• Title/Summary/Keyword: ATP

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Effect of Prostaglandins $D_2,\;E_2\;and\;I_2\;on\;the\;Regulation\;of\;K_{ATP}$ Channel Activity in Rat Cardiac Myocytes

  • Ju, Jeong-Min;Nah, Seung-Yeol;Kim, Jae-Ha
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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    • v.3 no.5
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    • pp.507-512
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    • 1999
  • Contribution of prostaglandins $D_2,\;E_2\;and\;I_2\;(PGD_2,\;PGE_2\;and\;PGI_2)$ on the regulation of ATP-sensitive $K^+$ channel $(K_{ATP}\;channel)$ was investigated in isolated single rat ventricular cardiac myocytes using the patch clamp technique. $PGD_2,\;PGE_2\;and\; PGI_2$ did not affect $K_{ATP}$ channel activity in the inside-out patch, but increased channel activity in a dose-dependent manner when the channel activities were attenuated by the administration of 100 ${\mu}M$ ATP to the internal solution in the inside-out patch. Channel activations by the prostaglandins were abolished by 50 ${\mu}M$ glibenclamide, a $K_{ATP}$ channel blocker. Dose-response curves of relative channel activity against the ATP concentrations of internal solution in the inside-out patch were shifted to the right in the presence of those three prostaglandins. The rank order of the channel stimulatory potencies $(as\;IC_{50}\;for\;ATP)$ calculated from the dose-response curves were $PGI_2\;>\;PGD_2\;>\;PGE_2.$ Conductance of the channel was not changed by those three prostaglandins. In conclusion, we suggest that prostaglandins $D_2,\;E_2\;and\;I_2$ are involved in the regulation of $K_{ATP}$ channel activity in certain circumstances, and that those three prostaglandins may cause myocardial relaxation by opening $K_{ATP}$ channels, thus protecting the heart from ischema.

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Opening of ATP-sensitive $K^+$ Channel by Pinacidil Requires Serine/Threonine Phosphorylation in Rat Ventricular Myocytes

  • Kwak, Yong-Geun;Chae, Soo-Wan
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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    • v.3 no.3
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    • pp.293-303
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    • 1999
  • The influences of specific protein phosphatase and protein kinase inhibitors on the ATP-sensitive $K^+\;(K_{ATP})$ channel-opening effect of pinacidil were investigated in single rat ventricular myocytes using patch clamp technique. In cell-attached patches, pinacidil $(100\;{\mu}M)$ induced the opening of the $K_{ATP}$ channel, which was blocked by the pretreatment with H-7 $(100\;{\mu}M)$ whereas enhanced by the pretreatment with genistein $(30\;{\mu}M)$ or tyrphostin A23 $(10\;{\mu}M)$. In inside-out patches, pinacidil $(10\;{\mu}M)$ activated the $K_{ATP}$ channels in the presence of ATP (0.3 mM) or AMP-PNP (0.3 mM) and in a partial rundown state. The effect of pinacidil $(10\;{\mu}M)$ was not affected by the pretreatment with protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B $(PTP1B,\;10\;{\mu}g\;ml^{-1}),$ but blocked by the pretreatment of protein phosphatase 2A $(PP2A,\;1\;U\;ml^{-1})$. In addition, pinacidil $(10\;{\mu}M)$ could not induce the opening of the reactivated $K_{ATP}$ channels in the presence of H-7 $(100\;{\mu}M)$ but enhanced it in the presence of ATP (1 mM) and genistein $(30\;{\mu}M).$ These results indicate that the $K_{ATP}$ channel-opening effect of pinacidil is not mediated via phosphorylation of $K_{ATP}$ channel protein or associated protein, although it still requires the phosphorylation of serine/threonine residues as a prerequisite condition.

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An ATP Quotation System in Supply Chain Management (공급사슬경영에 있어서의 납기 회신 시스템)

  • Sim, Seung-Bae;Han, Joo-Yun;Jeong, Bong-Ju
    • IE interfaces
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.405-415
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    • 2000
  • The accurate quotation of Available-To-Promise (ATP) plays a very important role in enhancing customer satisfaction and fill rate maximization. However, the complexity of Supply Chain structure, which includes all the linkages among procurement, production, and distribution, makes the accurate quotation of ATP be a quite difficult job. This paper presents a computerized ATP quotation system in global SCM environments where the worldwide headquarter, distribution centers, and manufacturing facilities are globally networked. We modeled the ATP quotation processes with the definition of required data flow and a comprehensive ATP-algorithm was newly developed. The illustrative example shows the efficiency of the proposed system is largely affected by the selection of alternative rules used in ATP-algorithm.

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The Study of Installation and Installation Test for Tilting Train ATP On-board Equipment (틸팅열차용 ATP 차상장치의 설치 및 설치시험 연구)

  • Baek, Jong-Hyen
    • Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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    • 2010.11a
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    • pp.119-122
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    • 2010
  • 본 논문에서는 틸팅열차의 안전성 확보 및 운행효율 향상을 위해 "한국형 틸팅열차 신뢰성 평가 및 운용기술개발" 연구과제의 한 분야로 추진된 ATP 차상장치의 설치 및 시운전시험에 대한 내용 및 결과를 제시하고 있다. 한국철도기술연구원에서는 기존선의 속도 향상과 KTX 비수혜지역의 여객 서비스 향상을 위해 틸팅열차를 개발하였으며 개발된 틸팅열차의 신뢰성 평가를 위해 기존에 사용되고 있는 ATS 장치에 의한 10km 주행 시운전 시험을 진행하였다. 국토해양부에서는 KTX가 운행되지 않는 지역인 중앙선 및 충북선을 비롯한 7개 기존 노선을 200km/h 이상으로 고속화하기로 하였으며, 이에 따라 열차제어시스템은 기존의 ATS 장치에서 ATP 장치로 개량하여야 한다. 따라서 틸팅열차에도 ATP 차상장치를 설치하여 운행 적합성을 확인하여야 하기 때문에 한국철도공사의 경부선 및 호남선 ATP 구축사업에 사용된 것과 동일한 ATP 차상장치를 틸팅열차에 설치하여 시험하였다.

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Effects of Some Heavy Metals(Al, Cd, Hg, and Pb) on ATP Content in Plant Leaves (식물엽의 ATP함량에 미치는 중금속(Al, Cd, Hg 및 Pb)의 영향)

  • 성민웅
    • Journal of Plant Biology
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.107-113
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    • 1979
  • The present study was carried out to estimate the comparative effects of hydroponic heavy metals (Al, Cd, Hg, and Pb) on ATP content in plant leaves grown with Hoagland solution under green house condition. The two plants, kidneybean(Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and buckwheat(Fagopyrum esculentum M nch), showed similar inhibitory effect of heavy metals on ATP content in order of Hg, Cd, Pb, and Al. But the overall inhibitory effect was greater in kidneybean than in buckwheat. The affinity of heavy metals, in vitro, toward the enzyme (luciferin-luciferase) is in order of Hg, Al, Cd, and Pb, similar to that toward ATP. The results showed that the inhibitory effect of heavy metals on ATP hydrolysis is mainly due to the coordination of heavy metals with enzyme than ATP.

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The Action of ATP on Phospholipase $A_2$Activation in C6 Cells (C6세포에서 phospholipase $A_2$활성에 대한 ATP의 작용)

  • 심상수;김명준;윤신희;김창종;조양혁
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.45 no.4
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    • pp.413-418
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    • 2001
  • To investigate action of ATP on ischemia-induced brain injury, we measured phospholipase $A_2$activity and nitric oxide (NO) production in C6 cells. ATP alone did not have any influence on phospholipase $A_2$activity but increased NO production. Glutamate (1 mM) significantly increased phospholipase $A_2$activity whereas did not increased NO production. ATP significantly inhibited phospholipase $A_2$activation induced by 0.1 $\mu$M A23187, 1 mM glutamate and 1 mM $H_2O$$_2$, but did not inhibited 1 $\mu$M PMA-induced phospholipase $A_2$activation. From the above results, it is suggested that the action of ATP in C6 cells has dual actions, such as the inhibition of agonist-induced phospholipase $A_2$activation and the increase of NO production.

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Simulation and Characteristic Analysis Using ATP Draw for Power System Equipments (ATP Draw를 이용한 전력계통 설비의 모의 및 특성분석)

  • Ha, Cha-Wung;Lee, Jong-Beom
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 1999.07c
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    • pp.1227-1229
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    • 1999
  • The ATP Draw is a graphical mouse-driven preprocessor to ATP on the Windows Platform. User can build a graphical picture of the electric circuit by selecting components from menus. In this paper, ATP Draw is used to analyze power transformer transient characteristics and lightning overvoltage phenomenon in underground transmission cables. The results obtained by simulations will be used to identify the response of the digital protection algorithms in power system equipment

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ATP Receptor/Channels: Their Contribution to Calcium Regulation and Modulation by Neurotransmitters

  • Nakazawa, Ken
    • Proceedings of the Korean Biophysical Society Conference
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    • 1997.07a
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    • pp.11-12
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    • 1997
  • A concept that extracellular ATP plays a role as a neurotransmitter is now widely accepted. ATP released from nerve terminals transmits both excitatory and inhibitory signals to postsynaptic neurons, muscle cells, and non-excitable cells. ATP-activated channels are effectors that convert the binding of ATP into the opening of ion channel pores in postsynaptic membrane.(omitted)

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Evaluation of Hygienic Status of University Foodservice Operation using ATP bioluminescence Assay (ATP bioluminescence Assay를 이용한 대학 급식시설의 위생상태 평가에 관한 연구)

  • 박영숙
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.195-201
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    • 2000
  • An investigation was conducted to evaluate the hygienic status of university foodservice operation by using conventional swabbing technique plus standard plate count and ATP bioluminescence assay. The results of the study were as follows: 1) For all kitchen boards, knives, feeding trays, and dish towels tested, there was an overall agreement at 84.7% level between the results obtained using ATP bioluminescence and plate count when using a pass/fail cut-off of 3$\times$ control values for ATP assay and 40 CFU(colony forming unit)/㎠ for plate count. 2) The agrement rate between ATP assay and standard plate count was 87.5% for the samples before use, 29.2% for those during use, and 42.7% for those after cleaning and sanitizing. 3) The plate counts of three university foodservice operations for kitchen board, kitchen knife, feeding tray and dish towel were within the acceptable limits when tested before using. However, none of them were within the acceptable limits when tested during using and after cleaning and sanitizing. 4) Above results suggested that an immediate action needs to be taken to reduce the potential danger of cross-contamination and also effective sanitary control methods needs to be developed to improve the sanitary condition.

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Verification of the Suitability of the ATP Luminometer as the Monitoring Tool for Surface Hygiene in Foodservices (급식소 식품접촉표면 위생 모니터링 도구로서의 ATP Luminometer 적합성 확인)

  • Kim, Yang-Sook;Moon, Hey-Kyung;Kang, Seong-Il;Nam, Eun-Jeong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.39 no.11
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    • pp.1719-1723
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of this study was to verify feasibility of using a ATP Luminometer, real-time hygiene monitoring tool for food contact surfaces in foodservices. For this, 54 cutting boards, 70 knives, 21 rubber gloves in 4 institutional foodservices were studied. ATP (RLU: relatively light unit) values by ATP Luminometer were compared with APC (CFU: colony forming unit) of swabbing culture method using aerobic count plates of 3M petrifilm. ATP ranged from 0 RLU/$cm^2$ to 64693 RLU/$cm^2$ on knives, from 0.1 RLU/$cm^2$ to 6743.6 RLU/$cm^2$ on cutting boards and from 31 RLU/$cm^2$ to 465635 RLU/$cm^2$ on the rubber gloves. APC ranged from 0 CFU/$cm^2$ to 166667 CFU/$cm^2$ on knives, from 0 CFU/$cm^2$ to 1000 CFU/$cm^2$ on cutting boards and from 0 CFU/$cm^2$ to 730000 CFU/$cm^2$ on the rubber gloves. To express the degree of association between ATP and APC, a linear regression was performed. There were significant positive correlations found between log RLU and log CFU on the knives (r=0.84, p<0.001), the cutting boards (r=0.79, p<0.001), the rubber gloves (r=0.78, p<0.001). Results of this study showed the possibility that ATP bioluminescence technique can be used as the monitoring tool for surface hygiene in foodservices.