• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.11-18
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• 2018

In the Digital Transformation infrastructure at the addition to research on mental health such as depression and well-being, research on middle-aged health requires a study consisting of specific measures of cognitive health. This study used social, mental, and physical cognitive health as a sub-domain of cognitive health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the positive effects of volunteer activities on cognitive health for middle-aged women. The questionnaire survey was conducted on middle-aged women aged 40 to 59, focusing on the question "How well does cognitive health work for middle-aged women through volunteer activities?" The goal of this study is to examine the effect of volunteer activities on the cognitive health of middle-aged women and to analyze the meaning and influencing factors of volunteer activities needed to maintain the desirable life of middle-aged women and the healthy life of the elderly. The necessity to diversify and activate volunteer activities of middle-aged women was proved through the survey.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.412-427
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to provide a basis to recognize the health behaviors of middle-aged men that are constructive to a healthy life style. Data were collected from interview of questionnaires completed by 160 middle aged men living in Incheon from November 1 to 30, 2000. The questionnaires used in this study were obtained from publications on health related topics shown in literature review. These topics included : health concept, diseases, use of tobacco, alcohol, caffeine, drug, exercise and diet, cause of stress and stress management. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics using the SPSS program. The results of this study were as follows. 1. $47.5\%$ of Middle aged men thought of concept of health as a doing daily living pattern. 2. $38.5\%$ of the middle aged men had illness or disease, which included hypertension, gastritis, disc, peptic ulcer, indigestion and DM. 3. $55.6\%$ of the middle aged men smoked cigarettes. Most of them the began to smoke due interest. 4. $72.5\%$ of the middle aged men drank alcohol. Most of them began drinking due to peer pressure. 5. $81.2\%$ of the middle aged men consumed caffeine-containing products. 6. $59.4\%$ of the middle aged men took drugs. Most of the drugs were digestant. vitamins and analgesics. 7. $25.2\%$ of the middle aged men exercised more than 2 times per week. 8. Most of causes of stress were economic difficulties and sickness. The method of stress management were alcolhol and use of tobacco mostly.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.79-89
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• 2016

Middle-aged women, who are rising as the main consumers of modern society spare no cost in health care and enjoying cultural activities along with various changes in life styles. They are active in self-realization and taking care of their appearances, and the lifestyle changes of middle-aged women who prefer fashion of young and trendy sensibilities are becoming a important theme in the media such as dramas. The middle-aged women in dramas have social positions and economic power who contribute to the completion of the drama as a main character, and so their fashion styles are receiving attention. Also, they play the role of providing trend information and various fashion information, which even leads to sales of these fashion products. Hence, this study aims to derive design formative characteristics and fashion styles that current middle-aged consumers prefer and provide basic data for promoting the growth of the Korean fashion industry by analyzing the fashion styles in accordance with the life styles of middle-aged women in dramas who are becoming admired by middle-aged women. The analysis of the fashion of middle-aged female characters in dramas allows to examine the fashion styles per various situations in accordance with the life styles of middle-aged women, and furthermore in the domestic and foreign fashion industry, arranges an opportunity to form a new market for potential fashion exports aimed at foreign consumers who view Korean dramas.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.583-595
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• 2013

In the women's clothing industry that targets middle aged-women, there is increased interest on middle-aged women and their appearance management and diet. It is believed that the body type of middle-aged women is becoming thinner. This study examines if middle-aged women body types have changed based on data from the $5^{th}$ and $6^{th}$ Size Korea that objectively analyzed the aspects of middle-aged women's body size change and the related fashion industry that recognize changes in middle-aged women body types by suggesting foundational data for clothing designs. According to research results, middle-aged women's body type shows an increase in items related to height and that measurement values related to obesity (such as weight and BMI index) tend to decrease. Height has increased and weight has decreased compared to the past. Most items related to width or depth tend to show decreased values and we can assume that the present middle-aged women's body type is changing more dynamically than before. It will be possible to design proper clothes for consumer body type and trends if we design clothes that afford multilateral attention to the patterns, design, or material in clothing design by applying the aspects of middle-aged women's body size and body type change.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.119-129
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• 2020

Purpose: The aim of this qualitative study is to explore the health problems and coping experiences of middle-aged and elderly women in the community. Methods: A total of five focus group interviews were conducted with three groups of middle-aged and two groups of elderly women. All interviews were recorded and transcribed. Data were analyzed using the content analysis method. Results: Health problems were categorized as confusion caused by problems that are difficult to handle alone in the middle-aged group and suffering originated by confronting changes in roles and environment in the elderly group. The health problems included stress, suffering, anxiety and social withdrawal as subcategories for the middle-aged women, and the stress, sense of loss, fear, and limited social activities caused by their life events for the elderly women. Meanwhile, the contents of categories about coping were revealed as the beginning of care for the body and mind for healthy life in the middle-aged group and active practice with insight into a healthy lifestyle in the elderly group. While the middle-aged women focused on themselves, attempted changes and started to take care of themselves, the elderly women interacted with the outside world, hardened their mind, made efforts for a dignified death, and managed health by their own methods. Conclusion: There were differences in the experiences of middle-aged and elderly women in accepting their health problems and coping. Nursing interventions reflecting these findings can help to manage and promote the health of middle-aged and elderly women based on an integrated perspective.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.56 no.8 s.108
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• pp.15-34
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• 2006

Knit wear was industrialized, diversified, specialized and was made into high-class and it is including knitted cloth and small product for fashion as well as cardigan, sweater, and jacket etc. unlike past recognition only with underwear and inner wear. To consider elasticity to be the best strength of knit wear, middle-aged women that form change is serious are wearing knit wear as clothes for going out, and this may be regarded as clothes action to be conscious of form than vogue. Thus, in this study, this researcher tried to suggest solution scheme through the development of design of knit wear to supplement the form defect of middle-aged women. This researcher tried to develop the design of knit wear to supplement the form defect of middle-aged women, after examining the theoretical background of knit wear, the bodily and mental feature of middle-aged women. Internal and external knit wear brand that middle-aged women prefer as the scheme for solving the problematic form of middle-aged women with knit wear. As the result first, to see the present situation of inland production enterprise of knit wear, almost all the brand companies are concentrating energies on widening age class. Second, middle-aged women become far off from the form which is regarded ideal form in modern society. Third, result that this researcher examined the brand of knit wear of middle-aged women is as follows : MORADO, Cartknit, Escalier. And, in foreign knit wear brand, ST John, Missoni, ESCADA. Fourth, as the result that this researcher did work manufacture for the supplement of form defect of middle-aged women, it has practical and active side, and off-time has high-class and elegant refined beauty.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.266-276
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• 2004

Purpose: This study purposed to supply basic data for nursing intervention plan for middle-aged women healthcare and for finding solutions to nursing problems through understanding middle-aged women's depression, and to examine whether middle-aged women's depression is related with self-concept, self-efficacy, physical condition and social support. Method: The subjects were 200 middle-aged women aged between 35 and 60 and living in Daejon city and K city in Chungcheongnam-do, and the questionnaire survey was conducted from the 15th of August to the 18th of September in 2003 using a structured questionnaire. Collected data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA. Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression. Result: Middle- aged women's depression was found to be in a negative correlation at a statistically significant level with self-concept (r=-.679, p=0.000), self-efficacy(r=-.489, p= 0.000), physical condition(r=-.650, p=0.000) and social support(r=-.526, p=0.000). The most significant variables of middle-aged women's depression was self-concept(46.2%). Combining with physical condition(13.2%) and self-efficacy(0.9%), the three variables together explained 60.3% of middle-aged women's depression. Conclusion: The results show that middle-aged women's depression is closely related with self-concept, self-efficacy and physical condition. Thus this study suggests that the goal of nursing intervention for middle-aged women to overcome depression should be to help them to have positive self-concept, high self-efficacy and sound physical condition.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.273-282
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• 2020

PURPOSE. To assess shear bond strengths (SBS) of resin composites on aged and non-aged prosthetic materials with various surface treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Cerasmart (CE), Vita Enamic (VE), Vita Mark II (VM), and IPS e.max CAD (EC) blocks were sliced, and rectangular-shaped specimens (14 × 12 × 1.5 mm; N = 352) were obtained. Half of the specimens were aged (5000 thermal cycles) for each material. Non-aged and aged specimens were divided into 4 groups according to the surface treatments (control, air abrasion, etching, and laser irradiation; n = 11) and processed for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The repair procedure was performed after the surface treatments. SBS values and failure types were determined. Obtained data were statistically analyzed (P≤.05). RESULTS. The material type, surface treatment type, and their interactions were found significant with regard to SBS (P<.001). Aging also had a significant effect on prosthetic material-resin composite bonding (P<.001). SBS values of non-aged specimens ranged from 12.16 to 17.91 MPa, while SBS values of aged specimens ranged from 9.46 to 15.61 MPa. Non-aged VM in combination with acid etching presented the highest score while the control group of aged CE showed the lowest. CONCLUSION. Etching was more effective in achieving durable SBS for VM and EC. Laser irradiation could be considered as an alternative surface treatment method to air abrasion for all tested materials. Aging had significant effect on SBS values generated between tested materials and resin composite.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.213-220
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• 2011

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate middle-aged drivers' driving performance and heart-rate as the behavior and physiological changes due to intersection types in left-turn situation. Background: In Korea, the drivers were aged 40~50s are most plentiful. In addition, the intersection traffic accidents are increasing every year. However, the researches for middle-aged drivers and intersection environments have been little. Method: In this study, three kinds of left-turning intersection types(T1, T2, T3) was used as the within-subject independent variables, three age groups(young, middle-aged, elderly) was used as the between-subject independent variables. Also, passing time, approaching velocity, speed and steering variations and heart-rate were used as dependent variables. Results: Overall, middle-aged drivers' driving behaviors were similar to those of the younger drivers. At the T2 intersection type, however, the approaching velocity of middle-aged drivers was similar to younger drivers, whereas the passing time of middle-aged drivers was similar to elderly drivers. Conclusion: These results could be interpreted that a transition driving behavior of middle-aged drivers in terms of age would be appeared on the T2 intersection type. Application: The results might help to understand the characteristics of driving behavior for middle-aged drivers.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.551-556
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• 2009

To investigate effect of aged-related experience on the knowledge and attitude of department of dental hygiene students for the old people. The the survey, which is done by 292 students in D health college, is enforced from August to October 2009. Following result is the data. Analyzed by using SPSS 14.0 version. 1. For the knowledge toward aged, in case of educated has the high level of knowledge (p < 0.05) in Physical-physiological, Social-familial field. But there's no some difference in Psychological field. 2. Whether doing education or not, there's no some difference toward attitude to aged. 3. Whether living together or not, there's no difference about knowledge or attitude. But people who has experience as volunteer shows positive attitude to aged.(p < 0.05) 4. The factors which affects to knowledge about aged are education and attitude for aged. 5. The factors which affects to attitude to aged are volunteering experience and knowledge for aged.