla horses. The frequency for the appearance of identical individuals was $5.90{\times}10^{-20}$ when assumed as random mating population and when assumed as half-sib and full-sib population, frequencies were $4.08{\times}10^{-15}$ and $3.56{\times}10^{-8}$, respectively. Based on these results, the 17 MS markers can be used adequately for the Individual Identification and Parentage Verification of Halla horses. Remarkably, allele M and Q of ASB23 marker, G of HMS2 marker, H and L of HTG6 marker, L of HTG7 marker, E of LEX3 marker were the specific alleles unique to Halla horses.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.263-271
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• 2010

This trial was conducted to determine the effects of feeding a diet containing solid-state fermented rapeseed meal on performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal ecology and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens. A mixed liquid culture, containing approximately 5 log cfu/ml Lactobacillus fermentum, Enterococcus faecium, Saccharomyces cerevisae and Bacillus subtilis was prepared in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. A basal substrate (BS) containing 75% rapeseed, 24% wheat bran and 1% brown sugar was mixed with the liquid culture in a ratio of 10:3. Over the 30-day fermentation, isothiocyanates were reduced from 119.6 to 14.7 mmol/kg. A total of 168, day-old male Arbor Acres broiler chicks were assigned to one of three dietary treatments including a corn-soybean meal based control diet as well as two experimental diets in which the control diet was supplemented with 10% of the BS containing unfermented rapeseed meal or 10% of the BS containing rapeseed meal subjected to solid state fermentation. There were 8 pens per treatment and 7 birds per pen. From days 19-21 and days 40-42, uncontaminated excreta were collected from each pen for digestibility determinations. In addition, digesta from the colon and ceca were collected to determine the number of lactobacilli, enterobacteria and total aerobes. The middle sections of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were collected for intestinal morphology. Over the entire experimental period (d 1-42), the weight gain and feed conversion of birds fed fermented rapeseed meal were superior (p<0.05) to that of birds fed nonfermented rapeseed meal and did not differ from the soybean control. On day 42, birds fed fermented rapeseed meal had higher (p<0.05) total tract apparent digestibility coefficients for dry matter, energy, and calcium than birds fed non-fermented rapeseed meal. Colon and ceca digesta from broilers fed the fermented feed had higher (p<0.05) lactobacilli counts than birds fed the control and non-fermented rapeseed meal diets on day 21 and 42. Fermentation also improved (p<0.05) villus height and the villus height:crypt depth ratio in the ileum and jejunum on day 21 and 42. The results indicate that solid-state fermentation of rapeseed meal enhanced performance and improved the intestinal morphology of broilers and may allow greater quantities of rapeseed meal to be fed to broilers potentially reducing the cost of broiler production.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 pH(3 ~ 11)에 따른 카올리나이트(kaolinite)와 유로퓸(Eu(III)의 흡착에 있어서 휴믹산(HA)이 미치는 영향을 회분식 실험(V/m = 250 : 1 mL/g, $C_{Eu(III)}\;=\;1\;{\times}\;10^{-5}\;mol/L$, $C_{HA}\;=\;5{\sim}50\;mg/L$, $P_{CO2}=10^{-3.5}\;atm$)을 통해 조사하였다. 반응 상등액 중 HA 농도는 254 nm에서의 UV 흡광도(즉, $UV_{254}$) 분석을 통해 결정하였고, Eu(III) 농도는 마이크로웨이브(microwave)를 통한 전처리 후 ICP-MS를 이용하여 측정하였다. 실험결과, 카올리나이트에 대한 HA의 흡착은 전형적인 Langmuir 흡착 특성(pH 3 제외)을 보였으며, pH가 증가할수록 감소하였다. pH 4 ~ 11에서의 최대 흡착량($q_{max}$)은 4.73 ~ 0.47 mg/g의 범위이었다. 카올리나이트에 대한 Eu(III) 흡착은 pH 3 ~ 5에서 급격히 증가한 이 후 pH 6이상에서 흡착포화(adsorption edge)에 도달하는 전형적인 Eu-광물질 흡착곡선을 보였다. 그러나 HA가 존재하는 경우 pH에 따른 흡착특성에 변화를 보였다. 즉, pH가 낮은 산성영역(pH 3 ~ 4)에서는 카올리나이트에 흡착된 HA에 의한 Eu의 추가 흡착으로 인해 Eu의 흡착율이 상승하나, 중성 및 알칼리 영역(pH > 6)에서는 용존성 EuHA 착물 형성으로 인해 Eu 흡착율이 크게 감소하였다. 이러한 카올리나이트-Eu-HA 삼성분계에서의 흡착실험 결과는 카올리나이트-HA, 카올리나이트-Eu 등의 결과와 비교 해석하였고, pH에 따른 흡착 기작의 차이점을 고찰하였다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.490-494
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• 2003

목 적 : 부산지역 초등학교 1학년 학생을 대상으로 선천성 심장질환 및 부정맥의 빈도를 파악하고 이들에게 적절한 조기 치료 및 평소 생활 관리를 통하여 심장병으로 야기될 수 있는 실신이나 급사를 막기 위하여 본 연구를 실시하였다. 방 법 : 부산시내에 있는 모든 초등학교 1학년 학생들을 대상으로 설문지를 통한 설문 조사 및 심전도 검사를 실시하였고, 이들 검사에 이상 소견을 보인 학생은 2차 검사로 2차 심전도 검사 및 말초혈액검사, 흉부 X선 촬영 등을 추가로 검사하였다. 2차 검진에서 이상이 발견된 학생은 필요에 따라 3차 검사로 심장 초음파검사, 24시간 활동 중 심전도검사나 운동검사 등을 시행하여 심장 질환을 확진하였다. 결 과 : 총 학생수는 23,802명으로 남학생이 여학생에 비하여 1.19배 많았다. 1차 검진결과 심전도 검사에서 이상을 보인 경우는 605명(2.54%)이었으며 Q파 이상이 0.58%, 완전우각지차단이 0.26%, 동성빈맥이 0.24%의 순으로 높은 빈도를 보였고 그 외 우측편위, 심실조기박동, 불완전 우각지차단 및 WPW 증후군 등이 높은 빈도를 보였다. 또 심음도 검사에서 잡음이 청취된 54명(0.23%)였다. 1차 심점도 검사에서 이상이 있었던 605명 중 424명의 학생이 2차 검진을 받았으며 이 중 202명(47.6%)이 2차 검진에도 이상소견을 보였다. 또 1차 심음도 검사에 이상이 있었던 54명 중 30명이 2차 심음파 검사에도 이상소견을 보였다. 2차 심전도검사에서 볼 수 있었던 주된 이상은 동성빈맥이 18.8%, 심실조기수축 17.8%, 완전우각지차단 17.3%였으며, 그 외 WPW 증후군, T파 이상 등을 볼 수 있었다. 또 2차 심음파검사상 이상이 있었던 30명 중 27명은 수축기잡음, 2명은 이완기잡음, 1명은 수축기 및 이완기잡음이 함께 들렸다. 3차 검진은 2차 심전도검사에서 이상이 발견된 경우와 심음파검사에 이상이 있었던 모든 학생에게 심장 초음파검사를 추천하였다. 심잡음이 들렸던 30명 중 6명은 심장이상이 발견되었고 24명은 무해성 잡음이었다. 또 2차 심전도 검사에도 이상 소견을 보였던 학생 중 필요한 경우에 운동검사 및 24시간 활동 중 심전도를 실시한 경우들도 있었지만 생명을 위협할 수 있는 중한 부정맥인 상실성 빈맥이나 심실빈맥 등은 발견되지 않았다. 결 론 : 평소 건강해 보이는 소아의 경우도 선천성 심장질환이나 부정맥 등이 높은 빈도로 발견되었고, 이들에 대한 적절한 예방 및 치료가 심장질환으로 인한 실신이나 급사 등의 응급 상황의 빈도를 줄일 수 있으리라 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.74-81
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• 2010

The effects of different levels of natural clay enterosorbent on the growth, nutrient availability, and genital organs of post-weaning female pigs fed with an addition of zearalenone (ZEA) were investigated in the study. A total of thirty-five post-weaning gilts ($L{\times}Y{\times}D$) with an average body weight of 12.36${\pm}$1.46 kg were used in the test. The gilts were raised individually in metabolism cages and fed a corn-soybean meal-whey basal diet with an addition of 0 or 1 mg/kg of ZEA for 24 d with four levels of natural clay enterosorbent added in the feed. The treatments were: i) control; ii) control+2.5 g/kg clay; iii) control+1 mg/kg ZEA; iv) control+1 mg/kg ZEA+1.25 g/kg clay; v) control+1 mg/kg ZEA+2.5 g/kg clay; vi) control+1 mg/kg ZEA+5.0 g/kg clay; vii) control+1 mg/kg ZEA +10 g/kg clay. Pigs fed diets contaminated with additional purified ZEA had significantly reduced apparent digestibility of crude protein (CP), gross energy (GE) and apparent metabolic rate of GE (ME/GE, p<0.05) without changes of net protein utilization (NPU, p>0.05). Final body weight, average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), vulva length, vulva width, vulva area, relative weights of genital organ and proliferative changes of the ovary tissues in gilts fed ZEA-contaminated diet were increased (p<0.05) compared to the gilts fed the control diet. Addition of natural clay enterosorbent in the ZEA-contaminated diet showed a positive protection effect on ZEA feeding, and the protection was increased linearly or quadratically as clay content increased. However, in pigs fed a diet with clay alone at 2.5 g/kg level there was no significant impact (p>0.05) on all the parameters as compared to the control. It is suggested that feeding ZEA at about 1.0 mg/kg for 24 days might result in a deleterious effect in pigs, and addition of 5 or 10 g clay enterosorbent per kg diet can effectively neutralize the detrimental effects of the ZEA feeding.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2014

Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified various genetic susceptibility loci for breast cancer based mainly on European-ancestry populations. Differing linkage disequilibrium patterns exist between European and Asian populations. Methods: Ten SNPs (rs2075555 in COL1A1, rs12652447 in FBXL17, rs10941679 in 5p12/MRPS30, rs11878583 in ZNF577, rs7166081 in SMAD3, rs16917302 in ZNF365, rs311499 in 20q13.3, rs1045485 in CASP8, rs12964873 in CDH1 and rs8170 in 19p13.1) were here genotyped in 1009 Chinese females (487 patients with breast cancer and 522 control subjects) using the Sequenom MassARRAY iPLEX platform. Association analysis based on unconditional logistic regression was carried out to determine the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for each SNP. Stratification analyses were carried out based on the estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) status. Results: Among the 10 SNPs, rs10941679 showed significant association with breast cancer when differences between the case and control groups in this Han Chinese population were compared (30.09% GG, 45.4% GA and 23.7% AA; P = 0.012). Four SNPs (rs311499, rs1045485, rs12964873 and rs8170) showed no polymorphisms in our study. The remaining five SNPs showed no association with breast cancer in the present population. Immunohistochemical tests showed that rs2075555 was associated with ER status; the AA genotype showed greater association with ER negative than ER positive (OR = 0.54, 95% CI, 0.29-0.99; P = 0.046). AA of rs7166081 was also associated with ER status, but showed a greater association with ER positive than negative (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.04-2.44; P = 0.031). However, no significant associations were found among the SNPs and PR status. Conclusion: In this study using a Han Chinese population, rs10941679 was the only SNP associated with breast cancer risk, indicating a difference between European and Chinese populations in susceptibility loci. Therefore, confirmation studies are necessary before utilization of these loci in Chinese.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.1632-1638
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• 2010

Two experiments with growing pigs were conducted to investigate the effects of two distinct multienzyme preparations on nutrient digestibility, growth performance and blood profiles. In Exp. 1, a total of 96 pigs ($29.7{\pm}0.69\;kg$) were utilized in a 42-day performance and digestibility trial using four dietary treatments: CON (control diet), ENDO (control+0.10% Endopower), NSPase1 (control+0.10% NSPase) and NSPase2 (control+0.20% NSPase). Endopower was a commercial multienzyme preparation which contained ${\alpha}$-galactosidase, galactomannase, xylanase and ${\beta}$-glucanase. NSPase mainly contained ${\alpha}$-1,6-${\beta}$-galactosidase, ${\beta}$-1,4-mannanase and ${\beta}$-1,4-mannosidase. There were six replication pens per treatment with four pigs per pen. Pigs fed NSPase1 diet had a higher ADG (p<0.05) and G:F (p<0.05) than those fed the control diet. There were no significant differences in growth performance among the multienzyme treatments (p>0.05). Compared with CON, apparent digestibility of DM was increased (p<0.05) by ENDO treatment. N digestibility was improved (p<0.05) in response to multienzyme treatments during the experimental period. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was higher (p<0.05) in ENDO treatment than in CON and NSPase1 treatments at the end of the experiment, while the glucose level improved (p<0.05) due to ENDO and NSPase2 treatments. In Exp. 2, four ileal-cannulated, growing barrows ($20.17{\pm}1.31\;kg$) were housed in individual metabolism crates and randomly assigned to 1of 4 treatments (same as Exp. 1) within a $4{\times}4$ Latin square design. Enzyme supplementations improved the majority of apparent ileal amino acid digestibilities (p<0.05). It is concluded that the supplementation of NSPase1 improved growth performance as well as N digestibility and partially improved apparent ileal amino acid digestibility in growing pigs fed a diet based on corn and soybean meal.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.444-450
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• 2013

A Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming, and rod-shaped bacterial strain designated FW-$6^T$ was isolated from a freshwater sample and its taxonomic position was investigated by using a polyphasic approach. Strain FW-$6^T$ grew optimally at $10-42^{\circ}C$ and at pH 7.0 on nutrient and R2A agar. Strain FW-$6^T$ displayed ${\beta}$-glucosidase activity that was responsible for its ability to transform ginsenoside $Rb_1$ (one of the dominant active components of ginseng) to Rd. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain FW-$6^T$ was shown to belong to the family Sphingomonadaceae and was related to Novosphingobium aromaticivorans DSM $12444^T$ (98.1% sequence similarity) and N. subterraneum IFO $16086^T$ (98.0%). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 64.4%. The major menaquinone was Q-10 and the major fatty acids were summed feature 7 (comprising $C_{18:1}{\omega}9c/{\omega}12t/{\omega}7c$), summed feature 4 (comprising $C_{16:1}{\omega}7c/iso-C_{15:0}2OH$), $C_{16:0}$, and $C_{14:0}$ 2OH. DNA and chemotaxonomic data supported the affiliation of strain FW-$6^T$ to the genus Novosphingobium. Strain FW-$6^T$ could be differentiated genotypically and phenotypically from the recognized species of the genus Novosphingobium. The isolate that has ginsenoside converting ability therefore represents a novel species, for which the name Novosphingobium ginsenosidimutans sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain FW-$6^T$ (= KACC $16615^T$ = JCM $18202^T$).

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.91-98
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• 2023

본 논문에서는 자체 제작한 움직임 팬텀을 이용하여 다양한 호흡모사를 하고, PET/CT 장비 내의 데이터기 기반 보정프로그램을 적용하여 영상을 획득하고, 영상의 SUVmax 및 병변 부피를 분석하여 호흡에 따른 장기 또는 종양의 움직임으로 인한 인공물의 감소효과를 확인하였다. 이동거리 3 cm에서 데이터 기반 게이팅을 적용한 영상이 데이터 기반 게이팅을 적용하지 않은 영상보다 SUVmax가 팬텀 구의 지름이 10 mm, 13 mm, 17 mm, 22 mm, 28 mm, 37 mm에서 각각 2.37, 2.02, 1.44, 1.20, 0.42, 0.52 향상시키는 것으로 나타났고, 향상률로 표시하면 각각 72.5%, 73.3%, 51.3%, 25.8%, 8.6%, 7.2%이었다. 크기가 작은 병소의 SUVmax의 개선효과가 크게 나타났다. 데이터 기반 게이팅을 적용하지 않았을 때에 비하여 적용하였을 때에 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm에서 각각 5%, 12%, 18%의 영상의 면적이 감소하는 개선효과가 있었고, 그리고 움직임에 의한 인공물이 클 때 감소 효과도 커졌다. 데이터 기반 게이팅을 적용하면 검사절차가 간소화되고, 사술자의 피폭선량 감소효과와 더불어 호흡으로 인한 인공물을 감소시켜 영상의 질을 개선할 수 있음을 확인하였다.